SQL如果不存在则插入否则更新[重复]

Question

我有一个在下面工作的存储过程：

--Stored procedure to update data in Data_Archive.dbo.company
CREATE PROC dbo.TransferCompanyInfo
as
BEGIN TRAN
INSERT INTO Data_Archive.dbo.Company
Select 
CompanyID,
CompanyName,
Address1,
Address2,
Address3,
Address4,
ZipCode,
FROM OLD.dbo.company 
where not exists (select Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyID from                   Data_Archive.dbo.Company
WHERE CompanyID = OLD.dbo.Company.CompanyID)

Update Data_Archive.dbo.Company
Set 
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyID = b.CompanyID,
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyName = b.CompanyName,
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address1 = b.Address1,
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address2 = b.Address2,
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address3 = b.Address3,
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address4 = b.Address4,
Data_Archive.dbo.Company.ZipCode = b.ZipCode,
From Data_Archive.dbo.Company a, OLD.dbo.Company b
Where a.CompanyID = b.CompanyID


IF @@ERROR <> 0
            BEGIN
                ROLLBACK TRAN
                RAISERROR ('Error occured while copying data to TachographData_Archive.dbo.company', 16, 1)
                RETURN -1
           END

 IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
     BEGIN
           COMMIT TRAN
           RETURN 0
     END

但是我想知道如何使它更快，因为目前它必须扫描表以查看是否不存在，然后插入，然后再次扫描并更新。我在想如果我这样做 if exists update else insert 它会使它更快，但我不知道如何重新格式化它。目前我尝试了下面的代码但不起作用：

--更新Data_Archive.dbo.company中数据的存储过程

 CREATE PROC dbo.TransferCompanyInfo
    as
    BEGIN TRAN
    Update Data_Archive.dbo.Company
    Set 
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyID = b.CompanyID,
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyName = b.CompanyName,
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address1 = b.Address1,
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address2 = b.Address2,
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address3 = b.Address3,
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address4 = b.Address4,
    Data_Archive.dbo.Company.ZipCode = b.ZipCode,
    From Data_Archive.dbo.Company a, OLD.dbo.Company b
    Where a.CompanyID = b.CompanyID

    ELSE
    INSERT INTO Data_Archive.dbo.Company
    Select 
    CompanyID,
    CompanyName,
    Address1,
    Address2,
    Address3,
    Address4,
    ZipCode,
    FROM OLD.dbo.company 
    where not exists (select Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyID from                   Data_Archive.dbo.Company
    WHERE CompanyID = OLD.dbo.Company.CompanyID)



    IF @@ERROR <> 0
                BEGIN
                    ROLLBACK TRAN
                    RAISERROR ('Error occured while copying data to TachographData_Archive.dbo.company', 16, 1)
                    RETURN -1
               END

     IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
         BEGIN
               COMMIT TRAN
               RETURN 0
         END

Answer 1

您可以为此使用MERGE：

MERGE Data_Archive.dbo.Company WITH (HOLDLOCK) AS a
USING OLD.dbo.Company AS o
    ON a.CompanyID = b.CompanyID
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE    
    SET CompanyName = o.CompanyName,
        Address1 = o.Address1,
        Address2 = o.Address2,
        Address3 = o.Address3,
        Address4 = o.Address4,
        ZipCode = o.ZipCode
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN 
    INSERT (CompanyName, Address1, Address2, Address3, Address4, ZipCode)
    VALUES (o.CompanyName, o.Address1, o.Address2, o.Address3, o.Address4, o.ZipCode)
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN DELETE;

这将更新所有存在的记录，插入任何新记录，并从存档中删除已从OLD 数据库中删除的所有记录。如果不需要最后一位，则只需删除WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN DELETE。

