为了获取数据，您需要在这种情况下的画面 URL：
https://public.tableau.com/views/S07StuP58/Dashboard1?:embed=y&:showVizHome=no
流程如下：
-
调用以下网址：
GET https://public.tableau.com/views/S07StuP58/Dashboard1?:embed=y&:showVizHome=no
-
从textarea 中提取JSON 内容，id 为tsConfigContainer
-
使用 session_id 构建 url
POST https://public.tableau.com/{vizql_path}/bootstrapSession/sessions/{session_id}
-
从原本不是 JSON 的响应中提取 JSON 数据（正则表达式来拆分数据）
-
从大型 JSON 配置中提取数据，这并不简单，因为所有字符串数据都位于单个数组中。您需要从各个字段中获取数据索引，以便能够将数据拆分为列，然后构建您的数据框
以下代码将提示用户选择工作表（按索引），解析数据并将其放入数据框中：
library(rvest)
library(rjson)
library(httr)
library(stringr)
#replace the hostname and the path if necessary
host_url <- "https://public.tableau.com"
path <- "/views/S07StuP58/Dashboard1"
body <- read_html(modify_url(host_url,
path = path,
query = list(":embed" = "y",":showVizHome" = "no")
))
data <- body %>%
html_nodes("textarea#tsConfigContainer") %>%
html_text()
json <- fromJSON(data)
url <- modify_url(host_url, path = paste(json$vizql_root, "/bootstrapSession/sessions/", json$sessionid, sep =""))
resp <- POST(url, body = list(sheet_id = json$sheetId), encode = "form")
data <- content(resp, "text")
extract <- str_match(data, "\\d+;(\\{.*\\})\\d+;(\\{.*\\})")
info <- fromJSON(extract[1,1])
data <- fromJSON(extract[1,3])
worksheets = names(data$secondaryInfo$presModelMap$vizData$presModelHolder$genPresModelMapPresModel$presModelMap)
for(i in 1:length(worksheets)){
print(paste("[",i,"] ",worksheets[i], sep=""))
}
selected <- readline(prompt="select worksheet by index: ");
worksheet <- worksheets[as.integer(selected)]
print(paste("you selected :", worksheet, sep=" "))
columnsData <- data$secondaryInfo$presModelMap$vizData$presModelHolder$genPresModelMapPresModel$presModelMap[[worksheet]]$presModelHolder$genVizDataPresModel$paneColumnsData
i <- 1
result <- list();
for(t in columnsData$vizDataColumns){
if (is.null(t[["fieldCaption"]]) == FALSE) {
paneIndex <- t$paneIndices
columnIndex <- t$columnIndices
if (length(t$paneIndices) > 1){
paneIndex <- t$paneIndices[1]
}
if (length(t$columnIndices) > 1){
columnIndex <- t$columnIndices[1]
}
result[[i]] <- list(
fieldCaption = t[["fieldCaption"]],
valueIndices = columnsData$paneColumnsList[[paneIndex + 1]]$vizPaneColumns[[columnIndex + 1]]$valueIndices,
aliasIndices = columnsData$paneColumnsList[[paneIndex + 1]]$vizPaneColumns[[columnIndex + 1]]$aliasIndices,
dataType = t[["dataType"]],
stringsAsFactors = FALSE
)
i <- i + 1
}
}
dataFull = data$secondaryInfo$presModelMap$dataDictionary$presModelHolder$genDataDictionaryPresModel$dataSegments[["0"]]$dataColumns
cstring <- list();
for(t in dataFull) {
if(t$dataType == "cstring"){
cstring <- t
break
}
}
data_index <- 1
name_index <- 1
frameData <- list()
frameNames <- c()
for(t in dataFull) {
for(index in result) {
if (t$dataType == index["dataType"]){
if (length(index$valueIndices) > 0) {
j <- 1
vector <- character(length(index$valueIndices))
for (it in index$valueIndices){
vector[j] <- t$dataValues[it+1]
j <- j + 1
}
frameData[[data_index]] <- vector
frameNames[[name_index]] <- paste(index$fieldCaption, "value", sep="-")
data_index <- data_index + 1
name_index <- name_index + 1
}
if (length(index$aliasIndices) > 0) {
j <- 1
vector <- character(length(index$aliasIndices))
for (it in index$aliasIndices){
if (it >= 0){
vector[j] <- t$dataValues[it+1]
} else {
vector[j] <- cstring$dataValues[abs(it)]
}
j <- j + 1
}
frameData[[data_index]] <- vector
frameNames[[name_index]] <- paste(index$fieldCaption, "alias", sep="-")
data_index <- data_index + 1
name_index <- name_index + 1
}
}
}
}
df <- NULL
lengthList <- c()
for(i in 1:length(frameNames)){
lengthList[i] <- length(frameData[[i]])
}
max <- max(lengthList)
for(i in 1:length(frameNames)){
if (length(frameData[[i]]) < max){
len <- length(frameData[[i]])
frameData[[i]][(len+1):max]<-""
}
df[frameNames[[i]]] <- frameData[i]
}
options(width = 1200)
df <- as.data.frame(df, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
print(df)
给出以下输出：
X.Student.Aid.Program.Type..value X.Student.Aid.Program..value X..Measure.Names..alias X.Multiple.Values..alias
