Ada 库 GPR 项目：为什么 gprinstall 不起作用？答案

【问题标题】：Ada library GPR project : why gprinstall does not work?Ada 库 GPR 项目：为什么 gprinstall 不起作用？
【发布时间】：2018-05-21 01:58:50
【问题描述】：

我有一个 GPR 库项目可以成功构建（静态或动态类型在这里不相关）。我知道gprinstall 提供了管理图书馆交付的方法，即：

准备一个 GPR 文件以使用该库
根据原始 GPR（定义的目录）中给出的条件提供库文件（.a 或 .dll）
根据类似条件提供库接口文件

这背后的想法是让用户只“使用”新的 GPR 才能看到接口文件（.ads 例如在 Ada 中）。

但是，我无法让 gprinstall 正常工作。以下命令

E:\DEV\Projets\Ada\LibA>gprinstall --dry-run -p -m -f -P LibA.gpr

只提供：

Install project LibA

-v 详细选项没有提供任何线索。（项目显然已经成功构建，代码文件与理解并不真正相关）

这是我的 GPR 文件：

with "../Production_Options/Production_Options.gpr";
with "../InterfaceA/InterfaceA.gpr";

library project LibA is
   for Source_Dirs       use ("src") & InterfaceA.Interface_Files;
   for Object_Dir        use "obj";
   for Library_Name      use project'Name;
   for Library_Dir       use "Library";
   for Library_Ali_Dir   use "Library_Ali";
   for Library_Src_Dir   use "Public_Interfaces";
   for Library_Interface use (InterfaceA.Interface_Name);
   for Library_Kind      use "static";

   package Install extends Production_Options.Install is
      for Prefix use Production_Options.Install'Prefix & Production_Options.Install.Install_Libs & project'Name;
      for Mode use "dev";
      for Side_Debug use "true";
   end Install;
   -- various renames of Productions_Options
end LibA;

project InterfaceA is

   Interface_Files := (project'Project_Dir & "src");
   Interface_Name  := "InterfaceA";

   for Source_Dirs use ();

end InterfaceA;

我的选项 GPR：

project Production_Options is
   for Source_Dirs use ();
   -- various switches for compiler, builder, clean, binder, ide, linker, namling, pretty printer ...
   package Install is
      Install_Root := "../INSTALL_BUILDS/";
      Install_Exe  := "EXECUTABLES/";
      Install_Libs := "LIBS/";
      Install_Root_Exe  := Install_Root & Install_Exe;
      Install_Root_Libs := Install_Root & Install_Libs;
      for Prefix         use Install_Root;
      for Lib_Subdir     use "BIN";
      for Ali_Subdir     use "ALI";
      for Sources_Subdir use "SRC";
      for Project_Subdir use "GPR";
   end Install;
end Production_Options;

【问题讨论】：

标签： dll shared-libraries static-libraries gnat-gps gprinstall

【解决方案1】：

在尝试了Install 包选项和命令行之后，我终于意识到了一些事情：

GPR 文件中的for Mode use "dev" 选项使gprinstall 工具完全麻木。起初，我在 Adacore (http://docs.adacore.com/gprbuild-docs/html/gprbuild_ug/gnat_project_manager.html#installing-a-library-with-project-files) 上找不到可靠的文档但这里不太清楚https://docs.adacore.com/gprbuild-docs/html/gprbuild_ug/companion_tools.html#installing-with-gprinstall
gprinstall 默认复制所有源（-a 默认激活）。您可以使用命令行开关 -m 进行更改。
Install_Root := "../INSTALL_BUILDS/"; 中指示的文件夹从 GNAT bin 路径开始评估（由于环境变量：PATH=E:\DEV\GNAT\2017\bin;...）
由安装包选项引入的文件夹层次结构适用于多个 gprinstall 交付。我在 Production_Options GPR 的评论部分指出了这一点。

