创建多个略有变化的精灵节点？

Question

我有一个显示多个成就的游戏菜单，这些成就被定义为 SKSpriteNodes，其中有 18 个，它们的位置只有轻微的变化，这里是代码的 sn-p：

    Achievement1 = SKSpriteNode(color: SKColor.whiteColor(), size: CGSize(width: 100, height: 100))
    Achievement1.position = CGPointMake(-120, 100)
    page1ScrollView.addChild(Achievement1)

    Achievement2 = SKSpriteNode(color: SKColor.whiteColor(), size: CGSize(width: 100, height: 100))
    Achievement2.position = CGPointMake(0, 100)
    page1ScrollView.addChild(Achievement2)

    Achievement3 = SKSpriteNode(color: SKColor.whiteColor(), size: CGSize(width: 100, height: 100))
    Achievement3.position = CGPointMake(120, 100)
    page1ScrollView.addChild(Achievement3)

    Achievement4 = SKSpriteNode(color: SKColor.whiteColor(), size: CGSize(width: 100, height: 100))
    Achievement4.position = CGPointMake(-120, -25)
    page1ScrollView.addChild(Achievement4)

我还竭尽全力将它们一一定义为 vars，如下所示：

  var Achievement1: SKSpriteNode!
  var Achievement2 = SKSpriteNode()
  var Achievement3 = SKSpriteNode()
  var Achievement4 = SKSpriteNode()
  var Achievement5 = SKSpriteNode()
  var Achievement6 = SKSpriteNode()
  var Achievement7 = SKSpriteNode()
  var Achievement8 = SKSpriteNode()

它看起来一团糟，只是占用了太多空间。我希望能够定义所有精灵节点，并让它们都能够被按下以显示一个框，说明成就的用途，如下所示：

 override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {

    let touch: UITouch = touches.first!
    let location: CGPoint = touch.locationInNode(self)
    let node: SKNode = self.nodeAtPoint(location)


    if (node == Achievement1) {

        //achievement details here

   }

我对这种 swift 语言还很陌生，我还不是很先进，但我希望能得到帮助。

Answer 1

如果您认为您的代码一团糟，请尝试在您的代码中找到模式。

看到那些Achievement1、Achievement2、Achievement3、Achievement4 的东西了吗？当您看到这种模式时，您可能应该创建一个数组来存储成就。

我确定你知道如何使用数组，所以我不会过多地谈论它。有关详细信息，您可以转到 Array 类的定义。

您可能注意到的另一种模式是使用相同的参数来创建精灵节点。成就之间的唯一区别是他们的位置。

解决此问题的最佳方法是创建一个方法：

func createAchievement(location: CGPoint) -> SKSpriteNode {
    let node = SKSpriteNode(color: SKColor.whiteColor(), size: CGSize(width: 100, height: 100))
    node.position = location
    return node
}

您只需要一行就可以将新成就添加到上述数组中：

someArray.append(createAchievement(CGPointMake(-120, 100)))

编辑：

如果你使用indexOf(_:)（或swift 3中的index(of:)），你可以创建一个switch语句而不是if语句：

switch someArray.indexOf(node) {
    case 0:
        // this means that the first achievement is tapped!
    case 1:
        // this means that the second achievement is tapped!
    case 2:
        // this means that the third achievement is tapped!
}

Answer 2

关于布局当你有大量的项目要显示时，你可以考虑使用表格或页面控件。因为我很懒，我不喜欢只滚动表格来查看所有游戏成就，所以通常我更喜欢使用 PageControl。 您可以在UIKit 和UIPageControl 中构建并将其集成到您的游戏菜单中。 如果你不知道如何集成UIPageControl，你可以使用这个sprite-kit项目GBPageControl

import GBPageControl

var pageControl:PageControl!
//Add the page control to the scene. Add any content that will be paged directly to the pageControl:
override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
    pageControl = PageControl(scene: self)
    addContent()
    pageControl.enable(4)
}

private func addContent() {
    for var i = 0; i < 4; i++ {
        let node = SKShapeNode(circleOfRadius: 10)
        node.strokeColor = UIColor.blueColor()
        let x = self.size.width / 2.0 + self.size.width * CGFloat(i)
        let y = self.size.height / 2.0
        node.position = CGPoint(x:x, y:y)
        pageControl.addChild(node)
    }
}

override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
    for touch in touches {
        if pageControl.handleTouch(touch) {
            //no op
        }
        else {
            //handle touch
        }
    }
}
override func willMoveFromView(view: SKView) {
    pageControl.willMoveFromView(view)
}

输出：

更新：

关于你可以尝试做的成就代码：

enum MedalType: Int {
    case Gold = 1
    case Silver = 2
    case Bronze = 3
}
class Achievement:SKSpriteNode {
    init(color:SKColor,size:CGSize,name:String,medalType:MedalType) {
        super.init(texture: nil,color:color,size:size)
        self.name = name
    }
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }
}

class GameScene: SKScene {
    var achievements:[Achievement]!
    var aNames: [String]!
    var totalAchievements: Int = 45

  override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {
    var counter : Int = 0
    let deltaX:CGFloat = 120
    let deltaY:CGFloat = 10
    for i in 0..<totalAchievements {
        var aColor = SKColor.whiteColor()
        var aSize = CGSizeMake(100,100)
        var medal = MedalType.Bronze

        switch i {
        case 10:
            aColor = SKColor.redColor()
            aSize = CGSizeMake(100,150)
            medal = MedalType.Silver
        case 25:
            aColor = SKColor.blueColor()
            aSize = CGSizeMake(100,200)
            medal = MedalType.Gold
        default:
            break
        }
        let name = "achievement\(i)"
        let a = Achievement.init(color: aColor, size: aSize, name: name, medalType: medal)
        aNames.append(name)

        //handle your position has you wish with counter, deltaX e deltaY
        //...
        a.position = CGPointMake(deltaX, deltaY)
        addChild(a)
       }
    }
    override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {

        let touch: UITouch = touches.first!
        let location: CGPoint = touch.locationInNode(self)
        let node: SKNode = self.nodeAtPoint(location)

        if (aNames.contains(node.name!)) {

            print("You have touch achievement \(node.name)")
            let currentAchievement = achievements[aNames.indexOf(node.name!)!]
            // Use your currentAchievement touched
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

你可以使用数组...

let achievements = [SKSpriteNode](repeating: SKSpriteNode(color: SKColor.white(), size: CGSize(width: 100, height: 100)), count: 8) // Swift 3 colour name
let positions = [CGPoint(x: -120, y: 100), CGPoint(x: 0, y: 100) /* ... */]
for i in 0 ..< min(achievements.count, positions.count) { // For safety - obviously these should be the same
    achievements[i].position = positions[i]
}

// Then in your touch routine...
if let index = achievements.index(of: self.nodeAtPoint(location)) {
    // do something with achievements[index]
}

...并且不要大写变量 - Swift 约定是只有类型大写...