C#逐行解析文本数据

Question

我的项目有问题，让我在这里解释一下，我需要一些专家指导，因为我是编程新手。 我在记事本中有这样的数据：

10192 20351 30473 40499 50449 60234    
10192 20207 30206 40203 50205 60226    
10192 20252 30312 40376 50334 60252

这是 26 行数据，但我仅显示 3 行数据。这是一些按优先级排序的规则：

-我只想读取文本文件然后提取数字。示例：10192 20351 等等。

-我有 6 列 ListView，我想在它的列中显示每一行数字

第 1 列 |第 2 栏 |第 3 栏 |第 4 栏 |第 5 栏 |第6栏

10192   | 20351   | 30473  | 40499  |50449  | 60234

-当然，如果可能的话，每 5 位数字的前 2 位是唯一的代码，我想要的只是最后 3 位。例如：192 351 473 499 234。所以每个数字都将取模 10.000。

我想我让你们很多人感到困惑，对不起，这是我当前的代码

私人委托 void UpdateUiTextDelegate(String Text); 私人无效serial_DataRecieved（对象发送者，System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e） { // 将接收到的字符收集到我们的“缓冲区”（字符串）中。 字符串接收数据； 接收到的数据 = serial.ReadExisting(); Dispatcher.Invoke(DispatcherPriority.Send, new UpdateUiTextDelegate(WriteData), received_data); }

    private void WriteData(String Text)
    {
        if (bufferData != "" || Text[0] == '1')
            bufferData += Text;
        if (bufferData.Length >= 35)
        {
            using (System.IO.StreamWriter file = new System.IO.StreamWriter(@"C:\Users\Rads\Desktop\Training06.txt", true))
            {
                file.WriteLine(bufferData);
            }
            listBox1.Items.Add(bufferData);
            bufferData = "";
        }
    }
    #endregion

    private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {

    }

    //Browse .txt file
    private void Browse_btn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog dlg = new Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog();

        dlg.DefaultExt = ".txt";
        dlg.Filter = "Text document (.txt)|*.txt";

        Nullable<bool> result = dlg.ShowDialog();

        if (result == true)
        {
            string filename = dlg.FileName;
            textBox.Text = filename;
        }
    }

    private void Parsing_String(string filename)
    {
        List<Row> list = new List<Row>();

        foreach (String str in File.ReadLines(filename))
        {
            String[] strCols = str.Split(Convert.ToChar(" "));
            list.Add(new Row()
            {
                Column1 = strCols[0].Substring(2),
                Column2 = strCols[1].Substring(2),
                Column3 = strCols[2].Substring(2),
                Column4 = strCols[3].Substring(2),
                Column5 = strCols[4].Substring(2),
                Column6 = strCols[5].Substring(2),


            });
        }

        dg.ItemsSource = list;
    }

    public class Row
    {
        public string Column1 { get; set; }
        public string Column2 { get; set; }
        public string Column3 { get; set; }
        public string Column4 { get; set; }
        public string Column5 { get; set; }
        public string Column6 { get; set; }

    }

XAML 代码

<Window x:Class="SamplingData.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="368" Width="401" Loaded="Window_Loaded">

