Plotly-Python：如何制作有间隙的 y 轴？

Question

感谢original question for Plotly-R。 以下将重点介绍 Python。

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是否可以创建一个绘图条形图，例如来自以下网站的任何图表：plotly.com/r/bar-charts/ 但 Y 轴有间隙（断开）？下面附上一个来自（ggplot2，我相信）的例子：

Answer 1

据我所知，plotly 没有任何内置功能可以做到这一点。但是，如果您：

1. 使用make_subplots(rows=2, cols=1, vertical_spacing = <low>),
2. 将相同轨迹添加到图形位置[1, 1]和[2, 1]，
3. 删除[1, 1] 的 x 轴标签，并且
4. 调整图形位置 [1, 1] 和 [2, 1] 的 y 轴，分别以定义间隔内的所需截止值开始和结束。

剧情：

完整代码：

# imports
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import plotly.express as px
import pandas as pd
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots

# data
df = pd.DataFrame({'years': [1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
                             2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
                             2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012],
                  'China': [219, 146, 112, 127, 124, 180, 236,
                            207, 236, 263,350, 430, 474, 1526,
                            488, 537, 500, 439],
                  'Rest of world': [16, 13, 10, 11, 28, 37,
                                        43, 55, 56, 88, 105, 156, 270,
                                        299, 340, 403, 549, 1499]})
df.set_index('years', inplace = True)

# colors and cut-offs
colors = px.colors.qualitative.Plotly
cut_interval = [600, 1400]

# subplot setup
fig = make_subplots(rows=2, cols=1, vertical_spacing = 0.04)
fig.update_layout(title = "USA plastic scrap exports (...with some made-up values)")

# Traces for [2, 1]
# marker_color=colors[i] ensures that categories follow the same color cycle
for i, col in enumerate(df.columns):
    fig.add_trace(go.Bar(x=df.index,
                    y=df[col],
                    name=col,
                    marker_color=colors[i],
                    legendgroup = col,
                    ), row=2, col=1)

# Traces for [1, 1]
# Notice that showlegend = False.
# Since legendgroup = col the interactivity is
# taken care of in the previous for-loop.
for i, col in enumerate(df.columns):
    fig.add_trace(go.Bar(x=df.index,
                    y=df[col],
                    name=col,
                    marker_color=colors[i],
                    legendgroup = col,
                    showlegend = False,
                    ), row=1, col=1)

# Some aesthetical adjustments to layout
fig.update_yaxes(range=[cut_interval[1], max(df.max()*1.1)], row=1, col=1)
fig.update_xaxes(visible=False, row=1, col=1)
fig.update_yaxes(range=[0, cut_interval[0]], row=2, col=1)

fig.show()