Psych::BadAlias: Unknown alias: 1 when running rake jobs:work

Question

当我使用 rake jobs:work 启动作业服务器时，我的应用程序发生了一些奇怪的事情。 rails 网络服务器启动正常。我注意到诸如this one 之类的线程，但是 1）它不是完全相同的错误消息，一个似乎更直接，并且 2）答案没有产生任何不同的结果。

这是我的堆栈跟踪 -

rake aborted!
Psych::BadAlias: Unknown alias: 1
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/psych_ext.rb:77:in `visit_Psych_Nodes_Mapping'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/psych_ext.rb:35:in `visit_Psych_Nodes_Mapping'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/psych_ext.rb:35:in `visit_Psych_Nodes_Mapping'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/psych_ext.rb:17:in `load_dj'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/backend/base.rb:85:in `payload_object'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/backend/base.rb:74:in `name'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:245:in `job_say'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:272:in `handle_failed_job'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:213:in `block in run'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:61:in `block in initialize'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:66:in `execute'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:40:in `run_callbacks'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:213:in `rescue in run'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:202:in `run'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:280:in `block in reserve_and_run_one_job'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:61:in `block in initialize'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:66:in `execute'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:40:in `run_callbacks'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:280:in `reserve_and_run_one_job'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:187:in `block in work_off'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:186:in `times'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:186:in `work_off'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:150:in `block (4 levels) in start'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:149:in `block (3 levels) in start'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:61:in `block in initialize'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:66:in `execute'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:40:in `run_callbacks'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:148:in `block (2 levels) in start'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:147:in `loop'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:147:in `block in start'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/plugins/clear_locks.rb:7:in `block (2 levels) in <class:ClearLocks>'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:79:in `block (2 levels) in add'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:61:in `block in initialize'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:79:in `block in add'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:66:in `execute'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/lifecycle.rb:40:in `run_callbacks'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/worker.rb:146:in `start'
/Users/ccromar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/delayed_job-4.0.6/lib/delayed/tasks.rb:9:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

Answer 1

ruby 从2.1.5 升级到2.3.8 后，我遇到了同样的问题。那是可以使用 rails 4.1.8 运行的最新 ruby​​ 版本。

升级到最新版本的delayed_job 没有帮助。还尝试在我的Gemfile 中指定psych gem 的降级版本。这样做效果不佳。

真正的问题是，如果作业解析阶段出现错误，则delayed_job 不会更新last_error 列。

所以我只是检查了所有作业并检查是否可以解析：

failing_jobs = []

Delayed::Job.find_each do |job|
  begin
    # this code is from dj source https://github.com/collectiveidea/delayed_job/blob/master/lib/delayed/psych_ext.rb#L15
    yaml = job.handler
    result = Psych.parse(yaml)
    result ? Delayed::PsychExt::ToRuby.create.accept(result) : result
  rescue Psych::BadAlias => e
    failing_jobs << job    
  end
end

在我的情况下，大约 3k 中的 6 个工作可以安全删除，所以我很幸运 :)

参考：

https://github.com/collectiveidea/delayed_job/pull/867

https://github.com/collectiveidea/delayed_job_mongoid/pull/65