<TabControl Height="332" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="tabControl1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="380">
    <TabItem Header="Sampling" Name="Sampling">
        <Grid>
            <Label Content="DATA RECEIVED" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="6,6,0,0" Name="label1" VerticalAlignment="Top" />
            <Button Content="Connect" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="264,6,0,0" Name="ConnectButton" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="Connect_Comms" />
            <ListBox Height="222" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,37,0,0" Name="listBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="329" />
        </Grid>
    </TabItem>
    <TabItem Header="Training" Name="tabItem1">
        <Grid>
            <Button Content="Training" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="243,28,0,0" Name="Train_Btn" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" />
            <Button Content="Browse" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="243,6,0,0" Name="Browse_btn" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="Browse_btn_Click" />
            <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="6,7,0,0" Name="textBox" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="231" Background="{x:Null}"></TextBox>
            <RadioButton Content="RadioButton" Height="16" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="507,76,0,0" Name="radioButton1" VerticalAlignment="Top" />
            <DataGrid x:Name="dg" AutoGenerateColumns="False" Margin="0,57,0,0" DataContext="{Binding}">
                <DataGrid.Columns>
                    <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column1}" Header="Column 1"></DataGridTextColumn>
                    <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column2}" Header="Column 2"></DataGridTextColumn>
                    <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column3}" Header="Column 3"></DataGridTextColumn>
                    <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column4}" Header="Column 4"></DataGridTextColumn>
                    <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column5}" Header="Column 5"></DataGridTextColumn>
                    <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column6}" Header="Column 6"></DataGridTextColumn>
                </DataGrid.Columns>
            </DataGrid>
        </Grid>
    </TabItem>
</TabControl>

如果有人可以帮助我，非常感谢..

Answer 1

我认为您根本不需要正则表达式。您只需要按行和按空格的string.Split。

string[] lines = data.Split(Enviroment.NewLine);

对于每一行，你可以通过空格分割行来获取字段。

string[] fields = line.Split(' ');

Answer 2

编辑：按照 Ash 的建议添加 Row 变量：

鉴于您没有指定要将数据写入哪个对象，我假设它是一个名为 Row 的数据行：

private void Parsing_String(string filename)    
{
    DataTable dt = CreateDataTable();
    foreach (String str in File.ReadLines(filename))
    {
      String[] strCols = str.Split(Convert.ToChar(" "));
      DataRow Row = dt.NewRow(); //Where dt is a DataTable
      for (int i =0; i < strCols.length; i++)
      {
           Row[i] = strCols[i].Substring(2); //This will start reading from the third character
      }
      dt.Rows.Add(Row);
     }
      listView1.ItemsSource = dt.Rows;
}

//**EDIT**: Just in case you don't have a datatable and you want to create a small one:

public DataTable CreateDataTable()
    {
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();

        new string[] { "Column 1", "Column 2", "Column 3", "Column 4", "Column 5", "Column 6" }
            .ToList()
            .ForEach(c => { dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(c)); });
        return dt;
    }

编辑：最后一次尝试（忽略上面的代码）：

    private void Parsing_String(string filename)
    {
        List<Row> list = new List<Row>();

        foreach (String str in File.ReadLines(filename))
        {
            String[] strCols = str.Split(Convert.ToChar(" "));
            list.Add(new Row() 
            {
                Column1 = strCols[0].Substring(2),
                Column2 = strCols[1].Substring(2),
                Column3 = strCols[2].Substring(2),
                Column4 = strCols[3].Substring(2),
                Column5 = strCols[4].Substring(2),
                Column6 = strCols[5].Substring(2)
            });
        }

        dg.ItemsSource = list;
    }

    public class Row
    {
        public string Column1 { get; set; }
        public string Column2 { get; set; }
        public string Column3 { get; set; }
        public string Column4 { get; set; }
        public string Column5 { get; set; }
        public string Column6 { get; set; }
    }

然后在您的 xaml 中：

如果您想指定自定义标题，则必须对其进行更改，以便它不会自动生成列而是使用绑定，即：

   <DataGrid x:Name="dg" AutoGenerateColumns="False">
        <DataGrid.Columns>
            <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column1}" Header="Column 1"></DataGridTextColumn>
            <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column2}" Header="Column 2"></DataGridTextColumn>
            <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column3}" Header="Column 3"></DataGridTextColumn>
            <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column4}" Header="Column 4"></DataGridTextColumn>
            <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column5}" Header="Column 5"></DataGridTextColumn>
            <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Column6}" Header="Column 6"></DataGridTextColumn>
        </DataGrid.Columns>
    </DataGrid>

编辑这将计算第一列的总数

protected int CalculateFirstColumnTotal(List<Row> list)
{
    int total = 0;
    foreach (Row row in list)
      total += int.Parse(row.Column1);
}

