如何独立运行回调函数指导matlab

Question

存在带有两个按钮的 MATLAB GUI。每个按钮开始执行从 Com-Port（不同）读取串行数据的无限循环。当我按下一个按钮时，while 循环读取串行端口，但是当我按下下一个按钮时，port1 停止，然后 port2 开始读取，当我停止时port2，port1 正在恢复。所以我的问题是，所有带有 while 循环的回调函数如何能够独立并同时工作..

function samplegui_OpeningFcn(hObject, ~, handles, varargin)



handles.output = hObject;
handles.vec_A=[];
handles.vec_B=[];
handles.vec_C=[];

handles.vec_A_1=[];
handles.vec_B_1=[];
handles.vec_C_1=[];
guidata(hObject, handles);

function open_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % push button1 to receive serial data.

cnt=0;

while 1

       % Getting data  from Serial Port
        get_lines=fgets(handles.se) % getting data from serial port 
           if~isempty(get_lines)
            cnt=cnt+1;   
       if strfind(get_lines,'T')   %Parsing data
       handles.vec_A=[handles.vec_A;[timet newword]];
       plot(handles.vec_A(:,1),handles.vec_A(:,2:end),'r'); % plotting

       % Same follows for parsing and plot vec_B and Vec_C
       drawnow(); % to update the Plots
       end
     end
Pause(.05);


end
guidata(hObject, handles);

function open2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % push button2 to receive serial data.

cnt=0;

while 1

       % Getting data  from Serial Port
        get_lines=fgets(handles.se2) % getting data from serial port2 
           if~isempty(get_lines)
            cnt=cnt+1;   
       if strfind(get_lines,'T')   % Parsing data
       handles.vec_A_1=[handles.vec_A;[timet newword]];
       plot(handles.vec_A_1(:,1),handles.vec_A_1(:,2:end),'r'); % plotting

       % Same follows for parsing and plot vec_B and Vec_C
       drawnow(); % to update the Plots
       end
     end
Pause(.05);


end
guidata(hObject, handles)

Answer 1

您无法在 MATLAB 中执行此操作，因为一次只能执行一个任务。解决这个问题的方法是有一个timer，它以给定的时间间隔监听每个串行端口，并且按钮启动/停止这个计时器。在这种情况下，您不需要带有pause 的while 循环，您只需要一个从串行端口获取数据一次并在每次定时器触发时调用此函数的函数。

%// Function called each time a timer is fired, gets data from specified serial port
function getData(hObject, handles, serialport)
    get_lines = fgets(serialport);

    if isempty(get_lines)
        return
    end

    if strfind(get_lines,'T')
        handles.vec_A = [handles.vec_A; [timet newword]];
        plot(handles.vec_A(:,1),handles.vec_A(:,2:end),'r');
        drawnow();
    end

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

%// And for your button callbacks that will toggle the timers on/off
function open2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

    if ~isfield(handles, 't2') || ~isvalid(handles.t2) || ~handles.t2.Running
        %// Create a timer that checks the serial port twice a second
        handles.t2 = timer('ExecutionMode', 'fixedRate', ...
                           'Period', 0.5, ...
                           'TimerFcn', @(s,e)getData(hObject, handles, handles.se2));

        %// Start the timer
        start(handles.t2);
    else
        %// Stop and destroy the timer
        stop(handles.t2);
        delete(handles.t2);
    end

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

function open_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    if ~isfield(handles, 't1') || ~isvalid(handles.t1) || ~handles.t1.Running
        handles.t1 = timer('ExecutionMode', 'fixedRate', ...
                           'Period', 0.5, ...
                           'TimerFcn', @(s,e)getData(hObject, handles, handles.se1));
        start(handles.t1);
    else
        stop(handles.t1);
        delete(handles.t1);
    end

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

更新

正如 cmets 中的@Hoki 所提到的，您还可以设置串行连接的byteAvailableFcn 属性，该属性会在新数据到达时自动触发（有点异步）。这将使您不必定期轮询串行端口以获取新数据。

function getData(serialport, hObject, handles)
    get_lines = fgets(serialport);

    if strfind(get_lines,'T')
        handles.vec_A = [handles.vec_A; [timet newword]];
        plot(handles.vec_A(:,1),handles.vec_A(:,2:end),'r');
        drawnow();
    end

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

set([handles.se2, handles.se1], 'BytesAvailableFcn', @(s,e)getData(s, hObject, handles);

Answer 2

function samplegui_OpeningFcn(hObject, ~, handles, varargin)

    handles.output = hObject;

    handles.vec_A=[];
    handles.vec_B=[];
    handles.vec_C=[];

    handles.vec_A_1=[];
    handles.vec_B_1=[];
    handles.vec_C_1=[];

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

function getData_1(hObject, handles, serialport)
    get_lines = fgets(handles.se_1);

    if isempty(get_lines)
        return;
    end

    if strfind(get_lines,'T')
        handles.vec_A = [handles.vec_A; [timet newword]];
        plot(handles.axes1,handles.vec_A(:,1),handles.vec_A(:,2:end),'r');
        drawnow();
    end

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

function getData_2(hObject, handles, serialport) 
    figure;
    hold on;
    ax(1)=subplot(3,1,1);
    ax(2)=subplot(3,1,2);
    ax(3)=subplot(3,1,3);

    get_lines = fgets(serialport);

    if isempty(get_lines)
        return
    end

    if strfind(get_lines,'T')
        handles.vec_A_1 = [handles.vec_A; [timet newword]];
        plot(handles.vec_A_1(:,1),handles.vec_A_1(:,2:end),'r');
        drawnow();
    end

    guidata(hObject, handles);
end

function open2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

    if ~isfield(handles, 't2') || ~isvalid(handles.t2) || ~handles.t2.Running
        %// Create a timer that checks the serial port twice a second
        handles.t2 = timer('ExecutionMode', 'fixedRate', ...
                           'Period', 0.5, ...
                           'TimerFcn', @(s,e)getData_2(hObject, handles, handles.se2));

        %// Start the timer
        start(handles.t2);
    else
        %// Stop and destroy the timer
        stop(handles.t2);
        delete(handles.t2);
    end
end

function open1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    if ~isfield(handles, 't1') || ~isvalid(handles.t1) || ~handles.t1.Running

        %// Create a timer that checks the serial port twice a second
        handles.t2 = timer('ExecutionMode', 'fixedRate', ...
                           'Period', 0.5, ...
                           'TimerFcn', @(s,e)getData_2(hObject, handles, handles.se2));

        %// Start the timer
        start(handles.t2);
    else
        %// Stop and destroy the timer
        stop(handles.t2);
        delete(handles.t2);
    end
end

你给出的代码是相似的。添加了while循环，因为它无法在端口连续读取数据。