如何检测当前运行的应用程序是否是从应用商店安装的？

Question

iOS 中有没有一种方法可以以编程方式检查当前运行的应用程序是否是从 iOS App Store 安装的？这与通过 Xcode、TestFlight 或任何非官方分发源运行的应用程序形成鲜明对比。

这是在无法访问应用程序源代码的 SDK 的上下文中。

说清楚 - 我正在寻找一些签名，可以这么说，给应用程序（可能是由苹果公司），在不依赖任何预处理器标志或其他构建配置的情况下，任何应用程序都可以在运行时访问.

Answer 1

从 App Store 下载的应用有一个由应用商店添加的iTunesMetadata.plist 文件：

NSString *file=[NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"iTunesMetadata.plist"];
if ([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:file]) {
    // probably a store app
}

也许您可能想检查此文件是否存在。

更新：

在 iOS8 中，应用程序包已被移动。根据@silyevsk 的说法，plist 现在比 [新应用程序主包路径] 高一级，位于 /private/var/mobile/Containers/Bundle/Application/4A74359F-E6CD-44C9-925D-AC82E‌​​B5EA837 /iTunesMetadata.plist，不幸的是，无法从应用程序访问它（权限被拒绝）

2015 年 11 月 4 日更新：

看来检查收据名称会有所帮助。必须注意的是，这个解决方案略有不同：它不会返回我们是否正在运行 App Store 应用程序，而是返回我们是否正在运行测试版 Testflight 应用程序。根据您的上下文，这可能有用也可能没用。

最重要的是，这是一个非常脆弱的解决方案，因为收据名称可能随时更改。无论如何我都会报告它，以防您没有其他选择：

// Objective-C
BOOL isRunningTestFlightBeta = [[[[NSBundle mainBundle] appStoreReceiptURL] lastPathComponent] isEqualToString:@"sandboxReceipt"];

// Swift
let isRunningTestFlightBeta = NSBundle.mainBundle().appStoreReceiptURL?.lastPathComponent=="sandboxReceipt"

来源：Detect if iOS App is Downloaded from Apple's Testflight

HockeyKit 是如何做到的

通过组合各种检查，您可以猜测应用是在模拟器、Testflight 构建还是在 AppStore 构建中运行。

这是来自 HockeyKit 的片段：

BOOL bit_isAppStoreReceiptSandbox(void) {
#if TARGET_OS_SIMULATOR
  return NO;
#else
  NSURL *appStoreReceiptURL = NSBundle.mainBundle.appStoreReceiptURL;
  NSString *appStoreReceiptLastComponent = appStoreReceiptURL.lastPathComponent;
  
  BOOL isSandboxReceipt = [appStoreReceiptLastComponent isEqualToString:@"sandboxReceipt"];
  return isSandboxReceipt;
#endif
}

BOOL bit_hasEmbeddedMobileProvision(void) {
  BOOL hasEmbeddedMobileProvision = !![[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"embedded" ofType:@"mobileprovision"];
  return hasEmbeddedMobileProvision;
}

BOOL bit_isRunningInTestFlightEnvironment(void) {
#if TARGET_OS_SIMULATOR
  return NO;
#else
  if (bit_isAppStoreReceiptSandbox() && !bit_hasEmbeddedMobileProvision()) {
    return YES;
  }
  return NO;
#endif
}

BOOL bit_isRunningInAppStoreEnvironment(void) {
#if TARGET_OS_SIMULATOR
  return NO;
#else
  if (bit_isAppStoreReceiptSandbox() || bit_hasEmbeddedMobileProvision()) {
    return NO;
  }
  return YES;
#endif
}

