我正在尝试将现有应用从 UIWebView 切换到 WKWebView。当前应用程序在webview 之外管理用户登录/会话，并将身份验证所需的cookies 设置为NSHTTPCookieStore。不幸的是，新的WKWebView 不使用NSHTTPCookieStorage 中的cookies。还有其他方法可以实现吗？
【问题讨论】：
标签： ios cookies uiwebview ios8 wkwebview
仅适用于 iOS 11+ 的编辑
let cookie = HTTPCookie(properties: [
.domain: "example.com",
.path: "/",
.name: "MyCookieName",
.value: "MyCookieValue",
.secure: "TRUE",
.expires: NSDate(timeIntervalSinceNow: 31556926)
])!
webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie)
由于您是从 HTTPCookeStorage 中提取它们，因此您可以这样做：
let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies ?? []
for cookie in cookies {
webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie)
}
iOS 10 及更低版本的旧答案
如果您需要在初始加载请求上设置 cookie，您可以在 NSMutableURLRequest 上设置它们。因为 cookie 只是一个特殊格式的请求标头，所以可以这样实现：
WKWebView * webView = /*set up your webView*/
NSMutableURLRequest * request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/index.html"]];
[request addValue:@"TeskCookieKey1=TeskCookieValue1;TeskCookieKey2=TeskCookieValue2;" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
// use stringWithFormat: in the above line to inject your values programmatically
[webView loadRequest:request];
如果您需要页面上的后续 AJAX 请求来设置其 cookie，这可以通过简单地使用 WKUserScript 在文档开始时通过 javascript 以编程方式设置值来实现，如下所示：
WKUserContentController* userContentController = WKUserContentController.new;
WKUserScript * cookieScript = [[WKUserScript alloc]
initWithSource: @"document.cookie = 'TeskCookieKey1=TeskCookieValue1';document.cookie = 'TeskCookieKey2=TeskCookieValue2';"
injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart forMainFrameOnly:NO];
// again, use stringWithFormat: in the above line to inject your values programmatically
[userContentController addUserScript:cookieScript];
WKWebViewConfiguration* webViewConfig = WKWebViewConfiguration.new;
webViewConfig.userContentController = userContentController;
WKWebView * webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(/*set your values*/) configuration:webViewConfig];
结合这两种技术应该可以为您提供足够的工具来将 cookie 值从 Native App Land 传输到 Web View Land。如果您需要一些更高级的 cookie，您可以在 cookie javascript API on Mozilla's page 上找到更多信息。
是的，Apple 不支持the niceties of UIWebView 的许多内容，这很糟糕。不确定他们是否会支持他们，但希望他们能尽快开始。希望这会有所帮助！
【讨论】：
webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie) 这不适用于 ios13，还有其他人面临这个问题吗？
为我工作
func webView(webView: WKWebView, decidePolicyForNavigationAction navigationAction: WKNavigationAction, decisionHandler: (WKNavigationActionPolicy) -> Void) {
let headerFields = navigationAction.request.allHTTPHeaderFields
var headerIsPresent = contains(headerFields?.keys.array as! [String], "Cookie")
if headerIsPresent {
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicy.Allow)
} else {
let req = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: navigationAction.request.URL!)
let cookies = yourCookieData
let values = NSHTTPCookie.requestHeaderFieldsWithCookies(cookies)
req.allHTTPHeaderFields = values
webView.loadRequest(req)
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicy.Cancel)
}
}
【讨论】：
else 条件下，他使用.cancel 调用decisionHandler 闭包，因此webview 实际上并没有加载初始请求。在loadRequest 在else 条件中调用后，此委托方法将再次为该请求调用，它将进入if 条件，因为Cookie 标头将存在。
else 条件。
在使用this answer（这非常有帮助：）之后，我们不得不做出一些改变：
NSHTTPCookieStorage 中知道它
所以我们修改我们的代码是这样的；
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [originalRequest mutableCopy];
NSString *validDomain = request.URL.host;
const BOOL requestIsSecure = [request.URL.scheme isEqualToString:@"https"];
NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] cookies]) {
// Don't even bother with values containing a `'`
if ([cookie.name rangeOfString:@"'"].location != NSNotFound) {
NSLog(@"Skipping %@ because it contains a '", cookie.properties);
continue;
}
// Is the cookie for current domain?
if (![cookie.domain hasSuffix:validDomain]) {
NSLog(@"Skipping %@ (because not %@)", cookie.properties, validDomain);
continue;
}
// Are we secure only?
if (cookie.secure && !requestIsSecure) {
NSLog(@"Skipping %@ (because %@ not secure)", cookie.properties, request.URL.absoluteString);
continue;
}
NSString *value = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@", cookie.name, cookie.value];
[array addObject:value];
}
NSString *header = [array componentsJoinedByString:@";"];
[request setValue:header forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"];
// Now perform the request...
