【问题标题】:C calling a print function in mainC在main中调用打印函数
【发布时间】:2015-11-04 19:06:28
【问题描述】:

我真的是 C 的新手,正在编写一个代码来创建一个包含员工信息数组的结构。正如您在我的代码中看到的那样,有员工(实际上有 4 个,但我在这里将其减少为 1 个),每个员工都有相应的信息。 (仅供参考,为了节省空间,我遗漏了一些东西,比如声明 struct workerT)。

我创建了另一个函数 (prntWorker),它应该打印所有员工及其信息,但我不知道在 main() 中调用它时要使用什么周界。无论我使用什么边界,CodeBlocks 都会返回参数太少。很抱歉,我知道这是一个新手问题,但我将不胜感激!

目标是“给定一个包含 siz 元素的 workerT 结构数组,打印在数组元素 list[indx] 中找到的所有员工信息

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_ROSTER 10 //roster of employees

typedef struct workerT_struct {
    char name[81]; //employee name
    char title[81]; //employee title
    int empID; //unique ID for employee
    int empStatus; 
    int year100_salary; //before-tax salary, in cents
    int year100_401k; //annual contribution to retirement, in cents
    double taxRate; //fraction used to determine payroll taxes
    int month100_paycheck; //monthly paycheck, in cents
} workerT;

void initWorkerArray(workerT list[], int siz);
void prntWorker(workerT list[], int siz, int indx);


int main()
{
    workerT roster[MAX_ROSTER];
    prntWorker(roster, MAX_ROSTER, 0); //FIXME
    return 0;
}

void initWorkerArray(workerT list[], int siz) {
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        strcpy(list[0].name, "Buggy, Orson");
        strcpy(list[0].title, "Director/President");
        list[0].empID = 1;
        list[0].empStatus = 1;
        list[0].year100_salary = 12015000;
        list[0].year100_401k = 950000;
        list[0].taxRate = 0.45;

        strcpy(list[1].name, "Czechs, Imelda");
        strcpy(list[1].title, "Chief Financial Officer");
        list[1].empID = 2;
        list[1].empStatus = 1;
        list[1].year100_salary = 8020000;
        list[1].year100_401k = 960000;
        list[1].taxRate = 0.39;

        strcpy(list[2].name, "Hold, Levon");
        strcpy(list[2].title, "Customer Service");
        list[2].empID = 6;
        list[2].empStatus = -1;
        list[2].year100_salary = 8575000;
        list[2].year100_401k = 1133000;
        list[2].taxRate = 0.39;

        strcpy(list[3].name, "Andropov, Picov");
        strcpy(list[3].title, "Shipping Coordinator");
        list[3].empID = 7;
        list[3].empStatus = 1;
        list[3].year100_salary = 4450000;
        list[3].year100_401k = 375000;
        list[3].taxRate = 0.31;
    }

    for (i = 4; i < siz; ++i) {
        strcpy(list[i].name, "none");
        strcpy(list[i].title, "none");
        list[i].empID = -1;
        list[i].empStatus = -1;
        list[i].year100_salary = 0;
        list[i].year100_401k = 0;
        list[i].taxRate = 0.0;
    }
    return;
}

void prntWorker(workerT list[], int siz, int indx) {
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < siz; ++i) {
        printf("%s ", list[indx].name);
        printf("%s ", list[indx].title);
        printf("%d ", list[indx].empID);
        printf("%d ", list[indx].empStatus);
        printf("%d ", list[indx].year100_salary);
        printf("%d ", list[indx].year100_401k);
        printf("%lf ", list[indx].taxRate);
        printf("%d ", list[indx].month100_paycheck);
    }
    return;
}

【问题讨论】:

  • 你试过#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;吗?
  • 是的,我做了,这只是我为了节省空间而剪掉的东西之一
  • prntWorker( roster, MAX_ROSTER, 0 ) 应该可以工作,但是您的功能很混乱。它在indx 打印该项目,并重复siz 次。
  • 请发布我们可以编译的代码...例如没有workerT 定义,底部有一个杂散的return 或缺少}
  • 你从不调用 initWorkerArray,所以没有什么可打印的。

标签: c arrays function printing struct


【解决方案1】:

这里有几个问题:

您永远不会调用initWorkerArray 来初始化数组:

int main()
{
    workerT roster[MAX_ROSTER];
    initWorkerArray(roster, MAX_ROSTER);   // add this call
    prntWorker(roster, MAX_ROSTER, 0);
    return 0;
}

initWorkerArray 内部,不需要第一个 for 循环,因为您正在更新数组中的特定索引。

你永远不会初始化month100_paycheck,无论是在第二个for循环还是初始字段,所以这个字段包含垃圾:

list[0].month100_paycheck = 0;
...
list[1].month100_paycheck = 0;
...
list[2].month100_paycheck = 0;
...
list[3].month100_paycheck = 0;
...
for (i = 4; i < siz; ++i) {
    ....
    list[i].month100_paycheck = 0;
}

然后在prntWorker 中,您没有使用循环索引i 来遍历列表。您正在使用参数indx,而您并不真正需要它:

void prntWorker(workerT list[], int siz) {
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < siz; ++i) {
        printf("%s ", list[i].name);
        printf("%s ", list[i].title);
        printf("%d ", list[i].empID);
        printf("%d ", list[i].empStatus);
        printf("%d ", list[i].year100_salary);
        printf("%d ", list[i].year100_401k);
        printf("%lf ", list[i].taxRate);
        printf("%d ", list[i].month100_paycheck);
        printf("\n");    // put a newline at the end for nicer formatting
    }
    return;
}

