我认为一种解决方案是通过numpy.memmap 使用内存映射文件。代码可以在下面找到。该文档包含了解代码的重要信息。
import numpy as np
from os.path import getsize
from time import time
filename = "data.bin"
# Datatype used for memmap
dtype = np.int32
# Create memmap for the first time (w+). Arbitrary shape. Probably good to try and guess the correct size.
mm = np.memmap(filename, dtype=dtype, mode='w+', shape=(1, ))
print("File has {} bytes".format(getsize(filename)))
N = 20
num_data_per_loop = 10**7
# Main loop to append data
for i in range(N):
# will extend the file because mode='r+'
starttime = time()
mm = np.memmap(filename,
dtype=dtype,
mode='r+',
offset=np.dtype(dtype).itemsize*num_data_per_loop*i,
shape=(num_data_per_loop, ))
mm[:] = np.arange(start=num_data_per_loop*i, stop=num_data_per_loop*(i+1))
mm.flush()
endtime = time()
print("{:3d}/{:3d} ({:6.4f} sec): File has {} bytes".format(i, N, endtime-starttime, getsize(filename)))
A = np.array(np.memmap(filename, dtype=dtype, mode='r'))
if np.array_equal(A, np.arange(num_data_per_loop*N, dtype=dtype)):
print("Correct")
我得到的输出是:
File has 4 bytes
0/ 20 (0.2167 sec): File has 40000000 bytes
1/ 20 (0.2200 sec): File has 80000000 bytes
2/ 20 (0.2131 sec): File has 120000000 bytes
3/ 20 (0.2180 sec): File has 160000000 bytes
4/ 20 (0.2215 sec): File has 200000000 bytes
5/ 20 (0.2141 sec): File has 240000000 bytes
6/ 20 (0.2187 sec): File has 280000000 bytes
7/ 20 (0.2138 sec): File has 320000000 bytes
8/ 20 (0.2137 sec): File has 360000000 bytes
9/ 20 (0.2227 sec): File has 400000000 bytes
10/ 20 (0.2168 sec): File has 440000000 bytes
11/ 20 (0.2141 sec): File has 480000000 bytes
12/ 20 (0.2150 sec): File has 520000000 bytes
13/ 20 (0.2144 sec): File has 560000000 bytes
14/ 20 (0.2190 sec): File has 600000000 bytes
15/ 20 (0.2186 sec): File has 640000000 bytes
16/ 20 (0.2210 sec): File has 680000000 bytes
17/ 20 (0.2146 sec): File has 720000000 bytes
18/ 20 (0.2178 sec): File has 760000000 bytes
19/ 20 (0.2182 sec): File has 800000000 bytes
Correct
由于用于 memmap 的偏移量,时间在迭代过程中大致恒定。此外,所需的 RAM 量(除了加载整个 memmap 以供最后检查之外)是恒定的。
我希望这能解决您的性能问题
亲切的问候
卢卡斯
编辑 1:看来发帖人已经解决了他自己的问题。我留下这个答案作为替代。