为什么下面的代码显示数组中的最后一个月，而不是显示降雨量最高和最低的月份？

Question

我有一个任务，我需要让用户输入每个月的降雨量。最后，我需要平均降雨量并显示降雨量最高和最低的月份（使用月份名称）。除了显示最低和最高月份外，一切正常。出于某种原因，我的代码总是显示十二月而不是实际的最低和最高月份。最低月 = MONTHS[count];和最高月= MONTHS [countup]；是我怀疑导致一些问题的代码行。感谢社区可以提供的任何帮助。

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    const int SIZE = 12;
    double RAINFALL[SIZE];
    string MONTHS[SIZE] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" };

    for (int counter = 0; counter < SIZE; counter++)
    {
        cout << "Please enter rainfall for " << MONTHS[counter] << ": ";
        cin >> RAINFALL[counter];

        while (RAINFALL[counter] < 0.00) // Input validation to prevent neg amounts being entered
        {
            cout << "Invalid Data (negative rainfall)!" << endl;
            cout << "Please re-enter rainfall for " << MONTHS[counter] << ": ";
            cin >> RAINFALL[counter];
        }
    }

    int tnum;
    double average, sum = 0;
    for (tnum = 0; tnum < SIZE; tnum++)
        sum += RAINFALL[tnum];
    average = sum / SIZE;
    cout << "Average rainfall = " << average << endl;

    int count;
    int lowest;
    string lowestMonth = MONTHS[0];
    lowest = RAINFALL[0];
    for (count = 1; count < SIZE; count++)
    {
        if (RAINFALL[count] < lowest)
            lowest = RAINFALL[count]; 
        lowestMonth = MONTHS[count];
    }

    cout << "Lowest rainfall in " << lowestMonth << " of: " << lowest << endl;

    int countup;
    int highest;
    string highestMonth = MONTHS[0];
    highest = RAINFALL[0];
    for (countup = 1; countup < SIZE; countup++)
    {
        if (RAINFALL[countup] > highest)
            highest = RAINFALL[countup];
            highestMonth = MONTHS[countup];
    }

    cout << "Highest rainfall in " << highestMonth << " of: " << highest << endl;

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

您的 if 语句中缺少一个括号，因此只执行第一行。

for (count = 1; count < SIZE; count++)
{
    if (RAINFALL[count] < lowest) { // <-- BRACKET
        lowest = RAINFALL[count]; 
        lowestMonth = MONTHS[count];
    } // <-- BRACKET
}

当然，还有更多模块化的方法：

std::string lowest_month = MONTHS[
    std::min_element(&RAINFALL[0], &RAINFALL[SIZE]) - &RAINFALL[0]
];