Selenium with pyvirtualdisplay 无法定位元素

Question

我有一个使用 selenium 登录网站的工作脚本，如下所示：

script.py

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=0, size=(1024, 768))
display.start()

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
actions = webdriver.ActionChains(browser)
browser.get('some_url_I_need')
content = browser.find_element_by_id('content') # Error on this line

通过ssh 在 amazon ubuntu 盒子 上运行该脚本，我在其中安装了 firefox，方法如下： sudo apt-get install firefox

我得到的错误是：

selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: u'Unable to locate element: {"method":"id","selector":"content"}'

如果我也通过ssh 在另一个 ubuntu 机器上运行相同的脚本，它运行良好，没有错误，但我不知道该机器上是如何安装 firefox 的，可能是什么原因导致该错误。是相关的firefox安装以及如何正确安装它以与pyvirtualdisplay和selenium一起使用？

Answer 1

如果网站上有一些动态内容需要等待一段时间 直到您可以检索到希望的元素。尝试以下代码示例：

检查配置

• 您是否为pyvirtualdisplay 安装了后端，例如xvfb 和xephyr？ 如果没有，

  试试：sudo apt-get install xvfb xserver-xephyr

第一次尝试：添加一个简单的time.sleep()

import time
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=0, size=(1024, 768))
display.start()

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
actions = webdriver.ActionChains(browser)
browser.get('some_url_I_need')
time.sleep(5) # sleep for 5 seconds
content = browser.find_element_by_id('content') # Error on this line

第二次尝试：将browser.implicitly_wait(30) 添加到您的 Selenium 网络驱动程序。

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=0, size=(1024, 768))
display.start()

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.implicitly_wait(30) # seconds
actions = webdriver.ActionChains(browser)
browser.get('some_url_I_need')
content = browser.find_element_by_id('content') # Error on this line

Answer 2

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display 

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException

from selenium.common.exceptions import NoAlertPresentException

from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

import unittest, time, re, random

capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy()

capabilities['marionette'] = False

 #display = Display(visible=0, size=(1024, 768))
 #display.start()

driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=capabilities)

driver.implicitly_wait(20)

base_url = "http://xxx.yyy.zzz.aaa/sss/sss-Login/login/main_login.php"

RANDINT = random.random()*10000

verificationErrors = []

driver.get(base_url + "")

username = driver.find_element_by_id("myusername")

username.send_keys("xxxxxxxx")

driver.implicitly_wait(20)

password = driver.find_element_by_id("mypassword")

 #password.send_keys("xxxxzz" + Keys.ENTER)

password.send_keys("xxxxzzc" )

driver.implicitly_wait(20)

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='submit']").click() 


 # Click on category link 


driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='stylefour']/ul/li[3]/a").click()

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='stylefour']/ul/li[1]/a").click()

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='stylefour']/ul[2]/li[4]/a").click

 # Click on sub-category link

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='top']/body/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/ul/li[4]/a/span").click()

 # Click on product image

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='product-collection-image-374']").click()

 # Click Checkout button

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='checkout-button']/span/span").click()

driver.find_element_by_id("billing:firstname").clear()

driver.find_element_by_id("billing:firstname").send_keys("selenium", RANDINT, "_fname")

driver.find_element_by_id("billing:lastname").clear()

driver.find_element_by_id("billing:lastname").send_keys("selenium", RANDINT, "_lname")

 # Click Place Order

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='order_submit_button']").click()



driver.quit()

display.stop()