R：基于列名的每列不同的应用函数

Question

我有一个结构如下的数据框：

  ID   X1   X2  X3   X4   X5
1  1  grn gerp hrn  asn  bln
2  2 asn   bln hgv  mpl  zwl
3  3  zwl  mpl lwd <NA> <NA>
4  4  bln  asn hrn gerp  grn
5  5  lwd  mpl zwl <NA> <NA>

我目前使用的方法不足以检查一行是否包含以下单词列表中的单词：

wordlist <- c("asn", "bln", "gerp", "grn", "hgv", "hrn", "lwd", "mpl", "zwl")

通过使用下面的方法，如果行 ID 包含行中的单词，我会得到 TRUE 或 FALSE：

newDF <- as.data.frame(DF[,1])
newDF[, wordlist] <- NA

newDF[2] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[1])))
newDF[3] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[2])))
newDF[4] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[3])))
newDF[5] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[4])))
newDF[6] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[5])))
newDF[7] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[6])))
newDF[8] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[7])))
newDF[9] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[8])))
newDF[10] <- apply(DF, 1, function(r) any(r %in%  as.character(wordlist[9]))) 

产生以下数据框：

 DF[, 1]   asn   bln  gerp   grn   hgv   hrn   lwd   mpl   zwl
1       1  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE 
2       2 FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE
3       3 FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE
4       4  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
5       5 FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE

如您所见，这种方法效率很低，尤其是当我必须将此方法应用于更大的 DF 和 400 个单词的词表时。

主要问题：（编辑：已解决）

• 有没有获得相同结果的有效方法？

子问题：

• 是否可以不输出 TRUE 或 FALSE 而是输出 DF 行中单词的索引？

要尝试的数据框：

    > dput(DF)
        structure(list(ID = 1:5, X1 = structure(c(3L, 1L, 5L, 2L, 4L), .Label = c("asn ", "bln", "grn", "lwd", "zwl"), class = "factor"), X2 = structure(c(3L, 2L, 4L, 1L, 4L), .Label = c("asn", "bln", "gerp", "mpl"), class = "factor"), X3 = structure(c(2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 4L), .Label = c("hgv", "hrn", 
    "lwd", "zwl"), class = "factor"), X4 = structure(c(1L, 3L, 
    NA, 2L, NA), .Label = c("asn", "gerp", "mpl"), class = "factor"), X5 = structure(c(1L, 3L, NA, 2L, NA), .Label = c("bln", "grn", 
    "zwl"), class = "factor")), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -5L))

提前致谢！

Answer 1

这是使用 match 的基本 R 选项

t(apply(DF, 1, function(x) sapply(wordlist, function(y) 
    ifelse(is.na(match(y, x)), FALSE, TRUE))))
#       asn   bln  gerp   grn   hgv   hrn   lwd   mpl   zwl
#[1,]  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
#[2,] FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE
#[3,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE
#[4,]  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
#[5,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE

或者获取匹配词的DF的列name

t(apply(DF, 1, function(x) sapply(wordlist, function(y)
    ifelse(match(y, x), paste0("X", match(y, x) - 1), NA))))
#     asn  bln  gerp grn  hgv  hrn  lwd  mpl  zwl
#[1,] "X4" "X5" "X2" "X1" NA   "X3" NA   NA   NA
#[2,] NA   "X2" NA   NA   "X3" NA   NA   "X4" "X5"
#[3,] NA   NA   NA   NA   NA   NA   "X3" "X2" "X1"
#[4,] "X2" "X1" "X4" "X5" NA   "X3" NA   NA   NA
#[5,] NA   NA   NA   NA   NA   NA   "X1" "X2" "X3"

或者获取匹配词的DF中的index列

t(apply(DF, 1, function(x) sapply(wordlist, function(y) match(y, x))))
#     asn bln gerp grn hgv hrn lwd mpl zwl
#[1,]   5   6    3   2  NA   4  NA  NA  NA
#[2,]  NA   3   NA  NA   4  NA  NA   5   6
#[3,]  NA  NA   NA  NA  NA  NA   4   3   2
#[4,]   3   2    5   6  NA   4  NA  NA  NA
#[5,]  NA  NA   NA  NA  NA  NA   2   3   4