如何在不写入控制台的情况下写入日志文件

Question

PowerShell 新手。 具有 Linux、bash 和编程（Java、C、HTML/CSS/JS）方面的一些经验。我刚开始实习。

我得到了一个 PowerShell 脚本来进行基本的磁盘清理。一部分贴在下面。它同时写入控制台和日志文件。我正在清理的一些服务器有数十万个文件。我想通过仅写入日志文件来提高脚本的性能。它通常开始时非常强劲，但一旦控制台输出变得足够大，事情就会开始急剧放缓。

我试图简单地删除 -verbose 标记，但它也没有写入。然后我的理解是“SilentlyContinue”将允许打印记录，但不允许控制台。但是代码已经有 SilentlyContinue 标志了？然后我尝试在一些 for-each 语句中添加 Verbose，但这也不起作用。

我现在只是在兜圈子。

有什么想法或建议吗？

function global:Write-Verbose
(
    [string]$Message
)
{ # check $VerbosePreference variable
    if ( $VerbosePreference -ne 'SilentlyContinue' )
    { Write-Host " $Message" -ForegroundColor 'Yellow' } 
}
Write-Verbose  
$DaysToDelete = 7
$LogDate = get-date -format "MM-d-yy-HH"
$objShell = New-Object -ComObject Shell.Application 
$objFolder = $objShell.Namespace(0xA) 
                    
Start-Transcript -Path C:\Windows\Temp\$LogDate.log
​
#Cleans all code off of the screen.
Clear-Host
​
$Before = Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk | Where-Object { $_.DriveType -eq "3" } | Select-Object SystemName,
@{ Name = "Drive" ; Expression = { ( $_.DeviceID ) } },
@{ Name = "Size (GB)" ; Expression = { "{0:N1}" -f ( $_.Size / 1gb) } },
@{ Name = "FreeSpace (GB)" ; Expression = { "{0:N1}" -f ( $_.Freespace / 1gb ) } },
@{ Name = "PercentFree" ; Expression = { "{0:P1}" -f ( $_.FreeSpace / $_.Size ) } } |
Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-String                      
                    
## Stops the windows update service.
Get-Service -Name wuauserv | Stop-Service -Force -Verbose -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## Windows Update Service has been stopped successfully!
​
## Deletes the contents of windows software distribution.
Get-ChildItem "C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\*" -Recurse -Force -Verbose -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { ($_.CreationTime -lt $(Get-Date).AddDays(-$DaysToDelete)) } |
remove-item -force -Verbose -recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## The Contents of Windows SoftwareDistribution have been removed successfully!
​
## Deletes the contents of the Windows Temp folder.
Get-ChildItem "C:\Windows\Temp\*" -Recurse -Force -Verbose -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { ($_.CreationTime -lt $(Get-Date).AddDays(-$DaysToDelete)) } |
remove-item -force -Verbose -recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## The Contents of Windows Temp have been removed successfully!
​
## Deletes all files and folders in user's Temp folder.
Get-ChildItem "C:\users\$env:USERNAME\AppData\Local\Temp\*" -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { ($_.CreationTime -lt $(Get-Date).AddDays(-$DaysToDelete)) } |
remove-item -force -Verbose -recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## The contents of C:\users\$env:USERNAME\AppData\Local\Temp\ have been removed successfully!
                    
## Remove all files and folders in user's Temporary Internet Files.
Get-ChildItem "C:\users\$env:USERNAME\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\*" -Recurse -Force -Verbose -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { ($_.CreationTime -le $(Get-Date).AddDays(-$DaysToDelete)) } |
remove-item -force -recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## All Temporary Internet Files have been removed successfully!
                    
## Cleans IIS Logs if applicable.
Get-ChildItem "C:\inetpub\logs\LogFiles\*" -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { ($_.CreationTime -le $(Get-Date).AddDays(-60)) } |
Remove-Item -Force -Verbose -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
## All IIS Logfiles over x days old have been removed Successfully!
                  
## deletes the contents of the recycling Bin.
$objFolder.items() | ForEach-Object { Remove-Item $_.path -ErrorAction Ignore -Force -Verbose -Recurse }
## The Recycling Bin has been emptied!
## Starts the Windows Update Service
            
Get-Service -Name wuauserv | Start-Service -Verbose
​
$After = Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk | Where-Object { $_.DriveType -eq "3" } | Select-Object SystemName,
@{ Name = "Drive" ; Expression = { ( $_.DeviceID ) } },
@{ Name = "Size (GB)" ; Expression = { "{0:N1}" -f ( $_.Size / 1gb) } },
@{ Name = "FreeSpace (GB)" ; Expression = { "{0:N1}" -f ( $_.Freespace / 1gb ) } },
@{ Name = "PercentFree" ; Expression = { "{0:P1}" -f ( $_.FreeSpace / $_.Size ) } } |
Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-String
​
## Sends some before and after info for ticketing purposes
Hostname ; Get-Date | Select-Object DateTime
Write-Host "Before: $Before"
Write-Host "After: $After"
​
Write-Verbose ( Get-ChildItem -Path C:\* -Include *.iso, *.vhd, *.vhdx -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | 
    Sort Length -Descending | Select-Object Name, Directory,
    @{Name = "Size (GB)"; Expression = { "{0:N2}" -f ($_.Length / 1GB) } } | Format-Table | 
    Out-String )
​
## Completed Successfully!
Stop-Transcript

Answer 1

您想查看重定向：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_redirection?view=powershell-7.1

它对于记录您的 Catch 输出、将其包装在 ${} 中并指定您的流输出非常有用。例如：${ Write-Verbose ... } 4>&1 3>&1 2>&1 >> $logFile

尽管您拥有的大部分内容看起来都在尝试记录数据以供参考。就像您的之前：之后和最终 Get-ChildItem 声明一样。如果您边做边做，您可以通过管道将Out-File -Append 发送到日志文件。但是由于您将它放在最后一个块中，您可以简单地包装和重定向：

 &{ 
   Write-Host "Before: " $Before 
   Write-Host "After: " $After"

   Get-ChildItem -Path C:\* -Include *.iso, *.vhd, *.vhdx -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | 
   Sort Length -Descending | Select-Object Name, Directory,
   @{Name = "Size (GB)"; Expression = { "{0:N2}" -f ($_.Length / 1GB) } } | Format-Table | 
   Out-String
} *> C:\FilePath\File.txt

请注意，您甚至不需要将 Get-ChildItem 包装在 Write-Verbose 语句中。获取输出到控制台的 cmdlet，在使用重定向时只会将输出写入文件。唯一需要发出 Write 语句的情况是添加文本字符串/插入数据。

在不相关的说明中，我看到了一个 DRY 机会。你之前和之后的陈述是相同的。在返回语句的文件顶部放置一个函数，这样您就可以将 $Before 和 $After 变量分配给返回输出。