使用 struct Array 实现 Swift/iOS searchBar 时遇到问题答案

【问题标题】：Trouble implementing Swift/iOS searchBar with struct Array使用 struct Array 实现 Swift/iOS searchBar 时遇到问题
【发布时间】：2020-05-09 18:22:59
【问题描述】：

我有一个结构数组，我用它来填充我的表格视图。但我无法让我的 searchBar 正常工作。我最初的 searchBar 代码是在我使用更“基本”的数组时创建的。转换为 struct 后，它不再起作用。我从 Xcode 收到 3 个错误。我已经用 //

import UIKit

struct Material {
    var name : String
    var lbft : String
    var gcm : String
}

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBOutlet weak var searchBar: UISearchBar!

    @IBOutlet var tableView: UITableView!

    let materialData = [
        Material(name: "Acetaminohen Powder, Unmilled",    lbft: "43",    gcm: "0.688794"),
        Material(name: "Acetylene Black, 100% Compressed",    lbft: "35",    gcm: "0.560646"),
        Material(name: "Acetylsalicyic Acid",    lbft: "20",    gcm: "0.320369"),
        Material(name: "Acrylamide",    lbft: "34",    gcm: "0.54463"),
        Material(name: "Acrylic Granules, Coarse",    lbft: "40",    gcm: "0.64"),
        Material(name: "Acrylic Granules, Fine",    lbft: "36",    gcm: "0.58"),
        Material(name: "Acrylonitrile Butadien Styrene (Abs) Resin",    lbft: "50",    gcm: "0.8"),
        Material(name: "Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (Abs) Granules",    lbft: "36",    gcm: "0.58"),
        Material(name: "Activated Alumina",    lbft: "42.5",    gcm: "0.68"),
        Material(name: "Activated Carbon",    lbft: "32.5",    gcm: "0.52"),
        Material(name: "Actylene Black",    lbft: "45.5",    gcm: "0.73"),
        Material(name: "Aero Xanthates",    lbft: "112.5",    gcm: "1.8"),
        Material(name: "Aerolyte",    lbft: "51",    gcm: "0.82"),
        Material(name: "Aerosil, Fumed Silica",    lbft: "32",    gcm: "0.51"),
        Material(name: "Aerosil, Silicon Dioxide",    lbft: "30",    gcm: "0.48"),
        Material(name: "Alaluren",    lbft: "112",    gcm: "1.79")]

    var searchMaterial = [String]()
    var searching = false

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        tableView.delegate = self
        tableView.dataSource = self
    }
}

extension ViewController: UITableViewDelegate {

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        tableView.deselectRow(at: indexPath, animated: true)
    }
}

extension ViewController: UITableViewDataSource {

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        if searching {
            return searchMaterial.count
        } else {
            return materialData.count
        }
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "cell", for: indexPath)
        cell.textLabel?.numberOfLines = 0
        if searching {
            cell.textLabel?.text = searchMaterial[indexPath.row]
        } else {
            cell.textLabel?.text = materialData[indexPath.row] // <-- ERROR Cannot assign value of type 'Material' to type 'String'
        }
        return cell
    }

}

extension ViewController: UISearchBarDelegate {
    func searchBar(_ searchBar: UISearchBar, textDidChange searchText: String) {
        searchBar.setShowsCancelButton(true, animated: true)
        searchMaterial = materialData.filter({$0.prefix(searchText.count) == searchText}) // <-- ERROR Cannot assign value of type '[Material]' to type '[String]'
                                                                                          // <-- ERROR Value of type 'Material' has no member 'prefix'
        searching = true
        tableView.reloadData()

    }

    func searchBarCancelButtonClicked(_ searchBar: UISearchBar) {
        searchBar.setShowsCancelButton(false, animated: true)
        searching = false
        searchBar.text = ""
        tableView.reloadData()

    }

}

【问题讨论】：

标签： ios arrays swift tableview searchbar

【解决方案1】：

没有

materialData[0] etc...

声明你的数组，例如

var searchMaterial:[String] = []

然后你可以像访问它

searchMaterial[indexPath.row]

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

1) cell.textLabel?.text = materialData[indexPath.row] materialData[indexPath.row] 将为您提供一个 Material 类型的对象，而不是字符串。不确定您期望什么价值。但是改成

materialData[indexPath.row].name

2) searchMaterial = materialData.filter({$0.prefix(searchText.count) == searchText}) //

改成

   var searchMaterial:[Material] = []
   searchMaterial = materialData.filter { $0.name.contains(searchText) }

【讨论】：

第一个建议解决了相关的错误。谢谢！然而，第二个返回了相同的错误：/
var searchMaterial:[Material] = [] - 将searchMaterial的类型改为与materialData一致

【解决方案3】：

嗨，肖恩，我相信我已经解决了这个问题，

tableView 委托函数中的所有内容都是正确的

确保在顶层创建这个变量

var searchMaterial = [Material]()

然后将其添加到您的 searchBar 函数中：

 func searchBar(_ searchBar: UISearchBar, textDidChange searchText: String) {
    guard !searchText.isEmpty else {
        searchMaterial = materialData
        tableView.reloadData()
        return // When no items are typed, load your array still 

    }
    searchMaterial = materialData.filter({ (Material) -> Bool in
        Material.title.lowercased().contains(searchText.lowercased())
 })
    searchBar.setShowsCancelButton(true, animated: true)
    searching = true
    tableView.reloadData()

希望这有帮助！！！

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

您想通过name 进行搜索吗？如果是这样，您可以像这样修复第二个ERROR：

searchMaterial = materialData
    .map({ $0.name }) // convert to [String]
    .filter { $0.hasPrefix(searchText) } // search

第一个可以这样固定：

cell.textLabel?.text = materialData[indexPath.row].name

【讨论】：