将多个参数传递给函数内的 data.table

Question

这是我想要来自data.table 的输出。

library(data.table)
dt_mtcars <- as.data.table(mtcars)

## desired output ----
dt_mtcars[mpg >20
          , .(mean_mpg = mean(mpg)
              ,median_mpg = median(mpg))
          , .(cyl, gear)]

   cyl gear mean_mpg median_mpg
1:   6    4   21.000      21.00
2:   4    4   26.925      25.85
3:   6    3   21.400      21.40
4:   4    3   21.500      21.50
5:   4    5   28.200      28.20

我想通过将参数传递给函数来获得输出。

processFUN <- function(dt, where, select, group){

  out <- dt[i=eval(parse(text = where))
            ,j=eval(parse(text = select))
            ,by=eval(parse(text = group))]

  return(out)
}

report <- processFUN(dt_mtcars 
                     ,where= "mpg > 20"
                     ,select= ".(mean_mpg = mean(mpg), median_mpg = median(mpg))"
                     ,group= ".(cyl, gear)")

但是，我收到一条错误消息。

 Error in .(cyl, gear) : could not find function "." 

Answer 1

只是给你一个选择， 如果您可以/想要使用table.express， 你也可以在很多情况下使用字符串：

library(data.table)
library(table.express)

processFUN <- function(dt, where, select, group) {
  dt %>%
    start_expr %>%
    group_by(!!!group, .parse = TRUE) %>%
    where(!!!where, .parse = TRUE) %>%
    transmute(!!!select, .parse = TRUE) %>%
    end_expr
}

processFUN(as.data.table(mtcars),
           "mpg>20",
           c("mean_mpg = mean(mpg)", "median_mpg = median(mpg)"),
           c("cyl", "gear"))
   cyl gear     V1    V2
1:   6    4 21.000 21.00
2:   4    4 26.925 25.85
3:   6    3 21.400 21.40
4:   4    3 21.500 21.50
5:   4    5 28.200 28.20

在下一个版本中，start_expr 和 end_expr 将是可选的。

Answer 2

您真的想将条件作为字符串传递吗？如果是这样，一种方法是使用paste 一起构造查询，然后使用eval(parse... 对其进行评估

library(data.table)

processFUN <- function(dt, where, select, group){
    eval(parse(text = paste0(as.character(substitute(dt)), "[", where, ",", 
               select, ",by = ", group, "]")))
}

processFUN(dt_mtcars 
          ,where= "mpg > 20"
          ,select= ".(mean_mpg = mean(mpg), median_mpg = median(mpg))"
          ,group= ".(cyl, gear)")


#   cyl gear mean_mpg median_mpg
#1:   6    4   21.000      21.00
#2:   4    4   26.925      25.85
#3:   6    3   21.400      21.40
#4:   4    3   21.500      21.50
#5:   4    5   28.200      28.20

Answer 3

或者使用eval 和substitute：

library(data.table) #Win R-3.5.1 x64 data.table_1.12.2
dt_mtcars <- as.data.table(mtcars)

processFUN <- function(dt, where, select, group) {

    out <- dt[i=eval(substitute(where)), 
        j=eval(substitute(select)), 
        by=eval(substitute(group))]

    return(out)
}

processFUN(dt_mtcars, mpg>20, .(mean_mpg=mean(mpg), median_mpg=median(mpg)), .(cyl, gear))

我能找到的一些最早的参考资料是

1. Aggregating sub totals and grand totals with data.table
2. Using data.table i and j arguments in functions

旧的 faq 1.6 包含对此的引用： http://datatable.r-forge.r-project.org/datatable-faq.pdf