我需要使用 R 版本 3.3.3。有没有办法成功安装包？我无法安装任何软件包答案

【问题标题】：I need to use R version 3.3.3. Is there a way to install packages successfully? I am unable to install any packages我需要使用 R 版本 3.3.3。有没有办法成功安装包？我无法安装任何软件包
【发布时间】：2019-01-10 20:03:10
【问题描述】：

我需要为 SPSS Modeler 18.1 使用 R 3.3.3。我无法在此版本的 R 中安装任何软件包。

我有一个 R 3.5.1 版本，并成功地将它与 RStudio 一起使用。我需要为 SPSS Modeler 18.1 使用 R 3.3.3。我无法安装任何软件包。我尝试了 update.packages()，使用 type="source" 或 "both" 的 install.packages，尝试了 devtools，但也无法安装 devtools。我相信需要编译的二进制文件和源代码不匹配，但似乎无法弄清楚如何修复它。这发生在我能想到的我通常使用的每个包上：dplyr、tidyverse、ggplot2、forecast 等。

install.packages('dplyr')
library('dplyr')
install.packages('pillar')
install.packages('devtools')

> install.packages('dplyr')
also installing the dependency ‘rlang’


  There are binary versions available but the source versions are later:
      binary source needs_compilation
rlang  0.2.0  0.3.1              TRUE
dplyr  0.7.4  0.7.8              TRUE

  Binaries will be installed
trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/bin/windows/contrib/3.3/rlang_0.2.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 754726 bytes (737 KB)
downloaded 737 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/bin/windows/contrib/3.3/dplyr_0.7.4.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 2897358 bytes (2.8 MB)
downloaded 2.8 MB

package ‘rlang’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Warning: cannot remove prior installation of package ‘rlang’
package ‘dplyr’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Warning: cannot remove prior installation of package ‘dplyr’

The downloaded binary packages are in
        C:\Users\nipa.onulak\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7\downloaded_packages
> library('dplyr')
Error in loadNamespace(j <- i[[1L]], c(lib.loc, .libPaths()), versionCheck = vI[[j]]) : 
  there is no package called ‘pillar’
Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘dplyr’
> install.packages('pillar')
also installing the dependencies ‘fansi’, ‘rlang’


  There are binary versions available but the source versions are later:
       binary source needs_compilation
fansi   0.2.2  0.4.0              TRUE
rlang   0.2.0  0.3.1              TRUE
pillar  1.2.1  1.3.1             FALSE

  Binaries will be installed
trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/bin/windows/contrib/3.3/fansi_0.2.2.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 141745 bytes (138 KB)
downloaded 138 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/bin/windows/contrib/3.3/rlang_0.2.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 754726 bytes (737 KB)
downloaded 737 KB

package ‘fansi’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘rlang’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Warning: cannot remove prior installation of package ‘rlang’

The downloaded binary packages are in
        C:\Users\nipa.onulak\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7\downloaded_packages
installing the source package ‘pillar’

trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/src/contrib/pillar_1.3.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 103972 bytes (101 KB)
downloaded 101 KB

ERROR: dependency 'rlang' is not available for package 'pillar'
* removing 'C:/Program Files/R/R-3.3.3/library/pillar'

The downloaded source packages are in
        ‘C:\Users\nipa.onulak\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7\downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: running command '"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-33~1.3/bin/x64/R" CMD INSTALL -l "C:\Program Files\R\R-3.3.3\library" C:\Users\NIPA~1.ONU\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7/downloaded_packages/pillar_1.3.1.tar.gz' had status 1 
2: In install.packages("pillar") :
  installation of package ‘pillar’ had non-zero exit status
> install.packages('devtools')
also installing the dependencies ‘git2r’, ‘pkgbuild’, ‘pkgload’, ‘rcmdcheck’


  There are binary versions available but the source versions are later:
          binary source needs_compilation
git2r     0.21.0 0.24.0              TRUE
rcmdcheck  1.2.1  1.3.2             FALSE
devtools  1.13.5  2.0.1             FALSE

