如何遍历带有字符串数组的字符串以查找匹配项？

Question

我正在尝试用一个字符串数组遍历一个标题字符串，并查看数组中的哪些匹配。

我的代码运行良好，但我不确定这是否是最有效的方法。

重要的是数组中的字符串不必与标题中的短语完全匹配。只要每个单词都在标题中，它们就可以按任何顺序排列。任何帮助都会很棒。

EX.title = "Apple Iphone 4 Verizon"
   array = ["iphone apple, verizon iphone", "iphone 3g", "iphone 4", "cool iphone"]

我需要它返回["iphone apple", "verizon iphone", "iphone 4"]。字符串“verizon iphone”和“iphone apple”中的单词在标题中，顺序无所谓

results = [] 

#Loop through all the pids to see if they are found in the title
all_pids = ["iphone 3gs", "iphone white 4", "iphone verizon", "black iphone", "at&t      iphone"]
title = "Apple Iphone 4 White Verizon"
all_pids.each do |pid|
    match = []
    split_id = pid.downcase.split(' ')
    split_id.each do |name|

      in_title = title.downcase.include?(name) 
      if in_title == true
        match << name
      end
    end

    final = match.join(" ")

    if final.strip == pid.strip
      results << pid
    end

end

print results

当我运行它时，它会打印出我需要的内容["iphone white 4", "iphone verizon"]

Answer 1

您可以执行以下操作：

>> require 'set'
=> true
>> title = "Apple Iphone 4 Verizon"
=> "Apple Iphone 4 Verizon"
>> all_pids = ["iphone apple", "verizon iphone", "iphone 3g", "iphone 4", "cool iphone"]
=> ["iphone apple", "verizon iphone", "iphone 3g", "iphone 4", "cool iphone"]
>> title_set = Set.new(title.downcase.split)
=> #<Set: {"apple", "iphone", "4", "verizon"}>
>> all_pids.select { |pid| Set.new(pid.downcase.split).subset? title_set }
=> ["iphone apple", "verizon iphone", "iphone 4"]

您可以对数组差异做一些非常相似的事情，但集合可能会更快，因为它们是作为哈希实现的。

Answer 2

在我看来，您希望找到由与标题中的字符串严格相交的字符串组成的字符串。

Array#- 执行集差操作。 [2] - [1,2,3] = [] 和 [1,2,3] - [2] = [1,3]

title = "Apple Iphone 4 White Verizon"
all_pids = ["iphone 3gs", "iphone white 4", "iphone verizon", "black iphone", "at&t      iphone"]
set_of_strings_in_title = title.downcase.split
all_pids.find_all do |pid|
  set_of_strings_not_in_title = pid.downcase.split - set_of_strings_in_title 
  set_of_strings_not_in_title.empty?
end

编辑：将 #find 更改为 #find_all 以返回所有匹配项，而不仅仅是第一个。