遍历文件夹并仅复制符合特定条件的文件

Question

我正在编写一个程序，将所需的某些文件从一个文件夹复制到另一个文件夹。但是，我只希望它复制符合某些条件的文件，更具体地说，它应该只复制不在禁止文件、禁止扩展名或禁止文件夹列表中的文件，这些文件存储在这样的数组中：

Public BannedExtensions As String() = {".bak", ".bak2", ".cry", ".max", ".psd", 
       "log", ".lib", "pdb", ".exp"}
Public BannedFolders As String() = {"Tools", "Editor", "Code", "LogBackups",
       "statoscope", "BinTemp", "USER", "rc"}
Public BannedFiles As String() = {"Editor.exe", "error.bmp", "error.dmp", 
       "luac.out", "tags.txt"}

然后代码应该将它们移动到一个临时目录，然后将它们压缩并保存到存储在File_Name 变量中的位置。

这是我的整个代码：

Option Strict On
Public Class Form1

    'define the two variables used for tracking file name and where to save'
    Private Property Root_Folder As String
    Private Property File_Name As String

    'define the variable which dictates wether we copy the file
    Private Property copy As Boolean

    'define which files we need and do not need'
    Public BannedExtensions As String() = {".bak", ".bak2", ".cry", ".max", ".psd", "log", ".lib", "pdb", ".exp"}
    Public BannedFolders As String() = {"Tools", "Editor", "Code", "LogBackups", "statoscope", "BinTemp", "USER", "rc"}
    Public BannedFiles As String() = {"Editor.exe", "error.bmp", "error.dmp", "luac.out", "tags.txt"}

    Function Copy_RequiredFiles() As Integer
        Dim i As Integer = 0

        'Searches directory and it's subdirectories for all files, which "*" stands for
        'Say for example you only want to search for jpeg files... then change "*" to "*.jpg"  
        For Each filename As String In IO.Directory.GetFiles(Root_Folder, "*", IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories)

            copy = True

            Dim fName As String = IO.Path.GetFileName(filename)
            Dim fExtension As String = IO.Path.GetExtension(filename)
            Dim fFolder As String = IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(filename)

            For i = 0 To BannedExtensions.Length - 1
                If fExtension = BannedExtensions(i) Then
                    RichTextBox1.Text = RichTextBox1.Text & vbNewLine & "Extension: " & filename
                    copy = False
                End If
            Next
            If copy = True Then
                i = 0
                For i = 0 To BannedFolders.Length - 1
                    If filename = BannedFolders(i) Or BannedFolders(i).Contains(filename) Then
                        RichTextBox1.Text = CStr(CBool(RichTextBox1.Text & vbNewLine & "Folder: " &
                        copy) = False)
                    End If
                Next
                If copy = True Then
                    i = 0
                    For i = 0 To BannedFiles.Length - 1
                        If filename = BannedFolders(i) Or BannedFolders(i).Contains(filename) Then
                            RichTextBox1.Text = RichTextBox1.Text & vbNewLine & "Folder: " & filename
                            copy = False
                        End If
                    Next
                End If
            End If
            If copy = True Then
                'copy the file into the selected folder'
            End If
        Next
        Return 0
    End Function

    'when the browse button for selecting the folder is selected'
    Private Sub Browse_Root_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Browse_Root.Click
        'check if the folder dialogue has been opened successfully and something has been selected'
        If FolderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK Then '
            'set the textbox and the previously defined variable to the folder selected'
            TextBox1.Text = FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath
            Root_Folder = FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath
        End If
    End Sub

    'when the browse button for where to save the file is selected'
    Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
        'set the options to limit the save type to a zip file'
        SaveFileDialog1.Filter = "zip files (*.zip)|*.zip"
        'check that the dialogue box has opened succesfully'
        If SaveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK Then
            'set the text box and the previously defined variable to the file selected'
            TextBox2.Text = SaveFileDialog1.FileName()
            File_Name = SaveFileDialog1.FileName()
        End If
    End Sub

    'when the user changes the value of the textbox update the folder to select from'
    Private Sub TextBox1_TextChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles TextBox1.TextChanged
        Root_Folder = TextBox1.Text
    End Sub

