试图从Excel中单元格的开头和结尾提取一串文本模式

Question

我有以下数据以及我希望在列结果中看到的内容：

Data	Result
PN 65011:2020text text text PN 65011:2020	PN 65011:2020, PN 65011:2020
PN 45014-1:2017text text text text PN 65014-1:2017 PN 8726-1:2017/P11:2020	PN 45014-1:2017, PN 65014-1:2017, PN 8726-1:2017/P11:2020
PN 6534:2020text text text text	PN 6534:2020
PN 65014-1:2017text text text text PN 65014-1:2017/PC1:2013	PN 65014-1:2017,PN 65014-1:2017/PC1:2013
PN ESO 67345:2019text text text PN 65018-1:2019/PC2:2020	PN ESO 67345:2019, PN 65018-1:2019/PC2:2020
PN ESO/EOC 5320:2013text text text PN ESO 27380:2019 PN 65015-1:2020/PC:2021	PN ESO/EOC 5320:2013, PN ESO 27380:2019, PN 65015-1:2020/PC:2021

我用过="PN "&TEXTJOIN(", PN ",1,IF(ISNUMBER(SEARCH("/",TRIM(MID(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"PN ",REPT(" ",LEN(A2))),(ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(A2))))*LEN(A2)-(LEN(A2)-1),LEN(A2))))),TRIM(MID(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"PN ",REPT(" ",LEN(A2))),(ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(A2))))*LEN(A2)-(LEN(A2)-1),LEN(A2))),LEFT(TRIM(MID(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"PN ",REPT(" ",LEN(A2))),(ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(A2))))*LEN(A2)-(LEN(A2)-1),LEN(A2))),MIN(IFERROR(FIND({" "},LOWER(TRIM(MID(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"PN ",REPT(" ",LEN(A2))),(ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(A2))))*LEN(A2)-(LEN(A2)-1),LEN(A2))))),""))-1)))

除了最后一行（PN ESO 5320:2013）之外，我几乎得到了我想看到的内容，我没有得到数字。它停在 PN ESO。像这样：

Data	Result
PN ESO/EOC 5320:2013text text PN ESO 27380:2019 text PN 65015-1:2020/PC:2021	PN ESO/EOC, PN ESO

关于如何获得完整参考的任何想法？

非常感谢您。

Answer 1

这是一个关于如何使用 Excel O365 处理此问题的示例

B2中的公式：

=TEXTJOIN(", ",,LET(X,FILTERXML("<t><s>"&SUBSTITUTE(A2,"PN ","</s><s>PN ")&"</s></t>","//s[position() > 1]"),Y,LEFT(X,FIND("|",SUBSTITUTE(X,":","|",LEN(X)-LEN(SUBSTITUTE(X,":",""))))+4),Y))

这里的想法是首先将“PN”的所有实例SUBSTITUTE() 转换为有效的xpath 构造。然后我们使用FILTERXML() 将所有值作为数组返回，显然仍然是串联的“文本文本”。因此，我使用LET() 将数组作为变量加载，并对所有元素进行一些字符串操作。

首先，我将所有字符串中最后出现的冒号替换为一个管道符号，然后我们 FIND() 并返回它的位置。现在我们有了可以使用LEFT() 提取正确子字符串的位置。使用 TEXTJOIN() 将结果数组重新连接在一起。

Answer 2

如果您可以接受 VBA 解决方案，那么正则表达式非常适合此类问题。如果您的示例都如您所见：

我们使用正则表达式来查找子字符串

• 以 PN 开头
• 选择以下字符，直到我们以冒号结尾，后跟多个数字。
• 如果后面有/，则查找下一个设置为冒号-多位数字模式。

要输入此用户定义函数 (UDF)，<alt-F11> 将打开 Visual Basic 编辑器。 确保您的项目在 Project Explorer 窗口中突出显示。 然后，从顶部菜单中，选择 Insert/Module 并 将下面的代码粘贴到打开的窗口中。

要使用此用户定义函数 (UDF)，请在某个单元格中输入类似 =extrPN(cell_Ref) 的公式。

Option Explicit
Function extrPN(S As String) As String
    Dim RE As Object, MC As Object, M As Object
    Const sPat As String = "PN[^:]+:\d+(?:/[^:]+:\d+)?"
    Dim sTemp As String
    
Set RE = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With RE
    .Global = True
    .Pattern = sPat
    .ignorecase = False
    If .Test(S) = True Then
        Set MC = .Execute(S)
            For Each M In MC
                sTemp = sTemp & ", " & M
            Next M
            extrPN = Mid(sTemp, 3)
    Else: extrPN = "no match"
    End If
End With
End Function

正则表达式的解释

提取 PN

PN.*?:\d+(?:/[^:]+:\d+)?

选项：不区分大小写； ^$ 匹配换行符

• Match the character string “PN” literallyPN
• Match any single character that is NOT a line break character.*?
  • Between zero and unlimited times, as few times as possible, expanding as needed (lazy)*?
• Match the colon character:
• Match a single character that is a “digit”\d+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
• Match the regular expression below(?:/[^:]+:\d+)?
  • Between zero and one times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)?
  • Match the character “/” literally/
  • Match any character that is NOT the colon character[^:]+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
  • Match the colon character:
  • Match a single character that is a “digit”\d+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+

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