改了这个函数后,还要改main中的调用:

    prntWorker(roster, MAX_ROSTER);

进行这些更改后,您应该得到以下输出:

Buggy, Orson Director/President 1 1 12015000 950000 0.450000 0
Czechs, Imelda Chief Financial Officer 2 1 8020000 960000 0.390000 0
Hold, Levon Customer Service 6 -1 8575000 1133000 0.390000 0
Andropov, Picov Shipping Coordinator 7 1 4450000 375000 0.310000 0
none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 0
none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 0
none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 0
none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 0
none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 0
none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 0

【讨论】:

    【解决方案2】:

    这是您调整后的代码。主要是我从main() 调用initWorkerArray(),但删除了它的循环,该循环初始化结构4 次。我还更改了循环控制变量,并在打印每条记录后在prntWorker() 中添加了newline。但是最后一个字段month100_paycheck 打印的是荒谬的值,因为它还没有被计算出来。

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #define MAX_ROSTER 10 //roster of employees
    
    typedef struct workerT_struct {
        char name[81]; //employee name
        char title[81]; //employee title
        int empID; //unique ID for employee
        int empStatus; 
        int year100_salary; //before-tax salary, in cents
        int year100_401k; //annual contribution to retirement, in cents
        double taxRate; //fraction used to determine payroll taxes
        int month100_paycheck; //monthly paycheck, in cents
    } workerT;
    
    void initWorkerArray(workerT list[], int siz);
    void prntWorker(workerT list[], int siz, int indx);
    
    
    int main()
    {
        workerT roster[MAX_ROSTER];
        initWorkerArray(roster, MAX_ROSTER);
        prntWorker(roster, MAX_ROSTER, 0); //FIXME
        return 0;
    }
    
    void initWorkerArray(workerT list[], int siz) {
        int i = 0;
    
        strcpy(list[0].name, "Buggy, Orson");
        strcpy(list[0].title, "Director/President");
        list[0].empID = 1;
        list[0].empStatus = 1;
        list[0].year100_salary = 12015000;
        list[0].year100_401k = 950000;
        list[0].taxRate = 0.45;
    
        strcpy(list[1].name, "Czechs, Imelda");
        strcpy(list[1].title, "Chief Financial Officer");
        list[1].empID = 2;
        list[1].empStatus = 1;
        list[1].year100_salary = 8020000;
        list[1].year100_401k = 960000;
        list[1].taxRate = 0.39;
    
        strcpy(list[2].name, "Hold, Levon");
        strcpy(list[2].title, "Customer Service");
        list[2].empID = 6;
        list[2].empStatus = -1;
        list[2].year100_salary = 8575000;
        list[2].year100_401k = 1133000;
        list[2].taxRate = 0.39;
    
        strcpy(list[3].name, "Andropov, Picov");
        strcpy(list[3].title, "Shipping Coordinator");
        list[3].empID = 7;
        list[3].empStatus = 1;
        list[3].year100_salary = 4450000;
        list[3].year100_401k = 375000;
        list[3].taxRate = 0.31;
    
        for (i = 4; i < siz; ++i) {
            strcpy(list[i].name, "none");
            strcpy(list[i].title, "none");
            list[i].empID = -1;
            list[i].empStatus = -1;
            list[i].year100_salary = 0;
            list[i].year100_401k = 0;
            list[i].taxRate = 0.0;
        }
        return;
    }
    
    void prntWorker(workerT list[], int siz, int indx) {
        int i = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < siz; ++i) {
            printf("%s ", list[i].name);
            printf("%s ", list[i].title);
            printf("%d ", list[i].empID);
            printf("%d ", list[i].empStatus);
            printf("%d ", list[i].year100_salary);
            printf("%d ", list[i].year100_401k);
            printf("%lf ", list[i].taxRate);
            printf("%d ", list[i].month100_paycheck);
            printf("\n");
        }
        return;
    }
    

    程序输出:

    Buggy, Orson Director/President 1 1 12015000 950000 0.450000 0
    Czechs, Imelda Chief Financial Officer 2 1 8020000 960000 0.390000 1636580
    Hold, Levon Customer Service 6 -1 8575000 1133000 0.390000 40370720
    Andropov, Picov Shipping Coordinator 7 1 4450000 375000 0.310000 -2
    none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 50397953
    none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 2047
    none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 -1
    none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 5505360
    none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 43441
    none none -1 -1 0 0 0.000000 4222855
    

    【讨论】:

    • 谢谢,这成功了!下一步是我计算月薪的时候,这就是它被忽略的原因。
    • @peo965 最好先初始化该字段,这样就不必从默认值计算未使用的记录。
    • 是的,我知道,我只是按照作业的指示进行操作,告诉我们这样做。我的教授处理事情的方式很奇怪。
    猜你喜欢
    • 2011-01-05
    • 2014-07-23
    • 2018-03-26
    • 1970-01-01
    • 2017-04-22
    • 1970-01-01
    • 1970-01-01
    • 2012-02-27
    • 1970-01-01
    相关资源
    最近更新 更多