  Binaries will be installed
Package which is only available in source form, and may need
  compilation of C/C++/Fortran: ‘pkgload’
  These will not be installed
trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/bin/windows/contrib/3.3/git2r_0.21.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 3022652 bytes (2.9 MB)
downloaded 2.9 MB

package ‘git2r’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked

The downloaded binary packages are in
        C:\Users\nipa.onulak\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7\downloaded_packages
installing the source packages ‘pkgbuild’, ‘rcmdcheck’, ‘devtools’

trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/src/contrib/pkgbuild_1.0.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 25264 bytes (24 KB)
downloaded 24 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/src/contrib/rcmdcheck_1.3.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1408582 bytes (1.3 MB)
downloaded 1.3 MB

trying URL 'https://cran.mtu.edu/src/contrib/devtools_2.0.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 388953 bytes (379 KB)
downloaded 379 KB

* installing *source* package 'pkgbuild' ...
** package 'pkgbuild' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** R
** preparing package for lazy loading
Error : .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'callr', details:
  call: loadNamespace(name)
  error: there is no package called 'debugme'
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package 'pkgbuild'
* removing 'C:/Program Files/R/R-3.3.3/library/pkgbuild'
ERROR: dependency 'pkgbuild' is not available for package 'rcmdcheck'
* removing 'C:/Program Files/R/R-3.3.3/library/rcmdcheck'
ERROR: dependencies 'pkgbuild', 'pkgload', 'rcmdcheck' are not available for package 'devtools'
* removing 'C:/Program Files/R/R-3.3.3/library/devtools'

The downloaded source packages are in
        ‘C:\Users\nipa.onulak\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7\downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: running command '"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-33~1.3/bin/x64/R" CMD INSTALL -l "C:\Program Files\R\R-3.3.3\library" C:\Users\NIPA~1.ONU\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7/downloaded_packages/pkgbuild_1.0.2.tar.gz' had status 1 
2: In install.packages("devtools") :
  installation of package ‘pkgbuild’ had non-zero exit status
3: running command '"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-33~1.3/bin/x64/R" CMD INSTALL -l "C:\Program Files\R\R-3.3.3\library" C:\Users\NIPA~1.ONU\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7/downloaded_packages/rcmdcheck_1.3.2.tar.gz' had status 1 
4: In install.packages("devtools") :
  installation of package ‘rcmdcheck’ had non-zero exit status
5: running command '"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-33~1.3/bin/x64/R" CMD INSTALL -l "C:\Program Files\R\R-3.3.3\library" C:\Users\NIPA~1.ONU\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpcbgyh7/downloaded_packages/devtools_2.0.1.tar.gz' had status 1 
6: In install.packages("devtools") :
  installation of package ‘devtools’ had non-zero exit status

【问题讨论】：

您将不得不安装这些软件包的旧版本。 CRAN 真的只是让安装最新的变得容易。您必须准确确定哪个版本号将与您拥有的 R 版本一起运行。这可能会有所帮助：stackoverflow.com/questions/28766923/…
您可以安装较旧的 R 版本。如果您使用的是 RStudio，您可以在工具 -> 全局选项下更改 R 版本。
@Cris 但是安装旧版本的 R 不会改变 install.packages() 的工作方式。或者你是说 RStudio 做了一些特别的事情来改变这种情况？
@MrFlick 你是对的，它不会安装所需版本的软件包，但如果 url 可用，则可以指定版本。 OP 可以使用这个：support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/… 连同更改 R 版本应该没有任何问题。

标签： r

【解决方案1】：

@MrFlick，谢谢。我能够导航并最终使用此站点“https://www.r-bloggers.com/using-old-versions-of-r-packages/”，并使用该帖子中的链接作为二进制文件，因为该“https://cran.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/”存在很多问题，以及包devtools的代码示例：安装.packages("https://cran.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.3/devtools_1.13.5.zip", repos=NULL, type="source").这一切似乎都可以正常工作并加载库:)。感谢您的指导！

【讨论】：