【发布时间】：2020-06-15 13:18:22
【问题描述】：
在阅读了很多关于这个问题的文章并关注了这个非常有用的帖子：What's the difference between dependencies, devDependencies and peerDependencies in npm package.json file?
我知道依赖项应该引用每个运行时库，而 devDependencies 引用每个有用的开发依赖项。
但我现在很困惑。对于生产用途，我将不得不 ng build --production 我的 Angular 应用程序。如果我做npm install --production，我什至不能用ng build --production 编译。我需要到npm install 并安装每个devDependencies。知道这一点后，我尝试将所有内容都放在 devDependencies 下，然后我做了一个 ng build --prod，生成的 [dist] 文件夹包含了所需的一切，并且可以用作完整的 Angular 应用程序。
所以，第一个问题是：Appart from 在运行时库和开发库之间做出“纸上”差异，我为什么要使用依赖项？
其他问题：为了避免依赖项的依赖项漏洞，我可以通过将此库放在 package.json 中来强制使用特定版本（只要主要版本相同）。但是我想避免将这个库放在依赖项或 devDependencies 中，我应该把这个库放在 peerDependencies 下吗？可选依赖项？捆绑依赖项？
感谢您对此的任何意见。
编辑
需要示例 package.json：
{
"name": "ANGULAR_PROJECT",
"version": "X.Y.Z",
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "A_GIT_URL"
},
"scripts": {
"ng": "ng",
"test": "ng test",
"e2e": "protractor e2e/conf/protractor.conf.js",
"e2e:dev": "protractor e2e/conf/protractor-dev.conf.js",
},
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
},
"devDependencies": {
"@angular/pwa": "^0.12.4",
"@angular/animations": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/cdk": "^8.2.3",
"@angular/common": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/compiler": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/core": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/forms": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/material": "^8.2.3",
"@angular/material-moment-adapter": "^8.2.3",
"@angular/platform-browser": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/platform-server": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/router": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/service-worker": "^8.2.11",
"@mat-datetimepicker/core": "^2.0.1",
"@mat-datetimepicker/moment": "^2.0.1",
"@ngrx/effects": "8.4.0",
"@ngrx/router-store": "8.4.0",
"@ngrx/schematics": "8.4.0",
"@ngrx/store": "8.4.0",
"@ngrx/store-devtools": "8.4.0",
"@swimlane/ngx-charts": "12.0.1",
"angular-gridster2": "^8.2.0",
"angular-particle": "^1.0.4",
"array-flat-polyfill": "^1.0.1",
"apollo-angular": "^1.8.0",
"apollo-angular-link-http": "^1.9.0",
"apollo-cache-inmemory": "^1.6.3",
"apollo-client": "^2.6.4",
"apollo-link": "^1.2.13",
"classlist.js": "^1.1.20150312",
"core-js": "^2.5.4",
"graphql": "14.0.0",
"graphql-tag": "^2.10.1",
"hammerjs": "^2.0.8",
"json-server": "^0.14.2",
"jsonpath": "^1.0.2",
"moment": "^2.22.2",
"ngrx-store-freeze": "^0.2.4",
"ngrx-store-localstorage": "^8.0.0",
"ngx-cacheable": "^1.2.5",
"ngx-parallax": "^4.0.0",
"node-sass": "4.13.1",
"rxjs": "^6.5.3",
"web-animations-js": "^2.3.2-pr208",
"xlsx": "^0.14.2",
"zone.js": "~0.9.1",
----------------------------------------------- REAL DEV DEPENDENCIES UNDER
"@angular-devkit/build-angular": "^0.803.10",
"@angular/cli": "^8.3.10",
"@angular/compiler-cli": "^8.2.11",
"@angular/language-service": "^8.2.11",
"@commitlint/cli": "^7.2.1",
"@types/chai": "^4.2.6",
"@types/cucumber": "^6.0.0",
"@types/jasmine": "~3.4.6",
"@types/jasminewd2": "~2.0.8",
"@types/node": "~8.9.4",
"chai": "^4.2.0",
"codelyzer": "~5.2.0",
"commitizen": "^4.0.3",
"conventional-changelog-cli": "^2.0.1",
"cucumber": "5.1.0",
"cucumber-html-reporter": "^5.0.2",
"cz-customizable": "^5.3.0",
"cz-customizable-ghooks": "^1.5.0",
"husky": "^4.2.1",
"jasmine-core": "~3.5.0",
"jasmine-spec-reporter": "~4.2.1",
"karma": "~4.4.1",
"karma-chrome-launcher": "~3.1.0",
"karma-coverage-istanbul-reporter": "~2.1.0",
"karma-jasmine": "~2.0.1",
"karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^1.4.2",
"karma-sonarqube-reporter": "^1.2.5",
"karma-sonarqube-unit-reporter": "^0.0.21",
"karma-spec-reporter": "0.0.32",
"lint-staged": "^8.1.0",
"mkdirp": "^0.5.1",
"ng-mocks": "^8.1.0",
"prettier": "^1.15.3",
"protractor": "5.4.2",
"protractor-cucumber-framework": "^6.2.0",
"rxjs-compat": "^6.3.3",
"ts-comparators": "^1.0.0",
"ts-mockery": "1.2.0",
"ts-node": "~7.0.1",
"tslint": "~5.11.0",
"tslint-config-prettier": "^1.18.0",
"tslint-plugin-prettier": "^2.0.1",
"typescript": "^3.1.6"
},
"peerDependencies": {
}
}
【问题讨论】：
-
如果没有看到您的 package.json，我们无法评估您的问题。似乎您在 devDependencies 下错误分配了依赖项。
-
我在这里谈论的是原则，但我可以有一个示例 package.json，它将为 prod 环境正确构建，所有内容都在 devDependencies 下。
-
在使用
ng build --prod的构建过程中，您将在“开发过程”期间使用所有必需的包编译您的项目。然后你编译你的静态文件，不再需要打包。但我认为这不适用于服务器端渲染。我也在等待社区的答案 -
嗯，我可以回答：这是有效的：我实际上有一个 express node.js 应用程序在项目中提供这个 [dist]，因为 [dist] 文件夹全部编译了所需的一切。我只将 express & node.js lib 放在依赖项下以减少我的 node_modules 大小。这是一个真正的产品案例用法。我知道这并不理想，我们将删除 express / node 以实际使用真正的 Web 服务器。但是再次我在谈论原则：D
-
嗯，这显然不是一个鼓舞人心的问题:(
标签： angular npm npm-install