python 3.5.0 :::: 魔法广场

Question

我正在尝试构建一个幻方：

幻方是一个分为行和列，每个位置都有一个数字，并且行、列和对角线之和相同的幻方。 示例（3x3 - 从 1 到 9 的数字）：

8 3 4

1 5 9

6 7 2

我尝试使用 3x3 矩阵和具有 9 个索引的向量。

import random
                #j(column)
matriz = [[1, 2, 3],#i(row)
          [4, 5, 6],
          [7, 8, 9]]
res = False
#DEFINE A FUNCTION TO CALCULATE ALL SUMS OF ALL SIDES
def magicsquare():
    if matriz[0][0] + matriz[1][0] + matriz[2][0] == matriz[0][1] + matriz[1][1] + matriz[2][1] == matriz[0][2] + matriz[1][2] + matriz[2][2] == matriz[0][0] + matriz[0][1] + matriz[0][2] == matriz[1][0] + matriz[1][1] + matriz[1][2] == matriz[2][0] + matriz[2][1] + matriz[2][2] == matriz[0][0] + matriz[1][1] + matriz[2][2] == matriz[0][2] + matriz[1][1] + matriz[2][0]:
        return res = True
    else:
        return res = False

#DEFINE A LOOP TO GENERATE RANDOM NUMBER UNTIL FIND THE ONES THAT
#SATISFY THE CONDITIONS OF A MAGIC SQUARE
seq = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
while res == False:
    for i in range(2):
        for j in range(2):
            z = random.choice(seq)
            matriz[i][j] = z
            x = seq.index(z)
            seq[x] = []
    magicsquare()
print (matriz)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
res = False
def magicsquare():
    if vetor[0] + vetor[1] + vetor[2] == vetor[3] + vetor[4] + vetor[5] == vetor[6] + vetor[7] + vetor[8] == vetor[0] + vetor[3] + vetor[6] == vetor[1] + vetor[4] + vetor[7] == vetor[2] + vetor[5] + vetor[8] == vetor[0] + vetor[4] + vetor[8] == vetor[2] + vetor[4] + vetor[6]:
        return res == True
    else:
        return res == False
#        0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8
vetor = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
seq =   [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
if res == False:
    for i in range(8):
        w = random.choice(seq)
        #Replace the value w in index i
        vetor.insert(i, w)
        #Eliminate the valyes already used
        x = seq.index(w)
        seq[x] =[]
    magicsquare()
print (vetor)

结果总是： [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

谁能帮我建立一个幻方并告诉我的代码有什么问题？

使用 Python 3.5.0

Answer 1

你的随机代码是错误的。

>>> 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/xiao/Desktop/ms.py", line 20, in <module>
    magicsquare()
  File "C:/Users/xiao/Desktop/ms.py", line 5, in magicsquare
    if vetor[0] + vetor[1] + vetor[2] == vetor[3] + vetor[4] + vetor[5] == vetor[6] + vetor[7] + vetor[8] == vetor[0] + vetor[3] + vetor[6] == vetor[1] + vetor[4] + vetor[7] == vetor[2] + vetor[5] + vetor[8] == vetor[0] + vetor[4] + vetor[8] == vetor[2] + vetor[4] + vetor[6]:
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'list'
>>> vetor
[9, 4, 8, 2, 3, [], [], [], 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> 

random 模块有一个名为shuffle 的方法用于打乱列表。如果您不知道自己的代码，请使用random.shuffle。

另外，有两种方法可以停止while 循环。第一种方法是在函数magicsquare中更改全局变量res：

def magicsquare():
    global res
    if ...:
        res = True
    else:
        res = False

另一种方法是returnmagicsquare中的条件：

import random

vetor = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

def magicsquare():
    return vetor[0]+vetor[1]+vetor[2]==\
           vetor[3]+vetor[4]+vetor[5]==\
           vetor[6]+vetor[7]+vetor[8]==\
           vetor[0]+vetor[3]+vetor[6]==\
           vetor[1]+vetor[4]+vetor[7]==\
           vetor[2]+vetor[5]+vetor[8]==\
           vetor[0]+vetor[4]+vetor[8]==\
           vetor[2]+vetor[4]+vetor[6]

while not magicsquare():
    random.shuffle(vetor)

print (vetor)

Answer 2

试试我的代码..

box = []

num = [1, 2, 3,
       4, 5, 6,
       7, 8, 9]

val = []

for i in num:
    for j in num:
        for k in num:
            if ((i+j+k) == 15) and i != j and j != k and k != i:
                val.append((i, j, k))


def check_sum(lst: list):
    rtn = []
    res = 0
    lst = lst[0]
    for c in range(3):
        for r in range(3):
            res += lst[r][c]
        if res == 15:
            rtn.append(True)

        else:
            rtn.append(False)

        res = 0

    res = 0

    for x in range(3):
        for y in range(3):
            if x == y:
                res += lst[x][y]

    if res == 15:
        rtn.append(True)

    else:
        rtn.append(False)

    res = 0

    for x in range(3):
        for y in range(3):
            if x+y == 2:
                res += lst[x][y]

    if res == 15:
        rtn.append(True)

    else:
        rtn.append(False)

    return all(rtn)


def is_unique(a, b, c):
    st = set()
    for x in a:
        st.add(x)

    for x in b:
        st.add(x)

    for x in c:
        st.add(x)

    if len(st) == 9:
        return True
    else:
        return False


def print_box(b):
    for row in b[0]:
        print(row)
    print()


for i in val:
    for j in val:
        for k in val:
            if is_unique(i, j, k):
                box.append([i, j, k])
                if check_sum(box):
                    print_box(box)
                if len(box) == 1:
                    box.clear()

输出是：

(2, 7, 6)
(9, 5, 1)
(4, 3, 8)

(2, 9, 4)
(7, 5, 3)
(6, 1, 8)

(4, 3, 8)
(9, 5, 1)
(2, 7, 6)

(4, 9, 2)
(3, 5, 7)
(8, 1, 6)

(6, 1, 8)
(7, 5, 3)
(2, 9, 4)

(6, 7, 2)
(1, 5, 9)
(8, 3, 4)

(8, 1, 6)
(3, 5, 7)
(4, 9, 2)

(8, 3, 4)
(1, 5, 9)
(6, 7, 2)