这可确保第一个请求设置了正确的 cookie，不会从共享存储中发送任何用于其他域的 cookie，也不会将任何安全 cookie 发送到不安全的请求中。
我们还需要确保其他请求设置了 cookie。这是使用在文档加载时运行的脚本完成的，该脚本检查是否有 cookie 集，如果没有，请将其设置为 NSHTTPCookieStorage 中的值。
// Get the currently set cookie names in javascriptland
[script appendString:@"var cookieNames = document.cookie.split('; ').map(function(cookie) { return cookie.split('=')[0] } );\n"];
for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] cookies]) {
// Skip cookies that will break our script
if ([cookie.value rangeOfString:@"'"].location != NSNotFound) {
continue;
}
// Create a line that appends this cookie to the web view's document's cookies
[script appendFormat:@"if (cookieNames.indexOf('%@') == -1) { document.cookie='%@'; };\n", cookie.name, cookie.wn_javascriptString];
}
WKUserContentController *userContentController = [[WKUserContentController alloc] init];
WKUserScript *cookieInScript = [[WKUserScript alloc] initWithSource:script
injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart
forMainFrameOnly:NO];
[userContentController addUserScript:cookieInScript];
...
// Create a config out of that userContentController and specify it when we create our web view.
WKWebViewConfiguration *config = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc] init];
config.userContentController = userContentController;
self.webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:webView.bounds configuration:config];
我们还需要处理服务器更改 cookie 的值。这意味着添加另一个脚本来回调我们正在创建的网络视图以更新我们的NSHTTPCookieStorage。
WKUserScript *cookieOutScript = [[WKUserScript alloc] initWithSource:@"window.webkit.messageHandlers.updateCookies.postMessage(document.cookie);"
injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart
forMainFrameOnly:NO];
[userContentController addUserScript:cookieOutScript];
[userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:webView
name:@"updateCookies"];
并实现委托方法来更新任何已更改的 cookie，确保我们只更新来自当前域的 cookie！
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message {
NSArray<NSString *> *cookies = [message.body componentsSeparatedByString:@"; "];
for (NSString *cookie in cookies) {
// Get this cookie's name and value
NSArray<NSString *> *comps = [cookie componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];
if (comps.count < 2) {
continue;
}
// Get the cookie in shared storage with that name
NSHTTPCookie *localCookie = nil;
for (NSHTTPCookie *c in [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] cookiesForURL:self.wk_webView.URL]) {
if ([c.name isEqualToString:comps[0]]) {
localCookie = c;
break;
}
}
// If there is a cookie with a stale value, update it now.
if (localCookie) {
NSMutableDictionary *props = [localCookie.properties mutableCopy];
props[NSHTTPCookieValue] = comps[1];
NSHTTPCookie *updatedCookie = [NSHTTPCookie cookieWithProperties:props];
[[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] setCookie:updatedCookie];
}
}
}
这似乎解决了我们的 cookie 问题，而我们不必处理我们使用 WKWebView 不同的每个地方。我们现在可以只使用此代码作为帮助器来创建我们的 Web 视图，它会透明地为我们更新 NSHTTPCookieStorage。
编辑：原来我在 NSHTTPCookie 上使用了一个私有类别 - 这是代码：
- (NSString *)wn_javascriptString {
NSString *string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@;domain=%@;path=%@",
self.name,
self.value,
self.domain,
self.path ?: @"/"];
if (self.secure) {
string = [string stringByAppendingString:@";secure=true"];
}
return string;
}
【讨论】：
a=b，那么您最终会得到 cookie 字符串 name=a=b;domain=.example.com;path=/ - 我相信标准会在 ; 上拆分，然后在 key=value 中的 first = 上拆分一对。不过我会对此进行测试:)
这是我在 Swift 中的 Mattrs 解决方案版本，用于从 HTTPCookieStorage 注入所有 cookie。这样做主要是为了注入身份验证 cookie 来创建用户会话。
public func setupWebView() {
let userContentController = WKUserContentController()
if let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies {
let script = getJSCookiesString(for: cookies)
let cookieScript = WKUserScript(source: script, injectionTime: .atDocumentStart, forMainFrameOnly: false)
userContentController.addUserScript(cookieScript)
}
let webViewConfig = WKWebViewConfiguration()
webViewConfig.userContentController = userContentController
self.webView = WKWebView(frame: self.webViewContainer.bounds, configuration: webViewConfig)
}
///Generates script to create given cookies
public func getJSCookiesString(for cookies: [HTTPCookie]) -> String {
var result = ""
let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
dateFormatter.timeZone = TimeZone(abbreviation: "UTC")
dateFormatter.dateFormat = "EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz"
for cookie in cookies {
result += "document.cookie='\(cookie.name)=\(cookie.value); domain=\(cookie.domain); path=\(cookie.path); "
if let date = cookie.expiresDate {
result += "expires=\(dateFormatter.stringFromDate(date)); "
}
if (cookie.secure) {
result += "secure; "
}
result += "'; "
}
return result
}
【讨论】：
dateFormatter.locale = NSLocale(localeIdentifier: "en_US_POSIX")
设置 cookie
