Where 子句中的 SQL 案例语句

Question

我有一个带有accounting_period 的表格，2011 年 1 月的 201101，2011 年 2 月的 201102 等。
我正在尝试对本季度的列 (eff_cc) 求和。也就是说，我想获取 2011 年 1 月、2 月和 3 月第一季度某个日期的数据总和，等等。

所以，我在 where 子句中使用了 Case 语句。基本上我说（在 where 子句中）：

• 如果当前月份是1、4、7或10，则获取该月份的数据；
• 如果当前月份是2、5、8或11，则获取当前月份和上个月的数据；和
• 如果当前月份是 3、6、9 或 12，则获取当前和前两个月的数据

不想工作。代码如下。

select phase_code, accounting_period, sum(eff_cc) as BD_Eff_QTD, 
from prj_detail
where 
    case month(getdate()) % 3
        when  1 then    -- current month is 1,4,7,10
            accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())),2)
        when 2 then     -- current month is 2, 5, 8, 11
            (accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())),2) or 
            accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())-1),2))
        when 3 then     -- current month is 3, 6, 9, 12
            (accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())),2) or 
            accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())-1),2) or
            accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())-2),2))
    end
group by phase_code, accounting_period

Answer 1

您可以为此使用 CTE：

（我还假设所有条目都使用交易日期而不是 getdate()）

CREATE TABLE prj_detail
(phase_code VARCHAR(10)
, transaction_date DATETIME
, eff_cc INT)

INSERT INTO prj_detail
SELECT 'c',GETDATE(),11000
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',GETDATE(),1100
UNION ALL SELECT 'b','01/01/2010',2100
UNION ALL SELECT 'c','01/01/2009',500
UNION ALL SELECT 'a','05/01/2010',7800
UNION ALL SELECT 'b','07/01/2008',6000


WITH PhaseCode (phase_code, accounting_period, eff_cc)

AS 

(SELECT phase_code
,  case month(transaction_date) % 3
        when 1 then    -- current month is 1,4,7,10
            right(Year(transaction_date),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(transaction_date)),2)
        when 2 then     -- current month is 2, 5, 8, 11
            right(Year(transaction_date),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(transaction_date)-1),2)
        when 3 then     -- current month is 3, 6, 9, 12
            right(Year(transaction_date),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(transaction_date)-2),2)
    END accounting_period
, eff_cc
from prj_detail)

SELECT phase_code, accounting_period, SUM(eff_cc) AS BD_Eff_QTD
FROM PhaseCode
GROUP BY phase_code, accounting_period

插入行几次后的结果：

phase_code  accounting_period   BD_Eff_QTD
b   200807  12000
c   200901  1000
b   201001  4200
a   201004  15600
a   201101  13200
c   201101  11000

Answer 2

感谢大家的及时和有用的回复（不要居高临下）

我根据您的意见设计了一个解决方案。本质上，我创建了一个子查询，其中包含相关数据和一个新列 (Qtr)。此列评估 accounting_period，并为每一行分配 1、2、3 或 4。
然后，我围绕这个子查询包装了另一个选择，使用 where 子句将“Qtr”与当前季度进行比较（来自 getDate）

select phase_code, sum(BD_Eff_QTD) as BD_Eff_QTD
from 
(
select phase_code, accounting_period, sum(eff_pc) as BD_Eff_QTD,
'Qtr' = 
case
when cast (substring(convert(varchar, accounting_period),5,2) as int) <= 3 then 1
when cast (substring(convert(varchar, accounting_period),5,2) as int) <= 6 then 2
when cast (substring(convert(varchar, accounting_period),5,2) as int) <=9 then 3
else 4
end
from prj_detail
group by phase_code, accounting_period
) X
where CurQtr = datepart(qq,getDate()) 
group by phase_code

也许这效率低下，但我每周只运行一次，所以性能不是大问题。 再次感谢大家。

Answer 3

这不是编写 CASE 语句的正确方法，因为它返回一个 BOOLEAN，在 SQL Server 中不能单独存在。只需将它们分成 3 个 OR 子句

select phase_code, accounting_period, sum(eff_cc) as BD_Eff_QTD
from prj_detail
where 
(    month(getdate()) % 3 = 1 AND -- current month is 1,4,7,10
    accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())),2))
    OR
(    month(getdate()) % 3 = 2 AND -- current month is 2, 5, 8, 11
    (accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())),2) or 
    accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())-1),2)))
    OR
(    month(getdate()) % 3 = 2 AND -- current month is 3, 6, 9, 12
    (accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())),2) or 
    accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())-1),2) or
    accounting_period = right(Year(getDate()),4) + Right('0' + rtrim(month(getDate())-2),2)))
group by phase_code, accounting_period

Answer 4

试试这个（我假设它的 SQL Server）：

SELECT phase_code, 
       accounting_period, 
       SUM(eff_cc) OVER(PARTITION BY phase_code, yr, qt )AS bd_eff_qtd
  FROM   (SELECT a.*, 
                 CAST(Substring(accounting_period, 1, 4) AS INT)     yr, 
                 (CAST(Substring(accounting_period, 5, 2) AS INT) - 1)/ 3 qt 
          FROM   prj_detail a) a 

例如：

CREATE TABLE #prj_detail
(
 phase_code VARCHAR(10),
 accounting_period  VARCHAR(10),
 eff_cc INT
)
INSERT INTO #prj_detail
SELECT '1', '201101', 1
UNION
SELECT '1', '201102', 2
UNION
SELECT '1', '201103', 2
UNION
SELECT '1', '201104', 1
UNION
SELECT '1', '201105', 1
UNION
SELECT '1', '201106', 1
UNION
SELECT '1', '201107', 3


SELECT phase_code, 
       accounting_period, 
       SUM(eff_cc) OVER(PARTITION BY phase_code, yr, qt )AS bd_eff_qtd
  FROM   (SELECT a.*, 
                 CAST(Substring(accounting_period, 1, 4) AS INT)     yr, 
                 (CAST(Substring(accounting_period, 5, 2) AS INT) - 1)/ 3 qt 
          FROM   #prj_detail a) a