Conda 创建环境 - 找不到兼容的 Shell

Question

我有一个 bash 脚本，我将在其中创建 conda 虚拟环境并将软件包安装到其中。 目前我们在我的虚拟环境中使用 conda 4.5.12 和 python 3.6。

我正在尝试使用 python 3.6 将 conda 版本升级到 4.9.2。

conda --version
   4.9.2

这是我在脚本中使用的命令

conda create -y --name virtual_env python=3.6

这在下载和提取包步骤期间运行并失败。以下是错误报告

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/exceptions.py", line 1079, in __call__
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/cli/main.py", line 84, in _main
    exit_code = do_call(args, p)
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/cli/conda_argparse.py", line 83, in do_call
    return getattr(module, func_name)(args, parser)
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/cli/main_create.py", line 41, in execute
    install(args, parser, 'create')
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/cli/install.py", line 317, in install
    handle_txn(unlink_link_transaction, prefix, args, newenv)
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/cli/install.py", line 346, in handle_txn
    unlink_link_transaction.execute()
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/core/link.py", line 249, in execute
    self._execute(tuple(concat(interleave(itervalues(self.prefix_action_groups)))))
  File "/root/project/miniconda/lib/python3.9/site-packages/conda/core/link.py", line 712, in _execute
    raise CondaMultiError(tuple(concatv(
conda.CondaMultiError: No compatible shell found!
()

请高手帮忙。

添加脚本简介

#!/bin/bash

set -e

install_conda_for_linux(){
        #
        # Determine Installation Location for non Windows systems
        #
        #Get path where miniconda needs to get installed and remove if anything exixsts already#
        
        downloaded_file=$base_dir/$conda_file
        output_formatted Removing file: $downloaded_file
        rm -f $downloaded_file

        #
        # Download Miniconda
        #
        output_formatted Downloading Miniconda from: $conda_url '\n' Saving file in: $base_dir

        curl -L $conda_url > $base_dir/$conda_file
       
        #
        # Install Miniconda
        #
        rm -rf $install_dir

        bash $base_dir/$conda_file -b -p $install_dir

        #
        # Modify PATH
        #
        conda_path=$install_dir/bin
        export PATH=$conda_path:\$PATH

        conda_version=`conda --version`
       
}


#
# Variables
#

pyversion=3
python_version="3.6.10"
conda_version="4.9.2"
skip_install=$1
base_url='https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda'
virtual_env=venv


#conda_file is only specified for use in messages below on Windows, as it is manual install, which must be done before running this script.
declare -A conda_file_map
conda_file_map[Linux]="Miniconda${pyversion}-py39_${conda_version}-Linux-x86_64.sh"


conda_file=${conda_file_map[${os_type}]}

#
# Installation of conda and its dependencies
#

if [ ${skip_install} != 'true' ];then

    conda_url=${base_url}/${conda_file}

    install_conda_for_linux


    #
    # Create Environment
    #

    output_formatted Creating new virtual environment: $virtual_env for python_version $python_version

    conda create -y -vv --name $virtual_env python=$python_version
   

Answer 1

这是你的错误：

conda_path=$install_dir/bin
export PATH=$conda_path:\$PATH

假设install_dir=/path/to/install，PATH 的起始值为PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin（这是which sh 找到/bin/sh 或/usr/bin/sh 的方式）。

在你运行这个命令之后，由于反斜杠，你没有有PATH=/path/to/install/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin（这是你想要的），但是你有PATH=/path/to/install/bin:$PATH；反斜杠导致将 文字字符串 $PATH 添加到您的变量中，而不是其中包含的字符串。

因此，/bin 和 /usr/bin 不再列在您的 PATH 变量中，因此 which 找不到它们。

---

要解决这个问题，只需制作它：

conda_path=$install_dir/bin
PATH=$conda_path:$PATH

最大的修复是将 \$PATH 更改为 $PATH - 但除此之外，您不需要 export（对环境中已经存在的变量的更改会自动重新导出），并且具有它无缘无故地增加了复杂性。