使用HOLDLOCK 将确保您不会遇到race condition，尽管MERGE 仍然有some quirks，但我认为它们不会成为问题。

这样做的主要好处是 SQL 在单个事务中管理它，因此您无需检查一个部分是否失败然后回滚事务。

Answer 2

使用MERGE 语句：

MERGE INTO Stg.Data_Archive.dbo.Company AS tbl
USING (
    SELECT old.CompanyID, old.CompanyName, old.Address1, old.Address2, old.Address3, old.Address4, old.ZipCode
    FROM OLD.dbo.Company AS old
    LEFT OUTER JOIN Data_Archive.dbo.Company AS new
    ON old.CompanyID = new.CompanyID 
    WHERE new.CompanyID IS NOT NULL) AS source
ON tbl.CompanyID=source.CompanyID
WHEN MATCHED THEN --if i find a row, update
    UPDATE SET
    tbl.CompanyID = source.CompanyID,
    tbl.CompanyName = source.CompanyName,
    tbl.Address1 = source.Address1,
    tbl.Address2 = source.Address2,
    tbl.Address3 = source.Address3,
    tbl.Address4 = source.Address4,
    tbl.ZipCode = source.ZipCode
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN --if not, insert a new one
    INSERT (CompanyID, CompanyName, Address1, Address2, Address3, Address4, ZipCode)
    VALUES (source.CompanyID, source.CompanyName, source.Address1, source.Address2, source.Address3, source.Address4, source.ZipCode);

Answer 3

BEGIN TRY
      SET NOCOUNT ON
      DECLARE @l_numberOfRecordsInserted INT       
         BEGIN
               RAISERROR ( N'Invalid Application User ID %d passed.'
               ,17
               ,1
               ,-1 )
         END
      IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 
                          1
                      FROM
                          Data_Archive.dbo.Company
                      WHERE
                          ( CompanyID  = @i_CompanyID  )
                          AND CompanyName = @vc_CompanyName ) 
         BEGIN
               INSERT INTO
                   Data_Archive.dbo.Company
                   (
                    CompanyID,
                    CompanyName,
                    Address1,
                    Address2,
                    Address3,
                    Address4,
                    ZipCode
                   )
            Select  CompanyID,
                    CompanyName,
                    Address1,
                    Address2,
                    Address3,
                    Address4,
                    ZipCode
                      FROM OLD.dbo.company 
    where not exists (select Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyID from  Data_Archive.dbo.Company
                                    WHERE CompanyID = @i_CompanyID)


         END
      ELSE
         BEGIN
              Update Data_Archive.dbo.Company
                            Set 
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyID = b.CompanyID,
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.CompanyName = b.CompanyName,
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address1 = b.Address1,
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address2 = b.Address2,
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address3 = b.Address3,
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.Address4 = b.Address4,
                            Data_Archive.dbo.Company.ZipCode = b.ZipCode,
                            From Data_Archive.dbo.Company a, OLD.dbo.Company b
                            Where a.CompanyID = @i_CompanyID

         END

      RETURN 0
END TRY        
--------------------------------------------------------         
BEGIN CATCH        
    -- Handle exception        
      DECLARE @i_ReturnedErrorID INT
      EXECUTE @i_ReturnedErrorID = dbo.usp_HandleException @i_UserId = @i_AppUserId

      RETURN @i_ReturnedErrorID
END CATCH

Answer 4

您可以尝试改用Merge 语句。我相信这应该适合你：

Merge Into Data_Archive.dbo.Company As Target
Using
(
    Select  CompanyID,
            CompanyName,
            Address1,
            Address2,
            Address3,
            Address4,
            ZipCode
    From    OLD.dbo.company 
) As Source On  Source.CompanyID = Target.CompanyID
When Not Matched Then 
    Insert (CompanyID, CompanyName, Address1, Address2, Address3, Address4, ZipCode)
    Values (Source.CompanyID, Source.CompanyName, Source.Address1, Source.Address2, Source.Address3, Source.Address4, Source.ZipCode)
When Matched Then
    Update
    Set     CompanyName = Source.CompanyName,
            Address1    = Source.Address1,
            Address2    = Source.Address2,
            Address3    = Source.Address3,
            Address4    = Source.Address4,
            ZipCode     = Source.ZipCode
;