从构建服务器预处理 T4 模板时出现 FileNotFoundException

【问题标题】：FileNotFoundException when preprocessing T4 templates from build server从构建服务器预处理 T4 模板时出现 FileNotFoundException
【发布时间】：2017-10-20 20:15:06
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试按照 Microsoft 文档 Code Generation in a Build Process 中的说明在我们的构建服务器上重建 T4 模板。什么时候 我构建，模板生成失败并出现错误（完整的 MSBuild 输出 在这个问题的后面）：

错误 MSB4018：“TransformTemplates”任务意外失败。

错误 MSB4018：System.IO.FileNotFoundException：无法加载文件或 程序集'Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0，版本=14.0.0.0， Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' 或其依赖项之一。 系统找不到指定的文件。

我创建了a minimal project that reproduces the problem。剧本 build.cmd 只是执行 MSBuild。当我从我的运行 build.cmd 工作站，构建成功。它只会在构建服务器上失败。

我尝试过的事情：

  • 将 MSBuild 和 Visual Studio 程序集复制到构建服务器，如下所示 由代码生成文档指定。

  • 将 Visual Studio 程序集添加到 GAC。

  • 将VSSDK140Install 环境变量设置为“C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VSSDK\"（因为它是这样设置的 我的工作站）。

  • 将HKLM\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0!InstallDir 设置为 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\IDE\

我试图避免安装 Visual Studio 2015，因为那是一个漂亮的 添加到我们的构建服务器和 Microsoft 文档的大量依赖项 明确表示这应该是可能的。

将程序集复制到 C:\Program Files (x86)

我已将以下文件复制到构建服务器，如 代码中所指定 生成 文档（这些都在Program Files (x86) 文件夹中，因为 这就是它们在我机器上的位置）：

  • $(ProgramFiles)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v*.0\TextTemplating
    • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Sdk.Host.14.0.dll
    • Microsoft.TextTemplating.Build.Tasks.dll
    • Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets
  • $(ProgramFiles)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VSSDK\VisualStudioIntegration\Common\Assemblies\v4.0
    • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.dll
    • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Interfaces.14.0.dll（几个文件）
    • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.VSHost.14.0.dll
  • $(ProgramFiles)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\IDE\PublicAssemblies\
    • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Modeling.14.0.dll

加入 GAC

我看到它尝试加载失败 Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.dll，并且由于该程序集在 我的工作站上的 GAC 我猜这可能是必需的，所以我尝试使用 GAC Manager 添加 Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.dll 给 GAC，但错误是 一样的。

完整的 MSBuild 输出

当我运行build.cmd 时，我得到以下输出：

D:\TTTest>"C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\14.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe" ClassLibrary1.sln /t:Rebuild
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 14.0.25420.1
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Building the projects in this solution one at a time. To enable parallel build, please add the "/m" switch.
Build started 10/20/2017 11:05:16 AM.
Project "D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1.sln" on node 1 (Rebuild target(s)).
ValidateSolutionConfiguration:
  Building solution configuration "Debug|Any CPU".
Project "D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1.sln" (1) is building "D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj" (2) on node 1 (Rebuild target(s)).
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: The "TransformTemplates" task failed unexpectedly. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: File name: 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Sdk.Host.GenericTextTemplatingHost..ctor(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Build.Tasks.TransformTemplatesBase.GetConfiguredTextTemplatingHost() [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Build.Tasks.TransformTemplatesBase.Execute() [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.TaskExecutionHost.Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.ITaskExecutionHost.Execute() [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.TaskBuilder.<ExecuteInstantiatedTask>d__26.MoveNext() [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:  [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: === Pre-bind state information === [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: DisplayName = Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:  (Fully-specified) [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/Bin/ [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: Calling assembly : Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Sdk.Host.14.0, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: === [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: This bind starts in LoadFrom load context. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: WRN: Native image will not be probed in LoadFrom context. Native image will only be probed in default load context, like with Assembly.Load(). [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\14.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe.Config [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Using host configuration file:  [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Post-policy reference: Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0, Version=14.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/Bin/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.DLL. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/Bin/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.DLL. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/Bin/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.EXE. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/Bin/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.EXE. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/Microsoft/VisualStudio/v14.0/TextTemplating/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.DLL. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/Microsoft/VisualStudio/v14.0/TextTemplating/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.DLL. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/Microsoft/VisualStudio/v14.0/TextTemplating/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.EXE. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018: LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/Microsoft/VisualStudio/v14.0/TextTemplating/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0/Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.EXE. [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating\Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets(396,5): error MSB4018:  [D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj]
Done Building Project "D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1\ClassLibrary1.csproj" (Rebuild target(s)) -- FAILED.