1 Grants/Scholarships Subtotal Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXXXX
2 Grants/Scholarships Other (External) Grants/Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
3 Grants/Scholarships Miscellaneous Tuition/Fee Payments/Waivers Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
4 Grants/Scholarships Graduate Assistantship Tuition Waivers Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
5 Grants/Scholarships Athletic Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
6 Grants/Scholarships Institutional Grants/Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
7 Grants/Scholarships State (Other) Grants/Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
8 Grants/Scholarships Zell Miller Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
9 Grants/Scholarships HOPE Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded $XXXXXX
10 Grants/Scholarships Federal (Other) Grants/Scholarships Graduate Amount Awarded
11 Grants/Scholarships Federal Supplemental Grants Graduate Amount Awarded
12 Grants/Scholarships Federal Pell Grants Graduate Amount Awarded
13 Grants/Scholarships Subtotal Graduate Number of Awards XXXXXX
14 Grants/Scholarships Other (External) Grants/Scholarships Graduate Number of Awards XXX
上面代码的python 等效项是：
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json
import re
import pandas as pd
#replace the hostname and the path if necessary
host_url = "https://public.tableau.com"
path = "/views/S07StuP58/Dashboard1"
url = f"{host_url}{path}"
r = requests.get(
url,
params= {
":embed": "y",
":showVizHome": "no"
}
)
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser")
tableauData = json.loads(soup.find("textarea",{"id": "tsConfigContainer"}).text)
dataUrl = f'{host_url}{tableauData["vizql_root"]}/bootstrapSession/sessions/{tableauData["sessionid"]}'
r = requests.post(dataUrl, data= {
"sheet_id": tableauData["sheetId"],
})
dataReg = re.search('\d+;({.*})\d+;({.*})', r.text, re.MULTILINE)
info = json.loads(dataReg.group(1))
data = json.loads(dataReg.group(2))
worksheets = list(data["secondaryInfo"]["presModelMap"]["vizData"]["presModelHolder"]["genPresModelMapPresModel"]["presModelMap"].keys())
for idx, ws in enumerate(worksheets):
print(f"[{idx}] {ws}")
selected = input("select worksheet by index: ")
worksheet = worksheets[int(selected)]
print(f"you selected : {worksheet}")
columnsData = data["secondaryInfo"]["presModelMap"]["vizData"]["presModelHolder"]["genPresModelMapPresModel"]["presModelMap"][worksheet]["presModelHolder"]["genVizDataPresModel"]["paneColumnsData"]
result = [
{
"fieldCaption": t.get("fieldCaption", ""),
"valueIndices": columnsData["paneColumnsList"][t["paneIndices"][0]]["vizPaneColumns"][t["columnIndices"][0]]["valueIndices"],
"aliasIndices": columnsData["paneColumnsList"][t["paneIndices"][0]]["vizPaneColumns"][t["columnIndices"][0]]["aliasIndices"],
"dataType": t.get("dataType"),
"paneIndices": t["paneIndices"][0],
"columnIndices": t["columnIndices"][0]
}
for t in columnsData["vizDataColumns"]
if t.get("fieldCaption")
]
dataFull = data["secondaryInfo"]["presModelMap"]["dataDictionary"]["presModelHolder"]["genDataDictionaryPresModel"]["dataSegments"]["0"]["dataColumns"]
def onAlias(it, value, cstring):
return value[it] if (it >= 0) else cstring["dataValues"][abs(it)-1]
frameData = {}
cstring = [t for t in dataFull if t["dataType"] == "cstring"][0]
for t in dataFull:
for index in result:
if (t["dataType"] == index["dataType"]):
if len(index["valueIndices"]) > 0:
frameData[f'{index["fieldCaption"]}-value'] = [t["dataValues"][abs(it)] for it in index["valueIndices"]]
if len(index["aliasIndices"]) > 0:
frameData[f'{index["fieldCaption"]}-alias'] = [onAlias(it, t["dataValues"], cstring) for it in index["aliasIndices"]]
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(frameData, orient='index').fillna(0).T
with pd.option_context('display.max_rows', None, 'display.max_columns', None, 'display.width', 1000):
print(df)
Try this on repl.it
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