让 rtools40 在 Parallels VM 中的 Windows 10 中的 Rstudio 1.2.5042 和 TERR (Tibco Engine R) 上工作答案

【问题标题】：Getting rtools40 to work on Rstudio 1.2.5042 and TERR (Tibco Engine R) in Windows 10 within Parallels VM让 rtools40 在 Parallels VM 中的 Windows 10 中的 Rstudio 1.2.5042 和 TERR (Tibco Engine R) 上工作
【发布时间】：2020-09-04 19:09:29
【问题描述】：

编辑：问题最终是 TERR 5.1.0 实际上基于 R 3.6。因此需要 Rtools35。第二个问题是我试图将软件包安装到 Rstudio 默认设置的网络位置，因为它安装在 Parallels VM 中。

过去几天我一直在努力解决这个问题。有很多关于如何使用 rtools40 解决问题的帖子，我阅读了我能找到的所有内容，但仍然没有解决这个问题。问题可能源于我必须使用 Rstudio 和 TERR（TIBCO Enterprise Runtime for R =）而不是 R，而且一切都在 Parallels VM 中运行。

安装软件包时（在本例中是 Vegan，但也尝试过 devtools、tidyverse 等）我得到以下错误：

> install.packages("vegan", verbose = TRUE)
also installing the dependencies 'lattice' 'Matrix' 'nlme' 'mgcv' 'cluster' 'MASS' 'permute' 
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:

https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/lattice_0.20-41.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/lattice_0.20-41.zip'
  Downloaded 1174416 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Matrix_1.2-18.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/Matrix_1.2-18.zip'
  Downloaded 4523013 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/nlme_3.1-149.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/nlme_3.1-149.zip'
  Downloaded 2378266 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/mgcv_1.8-33.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/mgcv_1.8-33.zip'
  Downloaded 3315098 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/cluster_2.1.0.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/cluster_2.1.0.zip'
  Downloaded 593835 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/MASS_7.3-52.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/MASS_7.3-52.zip'
  Downloaded 1191263 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/permute_0.9-5.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/permute_0.9-5.zip'
  Downloaded 507227 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/vegan_2.5-6.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/vegan_2.5-6.zip'
  Downloaded 3846550 bytes
* installing *binary* package lattice from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\lattice_0.20-41.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no lattice/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package Matrix from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\Matrix_1.2-18.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no Matrix/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package nlme from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\nlme_3.1-149.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no nlme/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package mgcv from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\mgcv_1.8-33.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no mgcv/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package cluster from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\cluster_2.1.0.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no cluster/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package MASS from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\MASS_7.3-52.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no MASS/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package permute from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\permute_0.9-5.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no permute/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package vegan from "C:\\TEMP\\TERR_06cc00291\\downloaded_packages\\vegan_2.5-6.zip" to "\\\\Mac\\Home\\Documents\\TERR\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\\5.1"
'\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported.  Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
    COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no vegan/MD5 file)

这是我的版本信息：

platform           x86_64-w64-mingw32
arch               x86_64
os                 mingw32
system             x86_64, mingw32
status             
major              3
minor              6.2
year               2020
month              05
day                20
svn rev            77560
language           TERR
version.string     TIBCO Enterprise Runtime for R version 5.1.0
                   (2020-05-20)
nickname           Hale Hydra
TERR.version       5.1.0
TERR.edition       Developer Edition
TERR.svn.rev       25477
build              V131
compiler           Intel
compiler.version   Intel(R) C++ Intel(R) 64 Compiler XE for
                   applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version
                   15.0.3.208 Build 20150407
compiler.flags     /W3 /Qdiag-error:63 /EHsc /D_SECURE_SCL=0 /MT /O3
                   /Qipo /Qinline-factor=100 /DNDEBUG
configuration      Release
os.printable       Microsoft Windows
use.mkl            TRUE
use.openmp         TRUE

这是几个 sys.which 命令的输出：

Sys.getenv('PATH')
[1] "C:\\rtools40\\usr\\bin;C:\\Program Files\\TIBCO\\terrde51\\bin\\x64;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Parallels\\Parallels Tools\\Applications;C:\\Windows\\system32;C:\\Windows;C:\\Windows\\System32\\Wbem;C:\\Windows\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\;C:\\Windows\\System32\\OpenSSH\\;${RTOOLS40_HOME}\\usr\\bin;C:\\rtools40\\mingw32\\bin;C:\\Users\\adi\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\WindowsApps;"
> system('where make')
C:\rtools40\usr\bin\make.exe
> Sys.which("ls.exe")
                          ls.exe 
"C:\\rtools40\\usr\\bin\\ls.exe" 
> Sys.which("gcc.exe")
                              gcc.exe 
"C:\\rtools40\\mingw32\\bin\\gcc.exe"

我也尝试将 mingw32 更改为 mingw64。

对于如何解决此问题的任何建议，我将不胜感激！

【问题讨论】：

谢谢@r2evans，我删除了 Rtools40 并安装了 Rtools35。但仍然遇到类似的错误。这次 Rtools 被识别，但我收到以下错误：\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1' CMD.EXE 以上述路径作为当前目录启动。不支持 UNC 路径。默认为 Windows 目录。 * 检查 MD5 校验和不能检查 MD5 CHECKSUMS（可能没有 vegan/MD5 文件）
UNC paths are not supported 和 '\\Mac\Home\Documents\...' 表明您正在尝试做它不能做的事情：使用\\Mac\Home（网络路径......即使它只是在平行之间）。不要安装到\\Mac\Home 路径，而是安装在c:\... 中，然后你可以移动到`\\Mac\Home`，它应该仍然可以工作。请参阅我以前的答案：stackoverflow.com/a/59814948/3358272
谢谢@r2evans！我没有注意到网络位置是安装在 Parallels VM 中的 Rstudio 的默认位置。遵循您的两个建议解决了我的问题。

标签： r rtools terr

【解决方案1】：

您的 Rtools 版本错误。

来自https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/Rtools/：

本文档是关于 rtools40，用于 R 4.0.0 和更新版本的当前版本。有关可用于 R 3.6.3 或更早版本的 Rtools 早期版本的信息，请访问this page。

你有两种方法可以解决这个问题：

将 R 升级为 R-4.0 或更高版本。如果您愿意，您可以卸载 R-3.6，但只要您的工具使用正确版本的 R-4 或更高版本，就没有关系（您通常可以使用并行版本的 R，没有太大问题）。
降级到 Rtools35。虽然您可以保留 Rtools40，但您需要确保 R 看到的 PATH 不包含 Rtools40，这可以在 env-vars 的系统配置中完成，在您的 @ 987654324@/~/.Renviron，或在这两个文件的项目特定版本中。（或者手动，每次......每次......你......开始...... R.）

这听起来像是您拥有控制和管理权限的计算机，所以除非您有理由继续使用 R-3.6.2（例如，与其他系统的兼容性，或者您的项目尚未在 R- 上进行测试） 4) 那么我推荐选项 1。

【讨论】：