    'when the user changes the value of the textbox update the file to save to'
    Private Sub TextBox2_TextChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles TextBox2.TextChanged
        File_Name = TextBox2.Text
    End Sub

    Private Sub Button2_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
        Copy_RequiredFiles()
    End Sub
End Class


'when the browse button for selecting the folder is selected'
Private Sub Browse_Root_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Browse_Root.Click
    'check if the folder dialogue has been opened successfully and something has been selected'
    If FolderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK Then '
        'set the textbox and the previously defined variable to the folder selected'
        TextBox1.Text = FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath
        Root_Folder = FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath
    End If
End Sub

'when the browse button for where to save the file is selected'
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
    'set the options to limit the save type to a zip file'
    SaveFileDialog1.Filter = "zip files (*.zip)|*.zip"
    'check that the dialogue box has opened succesfully'
    If SaveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK Then
        'set the text box and the previously defined variable to the file selected'
        TextBox2.Text = SaveFileDialog1.FileName()
        File_Name = SaveFileDialog1.FileName()
    End If
End Sub

'when the user changes the value of the textbox update the folder to select from'
Private Sub TextBox1_TextChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles TextBox1.TextChanged
    Root_Folder = TextBox1.Text
End Sub

'when the user changes the value of the textbox update the file to save to'
Private Sub TextBox2_TextChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles TextBox2.TextChanged
    File_Name = TextBox2.Text
End Sub

Private Sub Button2_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
    Copy_RequiredFiles()
End Sub
End Class

我有几个问题，

首先，这就是为什么当我运行程序并打印它发现它不应该复制的文件时，它没有显示循环中第二个或第三个 if 语句的任何内容。

第二个是在复制到临时文件时如何保留文件夹结构。

第三个问题是，压缩这个临时文件夹的最佳方法是什么。

提前致谢， 马库斯

Answer 1

一种方法是在列表中使用自定义类来保存信息：

Class myFile
   ' to do all the things you want ("preserve folder struct"),
   ' you need more than a name in a textbox:
   Public Property FileName As String
   Public Property FileExt As String
   Public Property PathName As String

   ' cant create a new obj without the essential info
   Public Sub New(fName As String, fExt as String, pName As String)
      FileName = fName
      FileExt = fExt
      PathName = pName
   End SUb

End Class

或者，与其重新创建轮子，不如使用System.IO.FileInfo 并更改您迭代文件的方式。然后是一个存储这些东西的列表：

Friend myFileList As List(of myFile)
' or
Friend myFileList As List(of FileInfo)

迭代保存到列表（myFile）：

Dim myF As MyFile
For Each filename As String In IO.Directory.GetFiles

    ' if BannedFiles is a List(Of String) instead of an array:
    If BannedFiles.Contains(f.Extension) = False Then
         ' create NEW file object with the info 
         myF = New MyFile(IO.Path.GetFileName(filename),
                          IO.Path.GetExtension(filename),
                          IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(filename))
         ' add to the list of files to do
         myFileList.Add(f)
    End If

    If myFileList.Contains(f) = False Then         ' better version of Copy=true
        For n As Integer = 0 To BannedFoldersLIST.Count - 1
           If f.FullPath.Contains(BannedFoldersLIST(n)) = False Then

              ' create a new file object as above
                myFileList.Add(f)              ' add for folder ban
           End If
        Next n
    End If

    ' repeat for banned extensions  (watch out for "." vs no dot)

   Return myFileList             ' mine is a function returning
                                 ' a List(Of T) to be processed elsewhere

这比复制和粘贴的代码更具概念性。由于您想对结果做几件事，最好将它们保存在 TextBox 以外的其他地方。 VS 会很乐意用鼠标向您显示列表中的内容。

根据 Banned 字符串是完整名称还是部分名称，文件夹测试需要工作。更大的一点是 List 对象会告诉您是否已经使用 .Contains 而不是全局标志存储了一个项目。 List(Of FileInfo) 或 List(Of myFileClass) 都可以。后者将保留更多您拥有的代码。