self.webView.evaluateJavaScript("document.cookie='access_token=your token';domain='your domain';") { (data, error) -> Void in
self.webView.reload()
}
删除 cookie
self.webView.evaluateJavaScript("document.cookie='access_token=';domain='your domain';") { (data, error) -> Void in
self.webView.reload()
}
【讨论】：
Swift 3 更新：
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, decidePolicyFor navigationResponse: WKNavigationResponse, decisionHandler: @escaping (WKNavigationResponsePolicy) -> Void) {
if let urlResponse = navigationResponse.response as? HTTPURLResponse,
let url = urlResponse.url,
let allHeaderFields = urlResponse.allHeaderFields as? [String : String] {
let cookies = HTTPCookie.cookies(withResponseHeaderFields: allHeaderFields, for: url)
HTTPCookieStorage.shared.setCookies(cookies , for: urlResponse.url!, mainDocumentURL: nil)
decisionHandler(.allow)
}
}
【讨论】：
HTTPCookieStorage.shared 获取 cookie 吗？
在 iOS 11 中，您现在可以管理 cookie :)，请参阅此会话：https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2017/220/
【讨论】：
请找到最有可能开箱即用的解决方案。基本上它是为 Swift 4 @user3589213 的answer 修改和更新的。
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, decidePolicyFor navigationAction: WKNavigationAction, decisionHandler: @escaping (WKNavigationActionPolicy) -> Void) {
let headerKeys = navigationAction.request.allHTTPHeaderFields?.keys
let hasCookies = headerKeys?.contains("Cookie") ?? false
if hasCookies {
decisionHandler(.allow)
} else {
let cookies = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies ?? [])
var headers = navigationAction.request.allHTTPHeaderFields ?? [:]
headers += cookies
var req = navigationAction.request
req.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers
webView.load(req)
decisionHandler(.cancel)
}
}
【讨论】：
必须在创建 WKWebView 之前在配置中设置 cookie。否则，即使使用WKHTTPCookieStore 的setCookie 完成处理程序，cookie 也不会可靠地同步到 Web 视图。这从WKWebViewConfiguration上的docs回到这一行
@NSCopying var configuration: WKWebViewConfiguration { get }
@NSCopying 有点深拷贝。该实现超出了我的范围，但最终结果是，除非您在初始化 web 视图之前设置 cookie，否则您不能指望那里的 cookie。这会使应用程序架构复杂化，因为初始化视图变成了一个异步过程。你最终会得到这样的东西
extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
/// Async Factory method to acquire WKWebViewConfigurations packaged with system cookies
static func cookiesIncluded(completion: @escaping (WKWebViewConfiguration?) -> Void) {
let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
guard let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies else {
completion(config)
return
}
// Use nonPersistent() or default() depending on if you want cookies persisted to disk
// and shared between WKWebViews of the same app (default), or not persisted and not shared
// across WKWebViews in the same app.
let dataStore = WKWebsiteDataStore.nonPersistent()
let waitGroup = DispatchGroup()
for cookie in cookies {
waitGroup.enter()
dataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie) { waitGroup.leave() }
}
waitGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main) {
config.websiteDataStore = dataStore
completion(config)
}
}
}
然后使用它像
override func loadView() {
view = UIView()
WKWebViewConfiguration.cookiesIncluded { [weak self] config in
let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: webConfiguration)
webView.load(request)
self.view = webView
}
}
上述示例将视图创建推迟到最后一刻，另一种解决方案是提前创建配置或 webview，并在创建视图控制器之前处理异步性质。
最后一点：一旦你创建了这个 webview，你就已经把它放开了，如果不使用this answer 中描述的方法，你就不能添加更多的 cookie。但是，您可以使用WKHTTPCookieStoreObserver api 至少观察 cookie 发生的变化。因此，如果在 web 视图中更新了会话 cookie，如果需要，您可以使用此新 cookie 手动更新系统的 HTTPCookieStorage。
如需了解更多信息，请通过2017 WWDC Session Custom Web Content Loading 跳至 18:00。在本次会议开始时，有一个欺骗性的代码示例，它忽略了应该在完成处理程序中创建 webview 的事实。
cookieStore.setCookie(cookie!) {
webView.load(loggedInURLRequest)
}
18:00 的现场演示澄清了这一点。
编辑至少从 Mojave Beta 7 和 iOS 12 Beta 7 开始，我看到 cookie 的行为更加一致。 setCookie(_:) 方法甚至似乎允许在创建 WKWebView 之后设置 cookie。我确实发现它很重要，不要触摸 processPool 变量。 cookie 设置功能在没有创建其他池并且该属性被单独保留时效果最佳。我认为可以肯定地说，由于 WebKit 中的一些错误，我们遇到了问题。
【讨论】：
XHR 请求的更好修复显示在here
Swift 4 版本：
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, decidePolicyFor navigationResponse: WKNavigationResponse, decisionHandler: @escaping (WKNavigationResponsePolicy) -> Swift.Void) {
guard
let response = navigationResponse.response as? HTTPURLResponse,
let url = navigationResponse.response.url
else {
decisionHandler(.cancel)
return
}
if let headerFields = response.allHeaderFields as? [String: String] {
let cookies = HTTPCookie.cookies(withResponseHeaderFields: headerFields, for: url)
cookies.forEach { (cookie) in
HTTPCookieStorage.shared.setCookie(cookie)
}
}
decisionHandler(.allow)
}
【讨论】：
在这里查看各种答案但没有任何成功后，我梳理了 WebKit 文档并偶然发现了 HTTPCookie 上的 requestHeaderFields 静态方法，该方法将 cookie 数组转换为适合标头字段的格式。将此与 mattr's insight 结合使用更新 URLRequest，然后再将其与 cookie 标头一起加载，让我通过了终点线。
var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "https://example.com/")!)
