基本上涉及使用match 几次。使用@Lyngbakr 的数据。
#DATA
df = structure(list(a = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1), b = c(2, 2, 2, 2, 2), c = c(3,
3, 3, 3, 3), A = c(8, 8, 8, 8, 8), C = c(7, 7, 7, 7, 7), B = c(6,
6, 6, 6, 6)), .Names = c("a", "b", "c", "A", "C", "B"), row.names = c(NA,
-5L), class = "data.frame")
df.names = structure(list(First = c("a", "b", "c"), Second = c("A", "B",
"C")), .Names = c("First", "Second"), row.names = c(NA, -3L), class = "data.frame")
toadd = which(colnames(df) %in% df.names[,1])
addto = match(df.names[,2][match(colnames(df)[toadd], df.names[,1])], colnames(df))
setNames(object = df[,addto] + df[,toadd], nm = paste(colnames(df)[toadd], colnames(df)[addto], sep = "/"))
# a/A b/B c/C
#1 9 8 10
#2 9 8 10
#3 9 8 10
#4 9 8 10
#5 9 8 10