用 Java 保存文件

Question

所以，我正在尝试将在我的 java 程序中创建的数据保存到用户使用 JFILECHOOSER 选择的新文件中。我让程序选择保存文件，但是当它将数据写入文件时，我收到了这个错误：

Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NullPointerException
    at q1.Heaps.countOccurance(Heaps.java:131)
    at q1.Heaps.save(Heaps.java:155)
    at q1.createGui$Save.actionPerformed(Gui.java:219)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton$Handler.actionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.doClick(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicMenuItemUI.doClick(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicMenuItemUI$Handler.mouseReleased(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.AWTEventMulticaster.mouseReleased(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$200(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)

从这个角度看，错误发生在countOccurance 方法中，但随后出现了让我失望的 AWT-EventQueue。当我查看countOccurance 时，我看不到任何错误，一切看起来都很好。所以我不知道为什么我会收到错误，除了它与NullPointerException

堆类：

public int countOccurance(Comparable data2){
        int count = 0;
        for (int i =0; i < size; i++){
            if(data[i].equals(data2)){
                count++;
            }
        }
        return count;
    }

public boolean save(File file) throws FileNotFoundException{
        if(isEmpty()){
            return false;
        }

        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(file);
        for(int i =0; i < size; i++){
            writer.println(data[i] + " occurs " + countOccurance(data[i]) + " time(s)");
        }
        writer.close();
        return true;
    }

我的 Actionlistner 来保存一个新文件：

class Save implements ActionListener {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
        JFileChooser file = new JFileChooser("Save");
        if (file.showSaveDialog(null)==JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION){
            try {
            boolean done = heap.save(file.getSelectedFile());
            if(done){
                infofield.append("Save done to " + file.getSelectedFile());
            }else{
                infofield.append("Save failed: Heap might be empty");
            }

            } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

data[] 在保存之前被初始化，否则size 将为 0。不会保存任何内容。在add 函数中将元素添加到data[] 时，size 会增加。因此size 是数组data[] 中的元素数。

Answer 1

问题（据我了解）是：为什么我会收到 NullPointerExcepttion

答案：因为，根据提供的代码，data[] 为空。

这怎么不是问题的答案？顺便说一句，尽管进行了编辑，但仍然是我的答案。如果没有将其作为答案删除，我将很乐意详细说明。

请注意，整个数据数组不必为空。被测试的元素 (data[i]) 可能为空。避免异常的一种方法是按如下方式更改代码。

public int countOccurance(Comparable data2){
    int count = 0;
    for (int i =0; i < size; i++){
        if(data[i] != null && data[i].equals(data2)){
            count++;
        }
    }
    return count;
}

这将忽略数据中的空值并仅计算非空值。

AWT-EventQueue 出现在您的堆栈跟踪中，因为异常发生在 AWT 事件（按键）上