编辑：

您实际上从未调用 Parsing_String 方法，请将以下行添加到浏览方法：

private void Browse_btn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)    
{
    //Existing Code
    Parsing_String(textBox.Text);  //Add this line to the last line of the method.
}

Answer 3

可能是这样的：

var result = from row in theFileAsString.Split('\n')
             select new {
                Columns = row.Split(' ').Select(s => s.Substring(2))
             }

您将有一个IEnumerable，其中每个项目都有一个属性Columns，其中包含带有数据的字符串。

虽然非常未经测试，但你明白了。

Answer 4

好的，这可能有点矫枉过正，但您提到您希望将数据放入列表视图（可能是数据网格？），在这种情况下，您可能希望将数据转换为某种对象形式。这实际上取决于您在获得数据后实际上将如何处理这些数据。

假设一旦您获得了数据，您将想要对其进行操作或对其进行更多操作，请尝试类似这样的操作 - 您应该能够将其直接放入新的控制台应用程序并运行它。

namespace ConsoleApplication6
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string filename = @"c:\test.txt";

            // Because you're working with a small file, we'll just read all the lines into memory
            List<LineData> processedLines = new List<LineData>();
            foreach (var line in File.ReadAllLines(filename))
            {
                processedLines.Add(new LineData(line));
            }

            // Write out the line data to the console to prove that it has been read
            foreach (var processedLine in processedLines)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(
                    "{0},{1},{2},{3},{4},{5}", 
                    processedLine.Column1, 
                    processedLine.Column2,
                    processedLine.Column3,
                    processedLine.Column4,
                    processedLine.Column5,
                    processedLine.Column6);
            }
        }
    }

    public class LineData
    {
        public LineData(string line)
        {
            // Regex basically means find two digits ("Prefix") followed by 3 digits ("Value")
            Regex regex = new Regex(@"(?<Prefix>\d{2})(?<Value>\d{3})");
            var lineMatches = regex.Matches(line);
            if (lineMatches.Count != 6)
            {
                // You should really be throwing your own exception type...
                throw new Exception("Expected 6 columns!");
            }

            this.Column1 = this.ExtractMatchData(lineMatches[0]);
            this.Column2 = this.ExtractMatchData(lineMatches[1]);
            this.Column3 = this.ExtractMatchData(lineMatches[2]);
            this.Column4 = this.ExtractMatchData(lineMatches[3]);
            this.Column5 = this.ExtractMatchData(lineMatches[4]);
            this.Column6 = this.ExtractMatchData(lineMatches[5]);
        }

        private string ExtractMatchData(Match match)
        {
            return match.Groups["Value"].Value;
        }

        public string Column1 { get; set; }
        public string Column2 { get; set; }
        public string Column3 { get; set; }
        public string Column4 { get; set; }
        public string Column5 { get; set; }
        public string Column6 { get; set; }
    }
}

Answer 5

using (var stream = File.Open(this.filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)
{
    var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
    var data = reader.ReadLine();
    while (!String.IsNullOrWhitespace(data))
    {
        string[] columns = data.Split(' ');
        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5}", columns[0], columns[1],));
        data = reader.ReadLine();
    }
}

Answer 6

您不必为此使用正则表达式。

var data = @"10192 20351 30473 40499 50449 60234
10192 20207 30206 40203 50205 60226
10192 20252 30312 40376 50334 60252";

var result = from line in data.Split(new[] { "\r\n", "\n" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
             let splitted = line.Split(new[] {' '}, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
             select splitted.Select(s => s.Substring(2));

或用于文件

using System.IO; // In the top

var result = from line in File.ReadLines("path")
             let splitted = line.Split(new[] {' '}, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
             select splitted.Select(s => s.Substring(2));

result 现在将包含一系列字符串（其中前两个字符被删除）。此版本适用于 Unix 和 Windows 换行符。它还删除了可能导致其他答案失败的额外空格。