使用循环打开文件路径中的所有excel文件后，有没有办法通过vba创建工作簿变量来引用这些文件？

Question

Dim MyFolder As String
Dim MyFile As String
MyFolder = "C:--"
(leaving out the file path)
MyFile = Dir(MyFolder & "\*.xlsx")

Do While MyFile <> ""
    Workbooks.Open fileName:=MyFolder & "\" & MyFile
    MyFile = Dir
Loop

(see paragraph below)

Workbook.Open
Dim wbk1 as workbook
Set wbk1 = ActiveWorkbook
(can reference workbook like this)
wbk1.Activate

我检查了其他几个论坛，发现您可以通过首先打开它们来引用其他工作簿，然后创建一个变量并将其设置为上面第二个代码段中列出的打开的工作簿。

当我试图想办法为这个特定文件路径中的所有文件创建引用变量时，我意识到我无法在运行时动态命名不同的变量以将每个工作簿设置为不同的工作簿变量。

那么，除了完成我要完成的任务之外，还有其他方法吗？或者有没有办法动态创建变量？

Answer 1

这是你的做法：（这会以新名称的模板形式打开）

Dim wb1 as Workbook
Set wb1 = Workbooks.Add(MyFile)

或者：（如果工作簿已经打开，这将失败）（如果您以后需要能够保存它，请使用这个）

Dim wb1 as Workbook
Set wb1 = Workbooks.Open(MyFile)

然后你可以像这样创建一个工作表对象：

Dim ws1 as Worksheet
Set ws1 = wb1.Worksheets(1)

然后，只要您想引用该表上的某些内容，例如 Range 或 Cell，请务必使用 Worksheet 引用来限定它，如下所示：

Dim rng as Range
Set rng = ws1.Range("A1:B1")

Answer 2

您可以使用数组、集合或字典来保存对多个工作簿的引用。
最好打开一个工作簿，执行您需要的操作，关闭它，然后使用相同的变量打开下一个工作簿。

注意：要在变量中正确存储工作簿，请使用@brax 提供的代码。

但是...这是你要求的：

此代码将打开文件夹中的每个工作簿，然后返回有关每个工作簿的信息。

Option Explicit 'You wouldn't believe how important this is at the top of your module!

Public Sub Test()

    Dim MyFolder As String
    Dim MyFiles As Collection
    Dim wrkBk As Workbook
    Dim sFile As String
    Dim secAutomation As MsoAutomationSecurity

    MyFolder = "C:\"
    Set MyFiles = New Collection

    'We don't want any WorkBook_Open macros to fire when we open the file,
    'so remember the current setting and then disable it.
    secAutomation = Application.AutomationSecurity
    Application.AutomationSecurity = msoAutomationSecurityForceDisable

    sFile = Dir$(MyFolder & "*.xls*")
    Do While Len(sFile) > 0
        'We don't want to open the file if it's got the same name as this one.
        If sFile <> ThisWorkbook.Name Then
            'Open the workbook and add it to the collection, give it a key of the file name.
            Set wrkBk = Workbooks.Open(MyFolder & sFile)
            MyFiles.Add wrkBk, wrkBk.Name
            Set wrkBk = Nothing
        End If
        sFile = Dir$
    Loop

    'Reset macro security settings.
    Application.AutomationSecurity = secAutomation

    '----------------
    'All files are open and ready to be referenced.
    '----------------
    Dim SingleFile As Variant

    'List all details from each file in the immediate Window.
    For Each SingleFile In MyFiles
        With SingleFile
            Debug.Print "Name:  " & .Name & " | Sheet Count: " & .Sheets.Count & _
                " | Last Row on '" & .Worksheets(1).Name & "' Column A: " & .Worksheets(1).Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row
        End With
    Next SingleFile

    'Get the value from a specific file using the key value (Book7.xlsm)
    Debug.Print MyFiles("Book7.xlsm").Worksheets("Form").Range("A6")

    'Now close all the files.
    For Each SingleFile In MyFiles
        Debug.Print "Closing " & SingleFile.Name
        SingleFile.Close SaveChanges:=False
    Next SingleFile

End Sub