在 Vim 中修改行匹配模式和所有以字符开头的行

Question

我必须在与模式（例如字符串“foo”）匹配的行前面加上字符“*”以及以下所有以“+”开头的行。

在我正在处理的文件中，语法使用“+”作为一行的第一个字符，表示该行是前一行的一部分，例如：

this is a command line continuing through next lines and containing foo
+ this line continues the preciding one with other commands
+ this line continues the preciding one with other commands
this is a new command line
this is another command line

修改后的文字应该变成：

*this is a command line continuing through next lines and containing foo
*+ this line continues the preciding one with other commands
*+ this line continues the preciding one with other commands
this is a new command line
this is another command line

---

更简单的例子：

gas
foo
+ abc
+ def
+ ghi
bar
+ qwe
+ rty
baz
foo
bor

变成：

gas
*foo
*+ abc
*+ def
*+ ghi
bar
+ qwe
+ rty
baz
*foo
bor

Answer 1

您可以根据正则表达式模式选择行范围。有点

:/foo/;/^[^+]/-1 s/^/\*

这里我们选择从包含“foo”的行开始，直到（并排除）不以“plus”开头的行。然后简单地将“行首”替换为文字“星号”。

当然，这是一个简化的例子，所以正则表达式有点脆弱。

要重新执行上次执行的命令，您可以按 @: （然后按 @@ )。

Answer 2

我创建了一个函数，它可以输出包含该模式的行，但保留已注释的行。它还检查行继续是否包含模式。

function! Comment(pattern) abort
  let start_line = line('.')
  let s:foo = 0

  while search(a:pattern)
    if line('.') == start_line
      if s:foo
        break
      else
        let s:foo = 1
      endif
    endif

    if getline('.') =~ '^\*'
      continue
    endif

    let f = getline('.') =~ '^+'
    s/.*/\*&
    let l = line('.')
    let i = 0


    " " This commented block is for matching lines above pattern
    "
    " while getline(l-i) =~ '^+'
    "   normal! k
    "   s/.*/\*&
    "   let i += 1
    " endwhile
    "
    " if f
    "   normal! k
    "   s/.*/\*&
    " endif
    "
    " execute ':'.l

    let i = 1
    while getline(l+i) =~ '^+'
      normal! j
      s/.*/\*&
      let i += 1
    endwhile

  endwhile
endfunction

:call Comment("foo")的效果：

BEFORE | AFTER
-------|---------
foo    |  *foo
gas    |  gas
foo    |  *foo
+ abc  |  *+ abc
+ def  |  *+ def
+ foo  |  *+ foo
+ ghi  |  *+ ghi
bar    |  bar
+ qwe  |  + qwe
+ rty  |  + rty
baz    |  baz
fab    |  fab
foo    |  *foo
bor    |  bor
hello  |  hello
+ foo  |  *+ foo
abc    |  abc
*foo   |  *foo
*+ g   |  *+ g