在 perl 的系统函数中使用命令行中的可选参数

Question

我正在概括一个预先存在的 perl 脚本......即让它同时在多个实例上工作。基本上它是建模脚本的参数扫描功能。扫描只执行一个参数，我希望它全部完成。预先存在的脚本（如果您感兴趣，从 bionetgen 称为 scan_var.pl）有一堆参数 - 其中一些是可选的。

以下以默认设置成功实现参数扫描

#execute the parameter scan with each variable individually

foreach $var_name (@var_names){

    my $param = shift @var_names;
    system ("perl", $scan_var_location, $model, $param, $min_value, $max_value, $NPTS);
}

但现在我想使用GetOpt::Long 模块来解析可选参数。到目前为止，我的代码是：

# some default parameters
my $log     = 0;
my $t_end   = 20;
my $n_steps = 1;
my $steady_state = 0;
my $method = "\"ode\"";
my $verbose = 0;
my $prefix;

my $options = GetOptions ( 
                           'verbose'      => \$verbose, #boolean
                           'log'          => \$log, #boolean
                           'n_steps:i'    => \$n_steps, #integer
                           'steady_state' => \$steady_state, #boolean
                           'method:s'     => \$method, #string
                           't_end:i'      => \$t_end, #integer
                           'prefix:s'     => \$prefix string
                         );

#execute the parameter scan with each variable individually

foreach $var_name (@var_names){ #iterates through a list stored in $var_names(not shown for concise-ness)

    my $param = shift @var_names;

    system ("perl", $scan_var_location, #required value, directory
                    $options, #optional command line arguments - corresponds to the list above
                    $model, #required command line value (directory)
                    $param, #list iterated over
                    $min_value, #requierd integer
                    $max_value, #required integer
                    $NPTS #required integer
           );
}

然而，这在某种程度上是不正确的。有人有更正的建议吗？

干杯

Answer 1

GetOptions() 支持在散列中存储值。这可以让您减少变量混乱：

use Getopt::Long;

my %options;
GetOptions( \%options,
                       'verbose',
                           'log',
                     'n_steps:i',
                  'steady_state',
                      'method:s',
                       't_end:i',
                      'prefix:s',
          );

my $stringified_options = join ' ', map "-$_ $options{$_}", keys %options;

foreach my $var_name ( @var_name ) {

    system ("perl", $scan_var_location,
                    $stringified_options,
                    $model,
                    $param, 
                    $min_value,
                    $max_value,
                    $NPTS
           );
}

Answer 2

一个问题是您可能不想在您的system 调用中使用GetOptions 的返回值。 $options 有返回值：

GetOptions 返回 true 表示成功。它返回 false 时 函数在选项解析期间检测到一个或多个错误。

Answer 3

以下是您的代码的更严格版本：

GetOptions ( 
    'verbose'      => \(my $verbose = 0),        #boolean
    'log'          => \(my $log     = 0),        #boolean
    'n_steps:i'    => \(my $n_steps = 1),        #integer
    'steady_state' => \(my $steady_state = 0),   #boolean
    'method:s'     => \(my $method = q{"ode"}),  #string
    't_end:i'      => \(my $t_end   = 20),       #integer
    'prefix:s'     => \my $prefix,               #string
);

#execute the parameter scan with each variable individually

#iterates through a list stored in $var_names(not shown for concise-ness)
foreach $var_name (@var_names) { 
    system("perl", 
        $scan_var_location,   #required value, directory
        $model,               #required command line value (directory)
        $var_name,            #list iterated over
        $min_value,           #requierd integer
        $max_value,           #required integer
        $NPTS,                #required integer
    );
}