let headers = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: cookies)
for (name, value) in headers {
request.addValue(value, forHTTPHeaderField: name)
}
let webView = WKWebView(frame: self.view.frame)
webView.load(request)
为了更简单，请使用扩展：
extension WKWebView {
func load(_ request: URLRequest, with cookies: [HTTPCookie]) {
var request = request
let headers = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: cookies)
for (name, value) in headers {
request.addValue(value, forHTTPHeaderField: name)
}
load(request)
}
}
现在变成了：
let request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "https://example.com/")!)
let webView = WKWebView(frame: self.view.frame)
webView.load(request, with: cookies)
如果您只想要一个插入式解决方案，此扩展程序也可以在 LionheartExtensions 中使用。干杯！
【讨论】：
发布这个答案背后的原因是我尝试了很多解决方案，但没有一个能正常工作，如果必须第一次设置 cookie，大多数答案都不起作用，并且第一次得到结果 cookie 不同步，请使用这个解决方案适用于 iOS >= 11.0
对于 iOS >= 11.0 -- 斯威夫特 4.2
像这样获取http cookie并设置在wkwebview cookie存储中，在wkwebview中加载您的请求非常棘手，必须发送完全设置 cookie 时的加载请求，这是我编写的函数。
调用带有 closure 的函数，完成后调用加载 webview。仅供参考，此功能仅处理 iOS >= 11.0
self.WwebView.syncCookies {
if let request = self.request {
self.WwebView.load(request)
}
}
这里是 syncCookies 函数的实现。
func syncCookies(completion:@escaping ()->Void) {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
if let yourCookie = "HERE_YOUR_HTTP_COOKIE_OBJECT" {
self.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(yourCookie, completionHandler: {
completion()
})
}
} else {
//Falback just sent
completion()
}
}
适用于 iOS 8 至 iOS 11
你需要设置一些额外的东西，你需要通过使用 WKUserScript 设置两次 cookie，并且不要忘记在请求中添加 cookie，否则你的 cookie 不会第一次同步，你会看到您的页面第一次未正确加载。这就是我发现支持 iOS 8.0 的 cookie
在你创建 Wkwebview 对象之前。
func setUpWebView() {
let userController: WKUserContentController = WKUserContentController.init()
if IOSVersion.SYSTEM_VERSION_LESS_THAN(version: "11.0") {
if let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies {
if let script = getJSCookiesString(for: cookies) {
cookieScript = WKUserScript(source: script, injectionTime: .atDocumentStart, forMainFrameOnly: false)
userController.addUserScript(cookieScript!)
}
}
}
let webConfiguration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
webConfiguration.processPool = BaseWebViewController.processPool
webConfiguration.userContentController = userController
let customFrame = CGRect.init(origin: CGPoint.zero, size: CGSize.init(width: 0.0, height: self.webContainerView.frame.size.height))
self.WwebView = WKWebView (frame: customFrame, configuration: webConfiguration)
self.WwebView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.webContainerView.addSubview(self.WwebView)
self.WwebView.uiDelegate = self
self.WwebView.navigationDelegate = self
self.WwebView.allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures = true // A Boolean value indicating whether horizontal swipe gestures will trigger back-forward list navigations
self.WwebView.addObserver(self, forKeyPath: #keyPath(WKWebView.estimatedProgress), options: .new, context: nil)
self.view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: WwebView, attribute: .trailing, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: self.webContainerView, attribute: .trailing, multiplier: 1, constant: 0))
self.view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: WwebView, attribute: .leading, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: self.webContainerView, attribute: .leading, multiplier: 1, constant: 0))
self.view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: WwebView, attribute: .top, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: self.webContainerView, attribute: .top, multiplier: 1, constant: 0))
self.view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: WwebView, attribute: .bottom, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: self.webContainerView, attribute: .bottom, multiplier: 1, constant: 0))
}
关注这个函数getJSCookiesString
public func getJSCookiesString(for cookies: [HTTPCookie]) -> String? {
var result = ""
