使用完整路径时，pyenv virtualenv 激活不起作用答案

【问题标题】：pyenv virtualenv activation not work when use full path使用完整路径时，pyenv virtualenv 激活不起作用
【发布时间】：2018-01-16 18:41:51
【问题描述】：

我在 centos 上安装了pyenv，并检查它是否工作。

# curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
104  2099  104  2099    0     0  14121      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 18575
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 4531, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (1831/1831), done.
remote: Total 4531 (delta 3252), reused 3506 (delta 2419), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (4531/4531), 1019.80 KiB, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (3252/3252), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-doctor/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 18, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (11/11), done.
remote: Total 18 (delta 5), reused 14 (delta 4), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (18/18), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-installer/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 22, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (19/19), done.
remote: Total 22 (delta 4), reused 13 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (22/22), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-update/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 7, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
remote: Total 7 (delta 1), reused 3 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (7/7), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 478, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (309/309), done.
remote: Total 478 (delta 313), reused 271 (delta 144), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (478/478), 259.55 KiB, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (313/313), done.
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-which-ext/.git/
remote: Counting objects: 20, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (12/12), done.
remote: Total 20 (delta 2), reused 14 (delta 1), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (20/20), done.

WARNING: seems you still have not added 'pyenv' to the load path.

# Load pyenv automatically by adding
# the following to ~/.bash_profile:

export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
[root@localhost ~]# export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
[root@localhost ~]# eval "$(pyenv init -)"
[root@localhost ~]# eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# pyenv
pyenv 1.2.1
Usage: pyenv <command> [<args>]

Some useful pyenv commands are:
   commands    List all available pyenv commands
   local       Set or show the local application-specific Python version
   global      Set or show the global Python version
   shell       Set or show the shell-specific Python version
   install     Install a Python version using python-build
   uninstall   Uninstall a specific Python version
   rehash      Rehash pyenv shims (run this after installing executables)
   version     Show the current Python version and its origin
   versions    List all Python versions available to pyenv
   which       Display the full path to an executable
   whence      List all Python versions that contain the given executable

See `pyenv help <command>' for information on a specific command.
For full documentation, see: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv#readme

安装了新版本的python。

# pyenv install 2.7.13
Downloading Python-2.7.13.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tar.xz
Installing Python-2.7.13...
WARNING: The Python readline extension was not compiled. Missing the GNU readline lib?
WARNING: The Python bz2 extension was not compiled. Missing the bzip2 lib?
WARNING: The Python sqlite3 extension was not compiled. Missing the SQLite3 lib?
Installed Python-2.7.13 to /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13

创建虚拟环境。

# pyenv virtualenv 2.7.13 myenv
Collecting virtualenv
  Using cached virtualenv-15.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-15.1.0
New python executable in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.13/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages

当激活myenv 时，它工作正常。

# pyenv activate myenv
pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.
(myenv) [root@localhost ~]# source deactivate
pyenv-virtualenv: deactivate 2.7.13/envs/myenv

当我使用完整路径时，它会报错。

[root@localhost ~]# which pyenv
/root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv
[root@localhost ~]# /root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv activate myenv

Failed to activate virtualenv.

Perhaps pyenv-virtualenv has not been loaded into your shell properly.
Please restart current shell and try again.

我可以使用pyenv 进行测试，但是当我必须在ansible 中使用pyenv 时，我必须提供完整路径为/root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv。

【问题讨论】：

标签： python virtualenv pyenv

【解决方案1】：

使用 pyenv 时，您需要引用要运行的版本。试试这样的：

/root/.pyenv/versions/myenv/bin/python

假设您的 PYENV_ROOT 环境变量设置为 /root/.pyenv/

当你以这种方式执行 python 时，它就像激活 virtualenv，同时抓取你在 virtualenv 中安装的任何库。

开始一个全新的环境：

host:~ user$ pyenv virtualenv 2.7.12 myenv
Collecting virtualenv
  Downloading virtualenv-15.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.8MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.8MB 744kB/s
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-15.1.0
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
New python executable in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
Ignoring indexes: https://pypi.python.org/simple
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pip in /Users/user/.pyenv/versions/2.7.12/envs/myenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages

激活虚拟环境，显示默认没有安装requests。安装它。

host:~$ pyenv activate myenv
pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.
(myenv) host:~ $ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 15 2016, 12:49:19)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named requests
>>>
(myenv) host:~$ pip install requests
Collecting requests
  Downloading requests-2.18.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (88kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 2.0MB/s
Collecting chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 (from requests)
  Downloading chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 143kB 4.0MB/s
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests)
  Downloading certifi-2017.11.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (330kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 337kB 3.0MB/s
Collecting urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1 (from requests)
  Downloading urllib3-1.22-py2.py3-none-any.whl (132kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 133kB 5.8MB/s
Collecting idna<2.7,>=2.5 (from requests)
  Downloading idna-2.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl (56kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 7.0MB/s
Installing collected packages: chardet, certifi, urllib3, idna, requests
Successfully installed certifi-2017.11.5 chardet-3.0.4 idna-2.6 requests-2.18.4 urllib3-1.22

显示它现在已安装在虚拟环境中：

(myenv) host:~$ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 15 2016, 12:49:19)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>>

停用并显示默认的python是不同的版本：

(myenv) host:~$ pyenv deactivate
host:~$ python
Python 3.5.2 (default, Sep 21 2016, 15:26:09)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.38)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

直接运行myenv virtualenv

host:~$ ~/.pyenv/versions/myenv/bin/python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 15 2016, 12:49:19)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>>

【讨论】：

你能告诉我如何使用这个吗？我试过/root/.pyenv/versions/myenv/bin/python activate myenv，但失败了。
您实际上并没有使用该命令激活环境。这将在该环境范围内运行 python 命令。包括您在其中安装的所有软件包。所以/root/.pyenv/versions/myenv/bin/python 实际上会从你myenv virtualenv 那里运行python。
我明白了，唯一的问题是，使用 ansible command 模块，我无法使用 pyenv，必须使用 /root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv 并且这不适用于激活。
我想我不明白你想在 ansible 中完成什么。也许你可以用你在 ansible 中的内容更新你的 OP。
抱歉造成混淆，但想知道，如果pyenv 指向/root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv，那么pyenv activate myenv 可以正常工作，但是当使用完整路径作为/root/.pyenv/bin/pyenv activate myenv 时不起作用，有什么变化在那？