如何调试使用 perl 生成的核心文件？

Question

我有一个从 perl 脚本文件创建的 abc.bin 文件。

现在如何调试使用此“abc.bin”生成的核心文件

通过做，

gdb abc.bin -c core_file 

我收到错误提示“不是可执行格式：文件格式无法识别”

是否有任何其他选项可以在 GDB 中调试此类文件，或者是否有任何其他工具可以这样做

编辑：

让我们忘记 abc.bin，有没有办法调试用 perl 文件生成的核心文件，我有一个导致核心转储的 abc.pl 文件，有没有办法用 abc.pl 调试这个核心？

编辑

abc.bin 的文件输出

ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.5, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), stripped

编辑：

“gdb abc.bin”的输出

<M> l1143425:/root # gdb /var/storage/cores/abc.bin.11413
GNU gdb (GDB; Astaro Security Gateway) 7.9.1
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i686-suse-linux".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://bugs.opensuse.org/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
[New LWP 11413]
Core was generated by `app_name [module_name]'.
Program terminated with signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
#0  0xf7733440 in __kernel_vsyscall ()
"/var/storage/cores/abc.bin.11413" is a core file.
Please specify an executable to debug.
(gdb) bt
#0  0xf7733440 in __kernel_vsyscall ()
#1  0xf754bbb0 in ?? ()
#2  0xf768f000 in ?? ()
#3  0xf754d4e5 in ?? ()
#4  0x00000006 in ?? ()
#5  0xffba33e0 in ?? ()
#6  0xf64b6185 in ?? ()
#7  0x00000000 in ?? ()
(gdb) f 2
#2  0xf768f000 in ?? ()
(gdb) list
No symbol table is loaded.  Use the "file" command.
(gdb)

编辑

场景：

1. 我有一个 perl 文件，比如说 abc.pl
2. 使用 perlapp 我正在将此 perl 文件转换为可执行文件，比如说 abc.bin
3. 现在我将这个 abc.bin 作为一个简单的可执行文件运行，而不是使用 perl，那么现在可以使用 GDB 进行调试了吗？有没有其他的调试方式？

Answer 1

您缺少调试信息。我的 GDB 说：

› gdb /usr/bin/perl
GNU gdb (GDB; openSUSE Tumbleweed) 8.1
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-suse-linux".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://bugs.opensuse.org/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from /usr/bin/perl...Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/bin/perl
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=33dd6e73e6f617df00f76a78a397b854f49d6df1"
(no debugging symbols found)...done.
(gdb) r -e CORE::dump
Starting program: /usr/bin/perl -e CORE::dump
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=d1f6bf237ba196265561924d1baaf522e036281f"
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib64/libm.so.6
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=1fc13b3ef7db0024a3f401933c6da8b266a8e06c"
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib64/libdl.so.2
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=b21e9d59d1465db80fa52e72a4803f1901202e6d"
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib64/libcrypt.so.1
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=b043217f12c9950ff058956c57320d8b03cee06b"
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib64/libpthread.so.0
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=b5ad7ea10e4e88d4e2cc038e5c3288bdea82e20b"
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib64/libthread_db.so.1".
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib64/libc.so.6
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=5926416cd74d1dfe53d37374041bca37ee80c598"

Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007ffff705e367 in kill () from /lib64/libc.so.6

包功能解析为包名：glibc-debuginfo glibc-debugsource perl-base-debuginfo perl-debugsource

安装缺失的包后会有一个有意义的回溯：

› gdb /usr/bin/perl
GNU gdb (GDB; openSUSE Tumbleweed) 8.1
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-suse-linux".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://bugs.opensuse.org/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from /usr/bin/perl...Reading symbols from /usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/perl-5.26.2-1.4.x86_64.debug...done.
done.
(gdb) r -e CORE::dump
Starting program: /usr/bin/perl -e CORE::dump
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib64/libthread_db.so.1".

Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007ffff705e367 in kill () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:78
78      T_PSEUDO (SYSCALL_SYMBOL, SYSCALL_NAME, SYSCALL_NARGS)
(gdb) bt full
#0  0x00007ffff705e367 in kill () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:78
No locals.
#1  0x00005555555a42e9 in Perl_my_unexec (my_perl=<optimized out>) at perl.c:3685
No locals.
#2  0x0000555555678554 in Perl_pp_goto (my_perl=0x555555956260) at pp_ctl.c:3082
        sp = <optimized out>
        retop = 0x0
        ix = <optimized out>
        cx = <optimized out>
        enterops = {0x0, 0xeda3fe532dabdd00, 0x555555712140 <arg_counts>, 0x5555559591e0, 0x555555956260, 0x7fffffffd458, 0x5555559758c0,
          0x555555956260, 0x555555956260, 0x5555556391e1 <Perl_sv_free2+97>, 0x5555559758c0, 0x555555956260, 0xffffffffffffffff,
          0x55555566945e <Perl_free_tmps+78>, 0x5555559758c0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x5555555a9efd <perl_parse+5165>, 0x555555956260, 0x0,
          0x555555582800 <xs_init>, 0x0, 0x0, 0x100000000000001, 0x7fefffffffffffff, 0x555555956980, 0x6400000000, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
          0x54552e45445f6564, 0x6500382d46, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x2020002020000000, 0x6, 0x405, 0x1, 0x21b6, 0x0, 0x103, 0x0, 0x1000, 0x0,
          0x5b59e189, 0x13c9eb00, 0x5b59e189, 0x13c9eb00, 0x5b59e189, 0x13c9eb00, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x6e00000061, 0x0, 0x770000007c, 0x2,
          0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}
        label = <optimized out>
        label_len = 0
        label_flags = <optimized out>
        do_dump = true
        must_have_label = 0x555555712332 "goto must have label"
#3  0x000055555562b1d6 in Perl_runops_standard (my_perl=0x555555956260) at run.c:42
        op = <optimized out>
#4  0x00005555555ab027 in S_run_body (oldscope=<optimized out>, my_perl=<optimized out>) at perl.c:2532
No locals.
#5  perl_run (my_perl=0x555555956260) at perl.c:2455
        oldscope = 1
        ret = <optimized out>
        cur_env = {je_prev = 0x5555559565e8, je_buf = {{__jmpbuf = {0, -4037406656558474170, 93824992421648, 140737488344128, 0, 0,
                -7877616891281744826, -4037406257967473594}, __mask_was_saved = 0, __saved_mask = {__val = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                  17123809841394736384, 139637976727552, 93824996434528, 93824992421648, 17123809841394736384, 0, 0}}}}, je_ret = 0,
          je_mustcatch = false, je_old_delaymagic = 0}
        _p = <optimized out>
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
        _p = <optimized out>
#6  0x00005555555826f2 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>, env=<optimized out>) at perlmain.c:123
        exitstatus = <optimized out>
        i = <optimized out>