BOOL bit_isRunningInAppExtension(void) {
  static BOOL isRunningInAppExtension = NO;
  static dispatch_once_t checkAppExtension;
  
  dispatch_once(&checkAppExtension, ^{
    isRunningInAppExtension = ([[[NSBundle mainBundle] executablePath] rangeOfString:@".appex/"].location != NSNotFound);
  });
  
  return isRunningInAppExtension;
}

来源：GitHub - bitstadium/HockeySDK-iOS - BITHockeyHelper.m

一个可能的 Swift 类，基于 HockeyKit 的类，可能是：

//
//  WhereAmIRunning.swift
//  https://gist.github.com/mvarie/63455babc2d0480858da
//
//  ### Detects whether we're running in a Simulator, TestFlight Beta or App Store build ###
//
//  Based on https://github.com/bitstadium/HockeySDK-iOS/blob/develop/Classes/BITHockeyHelper.m
//  Inspired by https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18282326/how-can-i-detect-if-the-currently-running-app-was-installed-from-the-app-store
//  Created by marcantonio on 04/11/15.
//

import Foundation

class WhereAmIRunning {
    
    // MARK: Public
    
    func isRunningInTestFlightEnvironment() -> Bool{
        if isSimulator() {
            return false
        } else {
            if isAppStoreReceiptSandbox() && !hasEmbeddedMobileProvision() {
                return true
            } else {
                return false
            }
        }
    }
    
    func isRunningInAppStoreEnvironment() -> Bool {
        if isSimulator(){
            return false
        } else {
            if isAppStoreReceiptSandbox() || hasEmbeddedMobileProvision() {
                return false
            } else {
                return true
            }
        }
    }

    // MARK: Private

    private func hasEmbeddedMobileProvision() -> Bool{
        if let _ = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("embedded", ofType: "mobileprovision") {
            return true
        }
        return false
    }
    
    private func isAppStoreReceiptSandbox() -> Bool {
        if isSimulator() {
            return false
        } else {
            if let appStoreReceiptURL = NSBundle.mainBundle().appStoreReceiptURL,
                let appStoreReceiptLastComponent = appStoreReceiptURL.lastPathComponent
                where appStoreReceiptLastComponent == "sandboxReceipt" {
                    return true
            }
            return false
        }
    }
    
    private func isSimulator() -> Bool {
        #if arch(i386) || arch(x86_64)
            return true
            #else
            return false
        #endif
    }
    
}

要点：GitHub - mvarie/WhereAmIRunning.swift

2016 年 12 月 9 日更新：

用户 halileohalilei 报告说“这不再适用于 iOS10 和 Xcode 8。”。我没有验证这一点，但请查看更新后的 HockeyKit 源代码（参见函数 bit_currentAppEnvironment）：

来源：GitHub - bitstadium/HockeySDK-iOS - BITHockeyHelper.m

随着时间的推移，上面的类已经被修改，它似乎也可以处理iOS10。

2020 年 10 月 6 日更新：

曲棍球已被 Microsoft 的 AppCenter SDK 弃用/放弃并取而代之。

这是他们的 App Store / Testflight 构建检测类（代码下方的存储库链接）：

MSUtility+Environment.h：

// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import "MSUtility.h"

/*
 * Workaround for exporting symbols from category object files.
 */
extern NSString *MSUtilityEnvironmentCategory;

/**
 *  App environment
 */
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, MSEnvironment) {

  /**
   *  App has been downloaded from the AppStore.
   */
  MSEnvironmentAppStore = 0,

  /**
   *  App has been downloaded from TestFlight.
   */
  MSEnvironmentTestFlight = 1,

  /**
   *  App has been installed by some other mechanism.
   *  This could be Ad-Hoc, Enterprise, etc.
   */
  MSEnvironmentOther = 99
};

/**
 * Utility class that is used throughout the SDK.
 * Environment part.
 */
@interface MSUtility (Environment)

/**
 * Detect the environment that the app is running in.
 *
 * @return the MSEnvironment of the app.
 */
+ (MSEnvironment)currentAppEnvironment;

@end

MSUtility+Environment.m：

// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.