let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
dateFormatter.timeZone = TimeZone(abbreviation: "UTC")
dateFormatter.dateFormat = "EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz"
for cookie in cookies {
if cookie.name == "yout_cookie_name_want_to_sync" {
result += "document.cookie='\(cookie.name)=\(cookie.value); domain=\(cookie.domain); path=\(cookie.path); "
if let date = cookie.expiresDate {
result += "expires=\(dateFormatter.string(from: date)); "
}
if (cookie.isSecure) {
result += "secure; "
}
result += "'; "
}
}
return result
}
这是另一个步骤 wkuserscript 不会立即同步 cookie，第一次加载带有 cookie 的页面有很多麻烦，如果它终止进程，则重新加载 webview 但我不建议使用它，这对用户不利观点，见鬼的是，每当你准备好在请求头中加载请求集cookie时，就像这样，不要忘记添加iOS版本检查。在加载请求之前调用这个函数。
request?.addCookies()
我为 URLRequest 写了扩展
extension URLRequest {
internal mutating func addCookies() {
//"appCode=anAuY28ucmFrdXRlbi5yZXdhcmQuaW9zLXpOQlRTRmNiejNHSzR0S0xuMGFRb0NjbUg4Ql9JVWJH;rpga=kW69IPVSYZTo0JkZBicUnFxC1g5FtoHwdln59Z5RNXgJoMToSBW4xAMqtf0YDfto;rewardadid=D9F8CE68-CF18-4EE6-A076-CC951A4301F6;rewardheader=true"
var cookiesStr: String = ""
if IOSVersion.SYSTEM_VERSION_LESS_THAN(version: "11.0") {
let mutableRequest = ((self as NSURLRequest).mutableCopy() as? NSMutableURLRequest)!
if let yourCookie = "YOUR_HTTP_COOKIE_OBJECT" {
// if have more than one cookies dont forget to add ";" at end
cookiesStr += yourCookie.name + "=" + yourCookie.value + ";"
mutableRequest.setValue(cookiesStr, forHTTPHeaderField: "Cookie")
self = mutableRequest as URLRequest
}
}
}
}
现在您可以开始测试 iOS > 8
【讨论】：
如果有人在使用 Alamofire，那么这是更好的解决方案。
let cookies = Alamofire.SessionManager.default.session.configuration.httpCookieStorage?.cookies(for: URL(string: BASE_URL)!)
for (cookie) in cookies ?? [] {
webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie)
}
【讨论】：
这对我有用： 在 setcookies 之后，添加 fetchdatarecords
let cookiesSet = NetworkProvider.getCookies(forKey :
PaywallProvider.COOKIES_KEY, completionHandler: nil)
let dispatchGroup = DispatchGroup()
for (cookie) in cookiesSet {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
dispatchGroup.enter()
self.webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie){
dispatchGroup.leave()
print ("cookie added: \(cookie.description)")
}
} else {
// TODO Handle ios 10 Fallback on earlier versions
}
}
dispatchGroup.notify(queue: .main, execute: {
self.webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.fetchDataRecords(ofTypes:
WKWebsiteDataStore.allWebsiteDataTypes()) { records in
records.forEach { record in
print("[WebCacheCleaner] Record \(record)")
}
self.webView.load(URLRequest(url:
self.dataController.premiumArticleURL ,
cachePolicy:NSURLRequest.CachePolicy.reloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData,
timeoutInterval: 10.0))
}
})
}
【讨论】：
我已经尝试了上述所有答案，但没有一个有效。经过这么多尝试，我终于找到了一种设置 WKWebview cookie 的可靠方法。
首先，您必须创建一个 WKProcessPool 实例并将其设置为用于初始化 WkWebview 本身的 WKWebViewConfiguration：
private lazy var mainWebView: WKWebView = {
let webConfiguration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
webConfiguration.processPool = WKProcessPool()
let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: webConfiguration)
webView.navigationDelegate = self
return webView
}()
设置 WKProcessPool 是这里最重要的一步。 WKWebview 使用进程隔离 - 这意味着它运行在与您的应用进程不同的进程上。这有时会导致冲突并阻止您的 cookie 与 WKWebview 正确同步。
现在我们来看看WKProcessPool的定义
与 Web 视图关联的进程池由其 Web 视图配置指定。每个 Web 视图都有自己的 Web 内容进程，直到达到实现定义的进程限制；之后，具有相同进程池的 Web 视图最终共享 Web 内容进程。
如果你打算对子序列请求使用相同的 WKWebview，请注意最后一句
具有相同进程池的 Web 视图最终共享 Web 内容 进程
我的意思是，如果您每次为同一个域配置 WKWebView 时不使用相同的 WKProcessPool 实例（也许您有一个包含 WKWebView 的 VC A 并且您想创建不同的 VC A 实例在不同的地方），可能会有冲突设置cookie。为了解决这个问题，在第一次为加载域 B 的 WKWebView 创建 WKProcessPool 之后，我将它保存在一个单例中，并且每次我必须创建一个加载相同域 B 的 WKWebView 时都使用相同的 WKProcessPool
private lazy var mainWebView: WKWebView = {
let webConfiguration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
if Enviroment.shared.processPool == nil {
Enviroment.shared.processPool = WKProcessPool()
}
webConfiguration.processPool = Enviroment.shared.processPool!
