这个 SQL CREATE + INSERT 批处理有什么问题？

Question

这条 SQL 语句有什么问题？

Create table JaretsSchedule
(
    ScheduleID Int Primary Key NOT NULL,
    FieldID Int NOT NULL,
    HomeTeamID Int NOT NULL,
    AwayTeamID Int NOT NULL,
    GameTime DateTime NOT NULL
);

Insert into JaretsSchedule
Values 
(1, 1, 1, 2, '2012-10-02 12:00:00'),
(1, 1, 1, 3, '2012-10-17 12:00:00'),
(1, 1, 1, 4, '2012-09-23 12:00:00'),
(1, 2, 2, 1, '2012-09-12 12:00:00'),
(1, 3, 3, 1, '2012-08-19 12:00:00'),
(1, 4, 4, 1, '2012-07-25 12:00:00'),
(2, 2, 2, 1, '2012-09-15 12:00:00'),
(2, 2, 2, 3, '2012-09-06 12:00:00'),
(2, 2, 2, 4, '2012-08-28 12:00:00'),
(2, 1, 1, 2, '2012-10-02 12:00:00'),
(2, 3, 3, 2, '2012-08-11 12:00:00'),
(2, 4, 4, 2, '2012-07-17 12:00:00'),
(3, 3, 3, 1, '2012-08-19 12:00:00'),
(3, 3, 3, 2, '2012-08-11 12:00:00'),
(3, 3, 3, 4, '2012-08-03 12:00:00'),
(3, 1, 1, 3, '2012-10-17 12:00:00'),
(3, 2, 2, 3, '2012-10-17 12:00:00'),
(3, 4, 4, 3, '2012-07-09 12:00:00'),
(4, 4, 4, 1, '2012-07-25 12:00:00'),
(4, 4, 4, 2, '2012-07-17 12:00:00'),
(4, 4, 4, 3, '2012-07-09 12:00:00'),
(4, 1, 1, 4, '2012-09-23 12:00:00'),
(4, 2, 2, 4, '2012-08-28 12:00:00'),
(4, 3, 3, 4, '2012-08-03 12:00:00');

结果错误：

消息 2627，第 14 级，状态 1，第 8 行
违反主键约束“PK__JaretsSc__9C8A5B696CFE9A03”。无法在对象“dbo.JaretsSchedule”中插入重复键。重复键值为 (1)。

Answer 1

错误消息实际上是在告诉您问题所在。您不能为已定义为主键的 ScheduleID 列多次插入相同的值。此处的解决方法是仅将此列设为标识/自动增量列。然后，插入时甚至不要包含它的值。相反，让 SQL Server 处理它：

CREATE TABLE JaretsSchedule (
    ScheduleID INT NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
    FieldID INT NOT NULL,
    HomeTeamID INT NOT NULL,
    AwayTeamID INT NOT NULL,
    GameTime DateTime NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO JaretsSchedule (FieldID, HomeTeamID, AwayTeamID, GameTime)
VALUES
    (1, 1, 2, '2012-10-02 12:00:00'),
    (1, 1, 3, '2012-10-17 12:00:00'),
    (1, 1, 4, '2012-09-23 12:00:00'),
    ...

还请注意，我按顺序明确列出了作为插入目标的列。这也是最佳实践，可以避免以后可能不清楚VALUES 子句中的数据对应于哪些列的情况。