如何水平而不是垂直显示行？答案

【问题标题】：How to show rows horizontally instead of vertically?如何水平而不是垂直显示行？
【发布时间】：2019-07-14 06:30:56
【问题描述】：

我收到这样的记录：

Rev-- Status-- Remarks-- RemarksDate -- User
0     prepared  done     12/jul/2019    John
0     approved  done     12/jul/2019    Amy
0     Issued    done     13/jul/2019    Tom
1     REOPENED  done     14/jul/2019    John
1     Prepared  done     14/jul/2019    Ritz

但我想这样显示

Rev   PreparedBy APprovedBy IssuedBy REOPENEDBy  Date
0     John       Amy        Tom      John        onlyissuedate
1     John       Ritz       Marine   Riya            //

我试图在不改变表结构的情况下实现这一点，但不能。

查询：

        Select * from table

不需要在第二种格式中包含备注。

准备好了，我使用status# 0 和approve 1，issue 3，reopened 5。

【问题讨论】：

标签： sql sql-server tsql sql-server-2012

【解决方案1】：

透视查询方法应该在这里工作：

SELECT
    rh.Rev,
    MAX(CASE WHEN rh.Status = 'prepared' THEN rh.RemarksByName END) AS PreparedBy,
    MAX(CASE WHEN rh.Status = 'approved' THEN rh.RemarksByName END) AS ApprovedBy,
    MAX(CASE WHEN rh.Status = 'Issued'   THEN rh.RemarksByName END) AS IssuedBy,
    MAX(CASE WHEN rh.Status = 'REOPENED' THEN rh.RemarksByName END) AS reopenedBy,
    MAX(CASE WHEN rh.Status = 'Issued'   THEN rh.RemarksDate END)   AS Date
FROM RemarksHisotry rh
INNER JOIN inspectionReport ir
    ON ir.InspectionReportID = rh.InspectionReportID
INNER JOIN Status s
    ON s.StatusID = rh.[Status]
WHERE
    ir.VelosiReportNo = @InspectionReportNo
GROUP BY
    rh.Rev
ORDER BY
    rh.Rev;

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

这可能会有所帮助。

DECLARE @TempData TABLE(Rev VARCHAR(10),Status VARCHAR(50),Remarks VARCHAR(50),RemarksDate DATE,UserName VARCHAR(50))
INSERT INTO  @TempData VALUES
('0',     'Prepared',  'done',     '12/jul/2019',    'John'),
('0',     'Approved',  'done',     '12/jul/2019',    'Amy '),
('0',     'Issued  ',  'done',     '13/jul/2019',    'Tom '),
('0',     'Reopened',  'done',     '14/jul/2019',    'John'),
('1',     'Reopened',  'done',     '14/jul/2019',    'Marine'),
('1',     'Prepared',  'done',     '14/jul/2019',    'John'),
('1',     'Approved',  'done',     '12/jul/2019',    'Ritz '),
('1',     'Issued',    'done',     '14/jul/2019',    'John')

SELECT pvtValue.Rev
      ,pvtValue.Prepared PreparedBy
      ,pvtValue.Approved ApprovedBy
      ,pvtValue.Issued IssuedBy
      ,pvtValue.Reopened ReopenedBy
      ,t.RemarksDate IssueDate
FROM( 
     SELECT Rev,Status,UserName
     FROM  @TempData

     ) pvt
     PIVOT (MAX(UserName) FOR STATUS IN (Prepared,Approved,Issued, Reopened )
     ) pvtValue 
     LEFT JOIN @TempData t ON pvtValue.Issued = t.UserName AND pvtValue.Rev = t.Rev AND t.Status = 'Issued'

【讨论】：

是的，这只是 PIVOT 的工作。

【解决方案3】：

您可以简单地实现这一点，而无需JOIN 同一张表的任何副本。您所需要的只是一种将每行值转换为列的方法（我们将为此使用CASE WHEN），我们将把它与聚合函数MAX结合起来，它将忽略我们在案例中指定的NULL值以上。

select 
    rev,
    max(case when status='prepared' then user        else null end) preparedBy,
    max(case when status='approved' then user        else null end) approvedBy,
    max(case when status='Issued'   then user        else null end) IssuedBy  ,
    max(case when status='REOPENED' then user        else null end) reopenedBy,
    max(case when status='Issued'   then remarksdate else null end) date
from
    table_name
group by
    rev
order by
    rev

【讨论】：

@Stacky 我编辑了我的帖子，我之前的帖子在我完成之前就被接受了