Selenium 的远程驱动程序功能发生错误答案

【问题标题】：a error occur in remoteDriver function of RSeleniumSelenium 的远程驱动程序功能发生错误
【发布时间】：2016-10-06 02:03:09
【问题描述】：

我想通过以下代码抓取动态网页上的数据：

> URL<- "http://www.cbooo.cn/realtime"
> library(bitops)
> library(RCurl)
> library(XML)
> library(RSelenium)
> library(magrittr)
> checkForServer()
Warning message:
checkForServer is deprecated.
Users in future can find the function in file.path(find.package("RSelenium"), "example/serverUtils").
The sourcing/starting of a Selenium Server is a users responsiblity. 
Options include manually starting a server see vignette("RSelenium-basics", package = "RSelenium")
and running a docker container see  vignette("RSelenium-docker", package = "RSelenium") 
> startServer()
$stop
function () 
{
    tools::pskill(selPID)
}
<environment: 0x10991af0>

$getPID
function () 
{
    return(selPID)
}
<environment: 0x10991af0>

Warning message:
startServer is deprecated.
Users in future can find the function in file.path(find.package("RSelenium"), "example/serverUtils").
The sourcing/starting of a Selenium Server is a users responsiblity. 
Options include manually starting a server see vignette("RSelenium-basics", package = "RSelenium")
and running a docker container see  vignette("RSelenium-docker", package = "RSelenium") 
> remDrv <- remoteDriver()
> remDrv$browserName="Internet Explorer"
> remDrv$open()
[1] "Connecting to remote server"

Selenium message: The best matching driver provider org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver can't create a new driver instance for Capabilities [{nativeEvents=true, browserName=Internet Explorer, javascriptEnabled=true, version=, platform=ANY}]
Build info: version: '2.53.1', revision: 'a36b8b1', time: '2016-06-30 17:37:03'
System info: host: 'DESKTOP-J0D980N', ip: '10.36.17.76', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_77'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown 
Error:   Summary: UnknownError
     Detail: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command.
     class: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException
     Further Details: run errorDetails method

我无法解决以下问题： 1 checkForServer,startServer 已弃用。 2 连接到远程服务器总是失败，我不知道如何在这个功能中设置一些参数以及应该做什么希望尽快得到答复，谢谢。

【问题讨论】：

您是否安装了 Internet Explorer 或 Edge？如果你有优势，你会打电话给remDr <- remoteDriver(browserName = "MicrosoftEdge")

标签： rselenium

【解决方案1】：

RSelenium 的作者提供了如下解决方案（https://github.com/ropensci/RSelenium/issues/81）：

从 Firefox 48 开始，将需要壁虎驱动程序/木偶来运行带有 Selenium 的 Firefox。

如果您有 Firefox 48，您可以按如下方式运行 gecko 驱动程序：

参考指南

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/QA/Marionette/WebDriver

从以下位置下载相关的壁虎驱动程序 https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

将其添加到您的 PATH 或在启动二进制文件时引用该位置（见下文）

# get beta selenium standalone
RSelenium::checkForServer(beta = TRUE)
# assume gecko driver is not in our path (assume windows and we downloaded to docs folder)
# if the driver is in your PATH the javaargs call is not needed
selServ <- RSelenium::startServer(javaargs = c("-    Dwebdriver.gecko.driver=\"C:/Users/john/Documents/geckodriver.exe\""))
remDr <- remoteDriver(extraCapabilities = list(marionette = TRUE))
remDr$open()
....
....
remDr$close()
selServ$stop()

【讨论】：

我已经使用了@Tien Lin 提供的上述解决方案，它已经奏效了。我已将 geckodriver 放在我的用户文件夹中，并在系统变量中添加了它的路径。我使用的是 Windows 10。以下是我的使用方法：selServ <- startServer() remDr <- remoteDriver(remoteServerAddr = "localhost" , port = 4444 , browserName = "firefox" , extraCapabilities = list(marionette = TRUE))。然后是明显的remDr$open 和remDr$navigate(toURL)。我的错误是升级版本...

【解决方案2】：

为了产生一个可行的工作解决方案，我会使用旧版本的 RSelenium 以及所有包含此代码的东西。

if (!require("XML")) {
  install.packages("XML",repos= 'https://cloud.r-project.org') 
  library("XML")
}
#XML is a dependency
if (!require("RSelenium")) {
  install.packages("https://cran.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive/RSelenium/RSelenium_1.3.5.tar.gz", repos=NULL, type="source", dependencies = TRUE)
  library("RSelenium")
}
download.file('http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/2.53/selenium-server-standalone-2.53.1.jar', destfile = "~/Documents/R/library/RSelenium/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar")

#start server
system('java -jar "~/Documents/R/library/RSelenium/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar"')

library(RSelenium)
checkForServer()
startServer()

这不是最佳解决方案。但是一个可行的解决方案。

【讨论】：