webConfiguration.processPool = WKProcessPool()
let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: webConfiguration)
webView.navigationDelegate = self
return webView
}()
在初始化过程之后，您可以在httpCookieStore.setCookie 的完成块内加载一个URLRequest。在这里，您必须将 cookie 附加到请求标头，否则它将不起作用。
P/s：我从 Dan Loewenherz 上面的精彩答案中偷了扩展
mainWebView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(your_cookie) {
self.mainWebView.load(your_request, with: [your_cookie])
}
extension WKWebView {
func load(_ request: URLRequest, with cookies: [HTTPCookie]) {
var request = request
let headers = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: cookies)
for (name, value) in headers {
request.addValue(value, forHTTPHeaderField: name)
}
load(request)
}
}
【讨论】：
添加多个 cookie 项时，您可以这样做：（每个项都需要path & domain）
NSString *cookie = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"document.cookie = 'p1=%@;path=/;domain=your.domain;';document.cookie = 'p2=%@;path=/;domain=your.domain;';document.cookie = 'p3=%@;path=/;domain=your.domain;';", p1_string, p2_string, p3_string];
WKUserScript *cookieScript = [[WKUserScript alloc]
initWithSource:cookie
injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart forMainFrameOnly:NO];
[userContentController addUserScript:cookieScript];
否则，只会设置第一个 cookie 项。
【讨论】：
您还可以使用 WKWebsiteDataStore 从 UIWebView 获取与 HTTPCookieStorage 类似的行为。
let dataStore = WKWebsiteDataStore.default()
let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies ?? [HTTPCookie]()
cookies.forEach({
dataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie($0, completionHandler: nil)
})
【讨论】：
以下代码在我的项目 Swift5 中运行良好。 尝试通过下面的 WKWebView 加载 url：
private func loadURL(urlString: String) {
let url = URL(string: urlString)
guard let urlToLoad = url else { fatalError("Cannot find any URL") }
// Cookies configuration
var urlRequest = URLRequest(url: urlToLoad)
if let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies(for: urlToLoad) {
let headers = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: cookies)
for header in headers { urlRequest.addValue(header.value, forHTTPHeaderField: header.key) }
}
webview.load(urlRequest)
}
【讨论】：
这是我在 iOS 9 或更高版本中处理 Cookie 和 WKWebView 的解决方案。
import WebKit
extension WebView {
enum LayoutMode {
case fillContainer
}
func autoLayout(_ view: UIView?, mode: WebView.LayoutMode = .fillContainer) {
guard let view = view else { return }
self.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
view.addSubview(self)
switch mode {
case .fillContainer:
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
self.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor),
self.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor),
self.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor),
self.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor)
])
}
}
}
class WebView : WKWebView {
var request : URLRequest?
func load(url: URL, useSharedCookies: Bool = false) {
if useSharedCookies, let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies(for: url) {
self.load(url: url, withCookies: cookies)
} else {
self.load(URLRequest(url: url))
}
}
func load(url: URL, withCookies cookies: [HTTPCookie]) {
self.request = URLRequest(url: url)
let headers = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: cookies)
self.request?.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers
self.load(request!)
}
}
【讨论】：
我对 nteiss 的回答。在iOS 11, 12, 13 上测试。看起来您不必再在iOS 13 上使用DispatchGroup。
我在WKWebViewConfiguration 上使用非静态函数includeCustomCookies，这样我每次创建新的WKWebViewConfiguration 时都可以更新cookies。
extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
func includeCustomCookies(cookies: [HTTPCookie], completion: @escaping () -> Void) {
let dataStore = WKWebsiteDataStore.nonPersistent()
let waitGroup = DispatchGroup()
for cookie in cookies {
waitGroup.enter()
dataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie) { waitGroup.leave() }
}
waitGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main) {
self.websiteDataStore = dataStore
completion()
}
}
}
然后我这样使用它：
let customUserAgent: String = "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/12.1.1 Safari/605.1.15"
let customCookies: [HTTPCookie] = {
let cookie1 = HTTPCookie(properties: [
.domain: "yourdomain.com",
.path: "/",
.name: "auth_token",
.value: APIManager.authToken
])!
let cookie2 = HTTPCookie(properties: [
.domain: "yourdomain.com",
.path: "/",
.name: "i18next",
.value: "ru"
])!
return [cookie1, cookie2]
}()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
activityIndicatorView.startAnimating()
let webConfiguration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
webConfiguration.includeCustomCookies(cookies: customCookies, completion: { [weak self] in
guard let strongSelf = self else { return }
strongSelf.webView = WKWebView(frame: strongSelf.view.bounds, configuration: webConfiguration)
strongSelf.webView.customUserAgent = strongSelf.customUserAgent
strongSelf.webView.navigationDelegate = strongSelf
strongSelf.webView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
strongSelf.view.addSubview(strongSelf.webView)
strongSelf.view.bringSubviewToFront(strongSelf.activityIndicatorView)
strongSelf.webView.load(strongSelf.request)
})
}
【讨论】：
我犯的这个错误是我在域属性中传递了整个 url，它应该只是域名。
let cookie = HTTPCookie(properties: [
.domain: "example.com",
.path: "/",
.name: "MyCookieName",
.value: "MyCookieValue",
.secure: "TRUE",
])!
webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie)
【讨论】：
iOS 10+ 解决方案
import UIKit
import WebKit
extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
func set(cookies: [HTTPCookie], completion: (() -> Void)?) {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
let waitGroup = DispatchGroup()
for cookie in cookies {
waitGroup.enter()
websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie) { waitGroup.leave() }
}
waitGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main) { completion?() }
} else {
cookies.forEach { HTTPCookieStorage.shared.setCookie($0) }
self.createCookiesInjectionJS(cookies: cookies) {
let script = WKUserScript(source: $0, injectionTime: .atDocumentStart, forMainFrameOnly: false)
self.userContentController.addUserScript(script)
DispatchQueue.main.async { completion?() }
}
}
}
private func createCookiesInjectionJS (cookies: [HTTPCookie], completion: ((String) -> Void)?) {
var scripts: [String] = ["var cookieNames = document.cookie.split('; ').map(function(cookie) { return cookie.split('=')[0] } )"]
let now = Date()
for cookie in cookies {
if let expiresDate = cookie.expiresDate, now.compare(expiresDate) == .orderedDescending { continue }
scripts.append("if (cookieNames.indexOf('\(cookie.name)') == -1) { document.cookie='\(cookie.javaScriptString)'; }")
}
completion?(scripts.joined(separator: ";\n"))
}
}
extension WKWebView {
func loadWithCookies(request: URLRequest) {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
load(request)
} else {
var _request = request
_request.setCookies()
load(_request)
}
}
}
extension URLRequest {
private static var cookieHeaderKey: String { "Cookie" }
private static var noAppliedcookieHeaderKey: String { "No-Applied-Cookies" }
var hasCookies: Bool {
let headerKeys = (allHTTPHeaderFields ?? [:]).keys
var hasCookies = false
if headerKeys.contains(URLRequest.cookieHeaderKey) { hasCookies = true }
if !hasCookies && headerKeys.contains(URLRequest.noAppliedcookieHeaderKey) { hasCookies = true }
return hasCookies
}
mutating func setCookies() {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) { return }
var cookiesApplied = false
if let url = self.url, let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies(for: url) {
let headers = HTTPCookie.requestHeaderFields(with: cookies)
for (name, value) in headers { setValue(value, forHTTPHeaderField: name) }
cookiesApplied = allHTTPHeaderFields?.keys.contains(URLRequest.cookieHeaderKey) ?? false
}
if !cookiesApplied { setValue("true", forHTTPHeaderField: URLRequest.noAppliedcookieHeaderKey) }
}
}
/// https://github.com/Kofktu/WKCookieWebView/blob/master/WKCookieWebView/WKCookieWebView.swift
extension HTTPCookie {
var javaScriptString: String {
if var properties = properties {
properties.removeValue(forKey: .name)
properties.removeValue(forKey: .value)
return properties.reduce(into: ["\(name)=\(value)"]) { result, property in
result.append("\(property.key.rawValue)=\(property.value)")
}.joined(separator: "; ")
}
var script = [
"\(name)=\(value)",
"domain=\(domain)",
"path=\(path)"
]
if isSecure { script.append("secure=true") }
if let expiresDate = expiresDate {
script.append("expires=\(HTTPCookie.dateFormatter.string(from: expiresDate))")
}
return script.joined(separator: "; ")
}
private static let dateFormatter: DateFormatter = {
let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
dateFormatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US")
dateFormatter.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)
dateFormatter.dateFormat = "EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz"
return dateFormatter
}()
}
不要忘记在此处粘贴解决方案代码
class WebViewController: UIViewController {
private let host = "google.com"
private weak var webView: WKWebView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupWebView()
}
func setupWebView() {
let cookies: [HTTPCookie] = []
let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
configuration.websiteDataStore = .nonPersistent()
configuration.set(cookies: cookies) {
let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: configuration)
/// ..
self.webView = webView
self.loadPage(url: URL(string:self.host)!)