Done Building Project "D:\TTTest\ClassLibrary1.sln" (Rebuild target(s)) -- FAILED.


Build FAILED.

【问题讨论】：

    标签： visual-studio visual-studio-2015 msbuild t4 vssdk


    【解决方案1】：

    当我查看文件 Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets 时，发现它使用注册表项来查找包含 dlls 的文件夹：

     <PropertyGroup Condition=" $(IncludeDslT4Settings)=='true' ">
<!-- Path to VS\Common7\IDE -->
<!-- Check the 32bit location first ; if that is empty, use the 64bit location. -->
<VsIdePath>$(Registry:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0@InstallDir)</VsIdePath>
<VsIdePath Condition=" $(VsIdePath) == ''" >$(Registry:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0@InstallDir)</VsIdePath>

<!-- Set the default location for the Dsl Designer install. -->
<DslDesignerInstallPath Condition=" $(DslDesignerInstallPath)=='' ">$(VsIdePath)Extensions\Microsoft\DSL SDK\Dsl Designer\$(VisualStudioVersion)\</DslDesignerInstallPath>

<!-- Add the standard DSL templates folder -->
<IncludeFolders>$(IncludeFolders);$(DslDesignerInstallPath)TextTemplates\</IncludeFolders>

    所以我必须在构建服务器上安装 Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 SDK 和 Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 Visualization & Modeling SDK 以注册 DLL。

    但是，从 Visual Studio 2015 开始，您无需从下载中心安装 Visual Studio SDK。 它作为可选功能包含在 Visual Studio 设置中。因此，如果不安装 Visual Studio，我们就无法安装 Visual Studio SDK。详情请见Visual Studio SDK。

    此外，Daniel's 有一个关于 How to transform T4 templates on build without installing a Visual Studio SDK 的博客，您可以查看是否有帮助。

    【讨论】：

    • 抱歉，我试图理解，当您说“当我们调查时...”时，您是说您在 Microsoft 工作并且您的团队潜心回答这个问题，还是确实您自己的开发团队需要此功能，最终只是在构建服务器上安装了 Visual Studio？
    • 不幸的是，Daniel 的解决方案似乎对我们不起作用，因为我们需要使用 TextTemplatingFilePreprocessor，并且发行说明包括：“使用 'TextTemplatingFilePreprocessor' 禁用 T4 文件的处理，因为它们不受支持由 TextTemplating.exe 根据stackoverflow.com/a/9198532."
    • 该主题已被删除。 AFAIK，在 Visual Studio 之外（在命令提示符或构建过程中）转换此类文件很麻烦。特别是我们不能从VS2015单独安装vs sdk。魔术一直在发生。 Mikayla 为 MonoDevelop IDE 编写了一个干净的逆向工程实现的 T4 引擎：stackoverflow.com/questions/978281/t4-without-visual-studio。你可以看看它是否对你有帮助。
    【解决方案2】：

    问题似乎是.NET 找不到程序集Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.dll。

    因此，在 Visual Studio 安装它们时，我没有将所有内容保存在单独的文件夹中，而是使用了以下文件：

    • C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating
      • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Sdk.Host.14.0.dll
      • Microsoft.TextTemplating.Build.Tasks.dll
      • Microsoft.TextTemplating.targets
    • C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VSSDK\VisualStudioIntegration\Common\Assemblies\v4.0
      • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.14.0.dll
      • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Interfaces.14.0.dll（几个文件）
      • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.VSHost.14.0.dll
    • C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\IDE\PublicAssemblies\
      • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating.Modeling.14.0.dll

    并将它们全部复制到 MSBuild 任务目录中：

    • C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v14.0\TextTemplating

    完成此操作后，.NET 能够找到所需的程序集并转换模板。

    【讨论】：

      猜你喜欢
      • 1970-01-01
      • 2010-09-16
      • 1970-01-01
      • 1970-01-01
      • 1970-01-01
      • 2011-09-08
      • 2011-01-19
      • 2011-10-04
      • 2011-03-19
      相关资源
      最近更新 更多
      热门标签
      Java Python linux javascript Mysql C# Docker 算法 前端 SpringBoot Redis Vue spring 设计模式 .net core .net kubernetes c++ 数据库 数据结构 大数据 js 机器学习 微服务 Android Go 程序员 面试 JVM ASP.net core 云原生 人工智能 后端 PHP git CSS golang k8s Nginx Django mybatis 深度学习 多线程 React 架构 devops 爬虫 云计算 Spring Boot LeetCode