具有比较日期的 oracle 无效格式模型

Question

我正在尝试运行以下查询。我从参数传递日期

SELECT to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 TIMESTAMP
    ,sum(TwoG) TwoG
    ,sum(ThreeG) ThreeG
    ,sum(FourG) FourG
FROM (
    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown

    UNION ALL

    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown_TFVF
    )
WHERE trunc(TIMESTAMP) = trunc(to_date('03-Apr-16', 'dd-Mon-yy'))
    AND Type = 'Network'
GROUP BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
ORDER BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1

查询错误：ORA-01481：无效数字格式模型

以下查询有效。我只是想将sysdate 更改为一个日期字符串，我通过用户在 php 中的输入作为参数传递。为什么它被乘以 1 我不知道，它是一个可以工作并提供所需结果的查询。

SELECT to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
    ,sum(TwoG) TwoG
    ,sum(ThreeG) ThreeG
    ,sum(FourG) FourG
FROM (
    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown

    UNION ALL

    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown_TFVF
    )
WHERE trunc(TIMESTAMP) = trunc(sysdate-1)
    AND Type = 'Network'
GROUP BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
ORDER BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1

Answer 1

问题出在最后一行：

ORDER BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1

在 order-by 子句中，它将 TIMESTAMP 视为选择列表中的列别名，而不是表中的原始 TIMESTAMP；所以它包含一个数字，而不是时间戳。

因此，如果您有一个小时值为 13 的时间戳，比如说，您正在做

ORDER BY to_char(13, 'HH24') * 1`

...第一个参数是一个数字，您使用的是TO_CHAR() 的数字版本，而HH24 不是一个有效的格式模型。这是错误消息所说的内容。

你可以这样做：

ORDER BY TIMESTAMP;

要使用原始模式，您需要为内联视图提供表别名，然后在 order-by 中使用该别名来限定 TIMESTAMP。默认情况下，它使用列别名版本。

Answer 2

order by 最后被执行。在执行order by 时，您将在select 语句中派生一个新列timestamp。要克服它，只需按顺序使用timestamp

SELECT to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 TIMESTAMP
    ,sum(TwoG) TwoG
    ,sum(ThreeG) ThreeG
    ,sum(FourG) FourG
FROM (
    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown

    UNION ALL

    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown_TFVF
    )
WHERE trunc(TIMESTAMP) = trunc(to_date('03-APR-16', 'dd-Mon-yy'))
    AND Type = 'Network'
GROUP BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
ORDER BY TIMESTAMP  -- TIMESTAMP here refers to derived column at line 1

或者使用这个

SELECT to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 TIMESTAMP1 -- Or use different alias
    ,sum(TwoG) TwoG 
    ,sum(ThreeG) ThreeG
    ,sum(FourG) FourG
FROM (
    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown

    UNION ALL

    SELECT *
    FROM T_CA_Cellsdown_TFVF
    )
WHERE trunc(TIMESTAMP) = trunc(to_date('03-APR-16', 'dd-Mon-yy'))
    AND Type = 'Network'
GROUP BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
ORDER BY to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1

我在这里复制了这个问题。 - 这行不通。

select  to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 TIMESTAMP,sum(col1) from 
(
select sysdate-1 as TIMESTAMP,1 as col1 from dual 
union all
select sysdate-1 as TIMESTAMP,2 as col1 from dual 
)
where trunc(sysdate)=trunc(to_date('04-APR-16','Dd-Mon-YY'))
group by to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
order by to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 

但是这个语句会起作用。

select  to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 TIMESTAMP1,sum(col1) from (
select sysdate-1 as TIMESTAMP,1 as col1 from dual 
union all
select sysdate-1 as TIMESTAMP,2 as col1 from dual 
)
where trunc(sysdate)=trunc(to_date('04-APR-16','Dd-Mon-YY'))
group by to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1
order by to_char(TIMESTAMP, 'HH24') * 1 --As TIMESTAMP is now reflecting the column from inner table.