}
}
private func loadPage(url: URL) {
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.setCookies()
webView.load(request)
}
}
extension WebViewController: WKNavigationDelegate {
// https://stackoverflow.com/a/47529039/4488252
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView,
decidePolicyFor navigationAction: WKNavigationAction,
decisionHandler: @escaping (WKNavigationActionPolicy) -> Void) {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
decisionHandler(.allow)
} else {
guard let url = navigationAction.request.url, let host = url.host, host.contains(self.host) else {
decisionHandler(.allow)
return
}
if navigationAction.request.hasCookies {
decisionHandler(.allow)
} else {
DispatchQueue.main.async {
decisionHandler(.cancel)
self.loadPage(url: url)
}
}
}
}
}
不要忘记在此处粘贴解决方案代码
import UIKit
import WebKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
private weak var webView: WKWebView!
let url = URL(string: "your_url")!
var cookiesData: [String : Any] {
[
"access_token": "your_token"
]
}
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
guard let host = self.url.host else { return }
configuration.set(cookies: createCookies(host: host, parameters: self.cookiesData)) {
let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: configuration)
self.view.addSubview(webView)
self.webView = webView
webView.navigationDelegate = self
webView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
webView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor).isActive = true
webView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leftAnchor).isActive = true
self.view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: webView.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
self.view.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: webView.rightAnchor).isActive = true
self.loadPage(url: self.url)
}
}
private func loadPage(url: URL) {
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.timeoutInterval = 30
request.setCookies()
webView.load(request)
}
private func createCookies(host: String, parameters: [String: Any]) -> [HTTPCookie] {
parameters.compactMap { (name, value) in
HTTPCookie(properties: [
.domain: host,
.path: "/",
.name: name,
.value: "\(value)",
.secure: "TRUE",
.expires: Date(timeIntervalSinceNow: 31556952),
])
}
}
}
extension ViewController: WKNavigationDelegate {
// https://stackoverflow.com/a/47529039/4488252
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView,
decidePolicyFor navigationAction: WKNavigationAction,
decisionHandler: @escaping (WKNavigationActionPolicy) -> Void) {
if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
decisionHandler(.allow)
} else {
guard let url = navigationAction.request.url, let host = url.host, host.contains(self.url.host!) else {
decisionHandler(.allow)
return
}
if navigationAction.request.hasCookies {
decisionHandler(.allow)
} else {
DispatchQueue.main.async {
decisionHandler(.cancel)
self.loadPage(url: url)
}
}
}
}
}
添加 Info.plist 传输安全设置
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/>
</dict>
【讨论】：
这是我的做法-
在 AppDelegate 的 didFinishLaunchingWithOptions 中（或创建 WebView 之前的任何地方）调用 initWebConfig，否则有时 Cookie 无法正确同步-
func initWebConfig() {
self.webConfig = WKWebViewConfiguration()
self.webConfig.websiteDataStore = WKWebsiteDataStore.nonPersistent()
}
func setCookie(key: String, value: AnyObject, domain: String? = nil, group: DispatchGroup? = nil) {
let cookieProps: [HTTPCookiePropertyKey : Any] = [
.domain: domain ?? "google.com",
.path: "/",
.name: key,
.value: value,
]
if let cookie = HTTPCookie(properties: cookieProps) {
group?.enter()
let webConfig = (UIApplication.shared.delegate as? AppDelegate)?.webConfig
webConfig?.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie) {
group?.leave()
}
}
}
如果需要，在调度组中设置 cookie-
let group = DispatchGroup()
self.setCookie(key: "uuid", value: "tempUdid" as AnyObject, group: group)
self.setCookie(key: "name", value: "tempName" as AnyObject, group: group)
group.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main) {
//Create and Load WebView here
let webConfig = (UIApplication.shared.delegate as? AppDelegate)?.webConfig ?? WKWebViewConfiguration()
//create urlRequest
let webView = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: webConfig)
self.webView.load(urlRequest)
}
【讨论】：
终于得到了适用于 ios 11+ 的解决方案。在这里粘贴我的代码...
extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
static func includeCookie(preferences:WKPreferences, completion: @escaping (WKWebViewConfiguration?) -> Void) {
let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
guard let cookies = HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookies else {
completion(config)
return
}
config.preferences = preferences
let dataStore = WKWebsiteDataStore.nonPersistent()
HTTPCookieStorage.shared.cookieAcceptPolicy = .always
DispatchQueue.main.async {
let waitGroup = DispatchGroup()
for cookie in cookies{
waitGroup.enter()
let customCookie = HTTPCookie(properties: [
.domain: cookie.domain,
.path: cookie.path,
.name: cookie.name,
.value: cookie.value,
.secure: cookie.isSecure,
.expires: cookie.expiresDate ?? NSDate(timeIntervalSinceNow: 31556926)
])
if let cookieData = customCookie{
dataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookieData) {
waitGroup.leave()
}
}
}
waitGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main) {
config.websiteDataStore = dataStore
completion(config)
}
}
}
}
在 WKWebViewConfiguration 中设置好 cookie 后，使用相同的配置加载 webview...
WKWebViewConfiguration.includeCookie(preferences: preferences, completion: {
[weak self] config in
if let `self` = self {
if let configuration = config {
webview = WKWebView(frame: self.contentView.bounds, configuration: config)
webview.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.getAllCookies { (response) in
print("")
}
self.contentView.addSubview(webview)
if let filePath = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "index", withExtension: "html", subdirectory: "packageDetailWevview") {
if let requestUrl = filePath {
let request = URLRequest(url: requestUrl)
webview.load(request)
}
}
}
}
})
【讨论】：