使用这些 GPR：

library project LibA is
   for Source_Dirs       use ("src") & InterfaceA.Interface_Files;
   for Object_Dir        use "obj";
   for Library_Name      use project'Name;
   for Library_Dir       use "Library";
   for Library_Ali_Dir   use "Library_Ali";
   for Library_Src_Dir   use "Public_Interfaces";
   for Library_Interface use (InterfaceA.Interface_Name);
   for Library_Kind      use "static";

   package Install extends Production_Options.Install is
      for Prefix use Production_Options.Install.Install_Root_Libs;

      -- makes gprinstall silent and numb in --dry-run mode ?!
      -- for Mode use "dev";
      for Side_Debug use "true";
   end Install;
   -- various renames of Productions_Options
end LibA;

project Production_Options is
   package Install is
      Install_Root := project'Project_Dir & "../INSTALL_BUILDS/";
      Install_Exe  := "EXECUTABLES/";
      Install_Libs := "LIBS/";
      Install_Root_Exe  := Install_Root & Install_Exe;
      Install_Root_Libs := Install_Root & Install_Libs;
      for Prefix         use Install_Root;
      for Exec_Subdir    use "EXE";
      for Lib_Subdir     use "BIN";
      for Ali_Subdir     use "ALI";
      for Sources_Subdir use "SRC";
      for Project_Subdir use "GPR";
      --
      -- |                      with my settings: |_INSTALL_BUILDS
      -- |_Prefix                                   |_LIBS
      --      |_Exec_Subdir                           |_Exec_Subdir
      --        |_liba                                  |_liba would contain exe if it was an exe project
      --      |_Lib_Subdir                            |_Lib_Subdir
      --         |_liba                                 |_liba contains the .a file
      --      |_Ali_Subdir                            |_Ali_Subdir
      --        |_liba                                  |_liba contains the ali files
      --      |_Sources_Subdir                        |_Sources_Subdir
      --         |_liba                                 |_liba contains the src files
   end Install;
end Production_Options;

gprinstall -m --dry-run -p -f -P LibA.gpr 命令现在可以正常工作了。

这是您可能获得的输出：

E:\DEV\Projets\Ada\LibA>gprinstall -d -m -p -f -P LibA.gpr
Install project LibA
cp E:\DEV\Projets\Ada\InterfaceA\src\InterfaceA.ads E:\DEV\GNAT\INSTALL_BUILDS\LIBS\SRC\liba\interfacea.ads
cp E:\DEV\Projets\Ada\LibA\Library_Ali\interfacea.ali E:\DEV\GNAT\INSTALL_BUILDS\LIBS\ALI\liba\interfacea.ali
cp E:\DEV\Projets\Ada\LibA\Library\libliba.a E:\DEV\GNAT\INSTALL_BUILDS\LIBS\BIN\liba\libliba.a

Project E:\DEV\GNAT\INSTALL_BUILDS\LIBS\GPR\liba\LibA.gpr would be installed

--  This project has been generated by GPRINSTALL GPL 2017 (20170515) (i686-pc-mingw32)
library project LibA is
   type BUILD_KIND is ("default");
   BUILD : BUILD_KIND := external("LIBA_BUILD", "default");
   for Languages use ("Ada");
   case BUILD is
      when "default" =>
         for Source_Dirs use ("../SRC/");
         for Library_Dir use "../BIN/";
         for Library_ALI_Dir use "../ALI/";
         for Library_Kind use "static";
         for Library_Interface use ("interfacea");
   end case;
   for Library_Name use "liba";
   package Naming is
      for dot_replacement use "-";
      for casing use "MixedCase";
      case BUILD is
         when "default" =>
            for body_suffix ("ada") use ".adb";
            for spec_suffix ("ada") use ".ads";
      end case;
   end Naming;
   package Linker is
      case BUILD is
         when "default" =>
            null;
      end case;
   end Linker;
   package Install is
      for Active use "False";
   end Install;
   for Externally_Built use "True";
end LibA;

完整的来源可以在这里找到： https://github.com/LoneWanderer-GH/Samples-GPR-Aggregate-Libs

【讨论】：