【问题标题】:Frequency response using FFT in MATLAB在 MATLAB 中使用 FFT 的频率响应
【发布时间】:2010-10-22 00:56:49
【问题描述】:

这是场景:使用频谱分析仪,我有输入值和输出值。采样数为32000,采样率为2000samples/sec,输入为50 hz的正弦波,输入为电流,输出为压力,单位为psi。

我如何使用 MATLAB 从这些数据中计算频率响应, 在 MATLAB 中使用 FFT 函数。

我能够生成一个正弦波,它给出幅度和相位角,这是我使用的代码:

%FFT Analysis to calculate the frequency response for the raw data
%The FFT allows you to efficiently estimate component frequencies in data from a discrete set of values sampled at a fixed rate

% Sampling frequency(Hz)
Fs = 2000;   

% Time vector of 16 second
t = 0:1/Fs:16-1;   

% Create a sine wave of 50 Hz.
x = sin(2*pi*t*50);                                                       

% Use next highest power of 2 greater than or equal to length(x) to calculate FFT.
nfft = pow2(nextpow2(length(x))) 

% Take fft, padding with zeros so that length(fftx) is equal to nfft 
fftx = fft(x,nfft); 

% Calculate the number of unique points
NumUniquePts = ceil((nfft+1)/2); 

% FFT is symmetric, throw away second half 
fftx = fftx(1:NumUniquePts); 

% Take the magnitude of fft of x and scale the fft so that it is not a function of the length of x
mx = abs(fftx)/length(x); 

% Take the square of the magnitude of fft of x. 
mx = mx.^2; 

% Since we dropped half the FFT, we multiply mx by 2 to keep the same energy.
% The DC component and Nyquist component, if it exists, are unique and should not be multiplied by 2.

if rem(nfft, 2) % odd nfft excludes Nyquist point
  mx(2:end) = mx(2:end)*2;
else
  mx(2:end -1) = mx(2:end -1)*2;
end

% This is an evenly spaced frequency vector with NumUniquePts points. 
f = (0:NumUniquePts-1)*Fs/nfft; 

% Generate the plot, title and labels. 
subplot(211),plot(f,mx); 
title('Power Spectrum of a 50Hz Sine Wave'); 
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)'); 
ylabel('Power'); 

% returns the phase angles, in radians, for each element of complex array fftx
phase = unwrap(angle(fftx));
PHA = phase*180/pi;
subplot(212),plot(f,PHA),title('frequency response');
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)')
ylabel('Phase (Degrees)')
grid on

我在90度相位角处从相位图中获取频率响应,这是计算频率响应的正确方法吗?

如何将此响应与从分析仪获得的值进行比较?这是一个交叉检查,以查看分析器逻辑是否有意义。

【问题讨论】:

    标签: matlab signal-processing fft


    【解决方案1】:

    乍一看还不错,但你缺少一些东西:

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案2】:

      您应该考虑查看用于计算频率响应的 cpsd() 函数。为您处理各种窗口函数的缩放和标准化。

      频率响应将是

      G = cpsd (output,input) / cpsd (input,input)
      

      然后取angle() 获取输入和输出之间的相位差。

      你的代码 sn-p 没有提到输入和输出数据集是什么。

      【讨论】:

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