动态 SQL 滚动 12 个月数据透视

Question

我是动态 SQL 的新手。我有下表：

CustName	Date	Hours
First	01/01/2021	12
Second	01/01/2021	10
Second	05/02/2021	1
Second	10/11/2021	14

我正在尝试为过去 12 个月的总小时数制作一个滚动日历 Pivot。

这是我做的代码：

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

    select @cols = STUFF(
    (SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(DATENAME(mm,Date) + ' of ' 
    + DATENAME(year,Date)) AS months_ago
          FROM [TimeEntryList]  
          WHERE Date > DATEADD(year, -1, 
    DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), 1))
    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
    ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
,1,1,'')


 set @query = 'SELECT CustName, ' + @cols + ' 
 from ( select 
   [CustName], 
   datename(mm,[Date])+'' of ''+datename(year,[Date])AS 
   months_ago, [Hours] AS NetQty 
   from [TimeEntryList] 
    WHERE [Date] > DATEADD(year, -1, 
  DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), 1))
 ) as source 
 pivot 
 ( 
 sum(NetQty) For months_ago  in (' + @cols + ')
 ) as PivotTable'

execute sp_executesql @query;

这“有点”我想要的效果，但列不是从当前日期倒序排列的。

我希望它从当前月份开始倒数。因此，如果这个月是 8 月，那将是：

CustName	Sep 2020	.... months	August 2021
First	12		14
Second	3		12

有没有一种好方法可以从 Dynamic SQL 中的当前月份开始，然后返回 12 个月？

我试过'order by months_ago desc'等，但这不起作用

Answer 1

您只需要添加一个WHERE 过滤器。这需要在查询的两个部分中。

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @cols = STUFF(
    (SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(DATENAME(mm, EOMONTH(Date)) + ' of ' + DATENAME(year, EOMONTH(Date))) AS months_ago
    FROM [TimeEntryList]  
    WHERE [Date] > DATEADD(year, -1, DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), 1))
    GROUP BY EOMONTH(Date)
    ORDER BY EOMONTH(Date)
    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
    ).value('text()[1]', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
,1,1,'');

SET @query = '
SELECT
  CustName,
  ' + @cols + ' 
from (
  select 
    [CustName], 
    datename(mm,[Date])+'' of ''+datename(year,[Date])AS months_ago, [Hours] AS 
    NetQty 
   from [TimeEntryList]
   WHERE [Date] > DATEADD(year, -1, DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), 1))
 ) as source 
pivot 
  ( 
   sum(NetQty) For months_ago  in (' + @cols + ')
  ) as PivotTable;
';

execute sp_executesql @query;

您甚至可以传递开始日期参数，如下所示：

DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @dateFrom datetime;

SET @dateFrom = DATEADD(year, -1, DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), 1));

SET @cols = STUFF(
    (SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(DATENAME(mm,EOMONTH(Date)) + ' of ' + DATENAME(year,EOMONTH(Date)) AS months_ago
    FROM [TimeEntryList]  
    WHERE [Date] > @dateFrom
    GROUP BY EOMONTH(Date)
    ORDER BY EOMONTH(Date)
    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
    ).value('text()[1]', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
,1,1,'');

SET @query = '
SELECT
  CustName,
  ' + @cols + ' 
from (
  select 
    [CustName], 
    datename(mm,[Date])+'' of ''+datename(year,[Date])AS months_ago, [Hours] AS 
    NetQty 
   from [TimeEntryList]
   WHERE [Date] > @dateFrom
 ) as source 
pivot 
  ( 
   sum(NetQty) For months_ago  in (' + @cols + ')
  ) as PivotTable;
';

execute sp_executesql
    @query
    N'@dateFrom datetime',
    @dateFrom = @dateFrom;