Python3使用单词+字符拆分列表答案

【问题标题】：Python3 splitting a list using a word+characterPython3使用单词+字符拆分列表
【发布时间】：2020-06-22 10:32:46
【问题描述】：

我有一个列表，如果它与一个单词和一个半列匹配，我想将它的项目拆分为自己的部分。当您查看以下代码和期望的结果时，这将更有意义。

list = [
    'Size: 20inches. Weight: about 1.2kg',
    'Length: pretty long. Body: is plastic.',
    'For all ages. Comes with box'
    ]

期望的结果：

list = [
    'Size: 20inches.',
    'Weight: about 1.2kg',
    'Length: pretty long.', 
    'Body: is plastic.',
    'For all ages. Comes with box'
    ]

【问题讨论】：

标签： python-3.x list split

【解决方案1】：

input_data = [
    'Size: 20inches. Weight: about 1.2kg',
    'Length: pretty long. Body: is plastic.',
    'For all ages. Comes with box',
]

output_data = []

for line in input_data:
    s = re.split('(\w+ *:)', line)  # Split line by '<word>:'
    i = 0
    while i < len(s):
        # This is an empty string. Ignore
        if not s[i]:
            i += 1
            continue
        # We found a 'Key:'. Get the 'Value' and add it to output
        elif s[i].endswith(':') and i+1 < len(s):
            new_item = s[i] + s[i+1]
            i += 2
        # We found a lone string. Add it to output
        else:
            new_item = s[i]
            i += 1
        output_data.append(new_item.strip())

print(output_data)

输出：

['Size: 20inches.',
 'Weight: about 1.2kg',
 'Length: pretty long.',
 'Body: is plastic.',
 'For all ages. Comes with box']

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

使用split()：

x_lst = [
    'Size: 20inches. Weight: about 1.2kg',
    'Length: pretty long. Body: is plastic.'
    ]

print([x.split('. ') for x in x_lst])

输出：

[['Size: 20inches', 'Weight: about 1.2kg'], ['Length: pretty long', 'Body: is plastic.']]

编辑：

如果你想要一个扁平化的列表：

 res = [x.split('. ') for x in x_lst]
 print([item for items in res for item in items])

输出：

['Size: 20inches', 'Weight: about 1.2kg', 'Length: pretty long', 'Body: is plastic.']

编辑 2：

我看到您使用新的输入更改了所需的输出：

res = [x.split('. ') if x != x_lst[-1] else [x] for x in x_lst]     
print([item for items in res for item in items])

输出：

['Size: 20inches', 'Weight: about 1.2kg', 'Length: pretty long', 'Body: is plastic.', 'For all ages. Comes with box']

【讨论】：

如果'For all ages. Comes with box' 不是列表中的最后一项，这将不起作用。所以这只是一个适用于特定输入的 hacky 解决方案。此外，您丢失了字符串末尾的点，这可能没什么大不了，但显然不是 OP 想要的。
@Asocia 最后的 EDIT 2，涵盖了这种情况。
不，它没有。尝试在输入中再添加一项。您会看到'For all ages. Comes with box' 将被拆分为 2 个项目。