很高兴你问...嗯,String#shatter 来自Facets。我不喜欢它,因为它是使用诡计实现的(看看源代码,这是很聪明的诡计,但如果你的字符串实际上包含 "\1" 怎么办?)。
所以我推出了自己的。这是你得到的:
"oruh43451rohcs56oweuex59869rsr".unjoin(/\d+/)
# => ["oruh", "43451", "rohcs", "56", "oweuex", "59869", "rsr"]
下面是实现:
class Object
def unfold(&f)
(m, n = f[self]).nil? ? [] : n.unfold(&f).unshift(m)
end
end
class String
def unjoin(rx)
unfold do |s|
next if s.empty?
ix = s =~ rx
case
when ix.nil?; [s , ""]
when ix == 0; [$&, $']
when ix > 0; [$`, $& + $']
end
end
end
end
(底部更详细的版本)
以下是一些正在处理的极端情况的示例:
"".unjoin(/\d+/) # => []
"w".unjoin(/\d+/) # => ["w"]
"1".unjoin(/\d+/) # => ["1"]
"w1".unjoin(/\d+/) # => ["w", "1"]
"1w".unjoin(/\d+/) # => ["1", "w"]
"1w1".unjoin(/\d+/) # => ["1", "w", "1"]
"w1w".unjoin(/\d+/) # => ["w", "1", "w"]
就是这样,还有更多……
或者,如果您不喜欢使用内置类...好吧,您可以使用 Refinements...但如果您真的不喜欢它,这里是函数:
def unfold(x, &f)
(m, n = f[x]).nil? ? [] : unfold(n, &f).unshift(m)
end
def unjoin(s, rx)
unfold(s) do |s|
next if s.empty?
ix = s =~ rx
case
when ix.nil?; [s , ""]
when ix == 0; [$&, $']
when ix > 0; [$`, $& + $']
end
end
end
我还想到,可能并不总是清楚哪些是分隔符,哪些是分隔位,所以这里有一个小补充,可以让您使用#joint? 查询一个字符串以了解它在拆分之前所扮演的角色:
class String
def joint?
false
end
class Joint < String
def joint?
true
end
end
def unjoin(rx)
unfold do |s|
next if s.empty?
ix = s =~ rx
case
when ix.nil?; [s, ""]
when ix == 0; [Joint.new($&), $']
when ix > 0; [$`, $& + $']
end
end
end
end
这里正在使用:
"oruh43451rohcs56oweuex59869rsr".unjoin(/\d+/)\
.map { |s| s.joint? ? "(#{s})" : s }.join(" ")
# => "oruh (43451) rohcs (56) oweuex (59869) rsr"
您现在可以轻松地重新实现split 和scan:
class String
def split2(rx)
unjoin(rx).reject(&:joint?)
end
def scan2(rx)
unjoin(rx).select(&:joint?)
end
end
"oruh43451rohcs56oweuex59869rsr".split2(/\d+/)
# => ["oruh", "rohcs", "oweuex", "rsr"]
"oruh43451rohcs56oweuex59869rsr".scan2(/\d+/)
# => ["43451", "56", "59869"]
如果你讨厌匹配全局变量和一般的简洁性……
class Object
def unfold(&map_and_next)
result = map_and_next.call(self)
return [] if result.nil?
mapped_value, next_value = result
[mapped_value] + next_value.unfold(&map_and_next)
end
end
class String
def unjoin(regex)
unfold do |tail_string|
next if tail_string.empty?
match = tail_string.match(regex)
index = match.begin(0)
case
when index.nil?; [tail_string, ""]
when index == 0; [match.to_s, match.post_match]
when index > 0; [match.pre_match, match.to_s + match.post_match]
end
end
end
end