#import "MSUtility+Environment.h"

/*
 * Workaround for exporting symbols from category object files.
 */
NSString *MSUtilityEnvironmentCategory;

@implementation MSUtility (Environment)

+ (MSEnvironment)currentAppEnvironment {
#if TARGET_OS_SIMULATOR || TARGET_OS_OSX || TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
  return MSEnvironmentOther;
#else

  // MobilePovision profiles are a clear indicator for Ad-Hoc distribution.
  if ([self hasEmbeddedMobileProvision]) {
    return MSEnvironmentOther;
  }

  /**
   * TestFlight is only supported from iOS 8 onwards and as our deployment target is iOS 8, we don't have to do any checks for
   * floor(NSFoundationVersionNumber) <= NSFoundationVersionNumber_iOS_6_1).
   */
  if ([self isAppStoreReceiptSandbox]) {
    return MSEnvironmentTestFlight;
  }

  return MSEnvironmentAppStore;
#endif
}

+ (BOOL)hasEmbeddedMobileProvision {
  BOOL hasEmbeddedMobileProvision = !![[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"embedded" ofType:@"mobileprovision"];
  return hasEmbeddedMobileProvision;
}

+ (BOOL)isAppStoreReceiptSandbox {
#if TARGET_OS_SIMULATOR
  return NO;
#else
  if (![NSBundle.mainBundle respondsToSelector:@selector(appStoreReceiptURL)]) {
    return NO;
  }
  NSURL *appStoreReceiptURL = NSBundle.mainBundle.appStoreReceiptURL;
  NSString *appStoreReceiptLastComponent = appStoreReceiptURL.lastPathComponent;

  BOOL isSandboxReceipt = [appStoreReceiptLastComponent isEqualToString:@"sandboxReceipt"];
  return isSandboxReceipt;
#endif
}

@end

来源：GitHub - microsoft/appcenter-sdk-apple - MSUtility+Environment.m

Answer 2

如果您谈论的是您自己的应用程序，您可以添加一个状态，如果它是作为商店版本的一部分构建的（例如编译器条件），则返回 true，在其他情况下返回 false。

如果您在谈论另一个应用程序，那么查询沙盒之外的其他应用程序并不容易或直接（或者甚至不可能）。

Answer 3

由于@magma 的代码不再适用于 IOS11.1 这是一个有点冗长的解决方案。

我们检查应用商店中的应用版本并将其与 Bundle 中的版本进行比较

static func isAppStoreVersion(completion: @escaping (Bool?, Error?) -> Void) throws -> URLSessionDataTask {
    guard let info = Bundle.main.infoDictionary,
      let currentVersion = info["CFBundleShortVersionString"] as? String,
      let identifier = info["CFBundleIdentifier"] as? String else {
        throw VersionError.invalidBundleInfo
    }
    let urlString = "https://itunes.apple.com/gb/lookup?bundleId=\(identifier)"
    guard let url = URL(string:urlString) else { throw VersionError.invalidBundleInfo }
    let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) { (data, response, error) in
      do {
        if let error = error { throw error }
        guard let data = data else { throw VersionError.invalidResponse }
        let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [.allowFragments]) as? [String: Any]
        guard let result = (json?["results"] as? [Any])?.first as? [String: Any], let appStoreVersion = result["version"] as? String else {
          throw VersionError.invalidResponse
        }
        completion(appStoreVersion == currentVersion, nil)
      } catch {
        completion(nil, error)
      }
    }
    task.resume()
    return task
}

这样称呼

DispatchQueue.global(qos: .background).async {

    _ = try? VersionManager.isAppStoreVersion { (appStoreVersion, error) in
      if let error = error {
        print(error)
      } else if let appStoreVersion = appStoreVersion, appStoreVersion == true {
         // app store stuf
      } else {
        // other stuff

      }
    }
}

enum VersionError: Error {
    case invalidResponse, invalidBundleInfo
}

Answer 4

我的观察是当一个设备连接到 Xcode，然后我们打开管理器，切换到设备窗格它会列出所有未从 App Store 安装的应用程序。所以你需要做的是下载 Xcode，然后连接你的设备，进入设备面板，查看哪些应用程序是从非 App Store 源安装的。这是最简单的解决方案。