【问题标题】：How to unpivot and get a sum for each month + total?如何取消透视并获得每个月的总和+总计？
【发布时间】：2016-12-12 10:04:38
【问题描述】：

- 已编辑-

我的表中有一些员工数据，每个 id、name、head 都有 sal（薪水）和月 -

+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| id | name | head  | month | sal  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | jan   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | jan   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | feb   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | feb   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | mar   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | mar   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | apr   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | apr   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | may   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | may   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | june  | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | june  | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | july  | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | july  | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | aug   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | aug   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | sep   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | sep   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | oct   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | oct   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | nov   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | nov   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | basic | dec   | 1000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | dec   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
|    |      |       |       |      |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | mar   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | mar   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | apr   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | apr   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | may   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | may   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | june  | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | june  | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | july  | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | july  | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | aug   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | aug   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | sep   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | sep   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | oct   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | oct   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | nov   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | nov   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | basic | dec   | 2000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | dec   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
|    |      |       |       |      |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | jan   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | jan   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | feb   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | feb   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | mar   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | mar   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | apr   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | apr   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | may   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | may   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | june  | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | june  | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | july  | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | july  | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | aug   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | aug   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | basic | sep   | 5000 |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | sep   | 500  |
+----+------+-------+-------+------+

我正在实现每个 id、name 和 head、
每个月的总和列为 sal + 所有列的总数。
（附言月份显示从四月开始）

+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| id | name | head  | apr  | may  | jun  | jul  | aug  | sep  | oct  | nov  | dec  | jan  | feb  | mar  | total |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 1  | A    | basic | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 12000 |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 6000  |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 2  | B    | basic | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 0    | 0    | 2000 | 24000 |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 0    | 0    | 500  | 6000  |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 3  | C    | basic | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 0    | 0    | 0    | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 60000 |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 0    | 0    | 0    | 500  | 500  | 500  | 6000  |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+

【问题讨论】：

这不是一个问题，它的格式甚至无法接受，而且我们也不是免费的代码编写服务。
@RaviKumar 请阅读the tour 和How do I ask a good question?。
您的一些总计算似乎是错误的（与我的答案比较）

标签： sql sql-server

【解决方案1】：

select      id,name,head
           ,apr,may,june,july,aug,sep,oct,nov,dec,jan,feb,mar
           ,apr+may+june+july+aug+sep+oct+nov+dec+jan+feb+mar   as total

from       (select      id
                       ,name
                       ,head

                       ,coalesce (apr  ,0)    as apr
                       ,coalesce (may  ,0)    as may
                       ,coalesce (june ,0)    as june
                       ,coalesce (july ,0)    as july
                       ,coalesce (aug  ,0)    as aug
                       ,coalesce (sep  ,0)    as sep
                       ,coalesce (oct  ,0)    as oct
                       ,coalesce (nov  ,0)    as nov
                       ,coalesce (dec  ,0)    as dec
                       ,coalesce (jan  ,0)    as jan
                       ,coalesce (feb  ,0)    as feb
                       ,coalesce (mar  ,0)    as mar

            from        mytable pivot (sum(sal) for month in
                            (apr,may,june,july,aug,sep,oct,nov,dec,jan,feb,mar)) p      
            ) p

+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| id | name | head  | apr  | may  | jun  | jul  | aug  | sep  | oct  | nov  | dec  | jan  | feb  | mar  | total |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 1  | A    | basic | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 12000 |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 1  | A    | hra   | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 6000  |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 2  | B    | basic | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 0    | 0    | 2000 | 20000 |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 2  | B    | hra   | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 0    | 0    | 500  | 5000  |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 3  | C    | basic | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 0    | 0    | 0    | 5000 | 5000 | 5000 | 45000 |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+
| 3  | C    | hra   | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 500  | 0    | 0    | 0    | 500  | 500  | 500  | 4500  |
+----+------+-------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-------+

【讨论】：

当您回答此类问题时，您似乎可以将 SO 用作代码编写服务。
@Biffen，这个问题在我看来并不是代码编写服务请求。这似乎更像是语言障碍。它不包含图像。它包含一个很好的文本示例，包括所需的结果（尽管有一些错误）。
拉维你在吗？