将带有事件处理程序的绘图添加到空布局答案

【问题标题】：Adding a plot with event handlers to an empty layout将带有事件处理程序的绘图添加到空布局
【发布时间】：2019-07-24 19:06:37
【问题描述】：

我制作了一个交互式绘图，您可以单击它来绘制点。我想将它添加到 PyQt5 GUI，但我不确定如何将所述绘图链接到我在 GUI 中创建的画布。

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.pyplot import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

class MyWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyWindow, self).__init__()
        central = QtWidgets.QWidget(self)
        self.VL = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(central)
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure())
        self.VL.addWidget(self.canvas)

        self.setWindowTitle("Click to Plot")
        self.setCentralWidget(central)

        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure())
        self.VL.addWidget(self.canvas)
        self.ax1f1 = self.canvas.figure.subplots()

        self.ax1f1.set_ylim([0, 100])
        self.ax1f1.set_xlim([0, 0.5])

    class LineBuilder:
        def __init__(self, line):
            self.line = line
            self.xs = list(line.get_xdata())
            self.ys = list(line.get_ydata())
            self.cid = line.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.click)

        def click(self, event):
            if event.inaxes != self.line.axes:
                return
            self.xs.append(event.xdata)
            self.ys.append(event.ydata)
            self.line.set_data(self.xs, self.ys)
            self.line.figure.canvas.draw()

    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    ax.set_title('Click to add a point')
    line, = ax.plot([], [], 'o')  # empty point
    linebuilder = LineBuilder(line)

    plt.show()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys

    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MyWindow()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

我没有收到错误，图表显示正常，但不在 GUI 内。

【问题讨论】：

标签： python matplotlib pyqt5

【解决方案1】：

我不明白您为什么要创建多个图形，而您几乎只需创建一个图形，将其添加到画布，然后将该图形用于其余代码

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.pyplot import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


class MyWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MyWindow, self).__init__()
        central = QtWidgets.QWidget(self)
        self.VL = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(central)
        self.fig = Figure()
        self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.ax.set_title('Click to add a point')
        self.line, = self.ax.plot([], [], 'o')  # empty point

        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)
        self.VL.addWidget(self.canvas)

        self.setWindowTitle("Click to Plot")
        self.setCentralWidget(central)

        self.ax.set_ylim([0, 100])
        self.ax.set_xlim([0, 0.5])

        self.LB = LineBuilder(self.line)


class LineBuilder:
    def __init__(self, line):
        self.line = line
        self.xs = list(line.get_xdata())
        self.ys = list(line.get_ydata())
        self.cid = line.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.click)

    def click(self, event):
        if event.inaxes != self.line.axes:
            return
        self.xs.append(event.xdata)
        self.ys.append(event.ydata)
        self.line.set_data(self.xs, self.ys)
        self.line.figure.canvas.draw()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys

    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MyWindow()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

【讨论】：