我一直在尝试以通用方式对 Swift 的 CNContact 对象进行 JSON 编码/解码（我的意思是我想确定该对象在运行时拥有哪些属性，我不想对其进行硬编码属性），但是我没有设法这样做。我的问题是：有没有办法在 Swift 4 中实现这种行为，如果有，怎么做？
【问题讨论】：
不，CNContact 没有根据official documentation 改变，所以它不符合Codable 协议，这只是Encodeable & Decodable 的类型别名。您可以看到当前符合Encodable 和Decodable 的类列表，并在此处看到CNContact 不在其中。
但是，您可以为CNContact 编写扩展名，使其符合上述协议。
这是一个如何使用JSONSerialization 框架在Swift3 中编码CNContact 对象的示例。请注意，这只是一个示例，因此我没有解析所有可能的字段，并且使用此实现，如果 CNContact 对象中不存在某个值，则 JSON 中也不存在该键。另外，解码器的功能还没有完全实现，但是如果你检查一下编码器是如何工作的，你可以很容易地实现它。
JSON 键的名称也是随结构任意选择的，因此您可以更改其中任何一个。
下面的代码是一个完整的、可以工作的 Playground 文件，如果你愿意的话，你可以自己测试一下。
import Contacts
let contact = CNMutableContact()
contact.birthday = DateComponents(calendar: Calendar.current,year: 1887, month: 1, day: 1)
contact.contactType = CNContactType.person
contact.givenName = "John"
contact.familyName = "Appleseed"
contact.imageData = Data() // The profile picture as a NSData object
let homeEmail = CNLabeledValue(label:CNLabelHome, value: NSString(string: "john@example.com"))
let workEmail = CNLabeledValue(label:CNLabelWork, value: NSString(string: "j.appleseed@icloud.com"))
contact.emailAddresses = [homeEmail, workEmail]
contact.phoneNumbers = [CNLabeledValue(label:CNLabelPhoneNumberiPhone, value:CNPhoneNumber(stringValue:"(408) 555-0126"))]
let homeAddress = CNMutablePostalAddress()
homeAddress.street = "1 Infinite Loop"
homeAddress.city = "Cupertino"
homeAddress.state = "CA"
homeAddress.postalCode = "95014"
contact.postalAddresses = [CNLabeledValue(label:CNLabelHome, value:homeAddress)]
func encodeContactToJson(contact: CNContact)->Data?{
var contactDict = [String:Any]()
if let birthday = contact.birthday?.date {
let df = DateFormatter()
df.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd"
contactDict["birthday"] = df.string(from: birthday)
}
contactDict["givenName"] = contact.givenName
contactDict["familyName"] = contact.familyName
if let imageData = contact.imageData {
contactDict["image"] = imageData.base64EncodedString()
}
if contact.emailAddresses.count > 0 {
var emailAddresses = [String:String]()
for (index, emailAddress) in contact.emailAddresses.enumerated() {
emailAddresses[emailAddress.label ?? "email\(index)"] = (emailAddress.value as String)
}
contactDict["emailAddresses"] = emailAddresses
}
if contact.phoneNumbers.count > 0 {
var phoneNumbers = [String:String]()
for (index, phoneNumber) in contact.phoneNumbers.enumerated() {
phoneNumbers[phoneNumber.label ?? "phone\(index)"] = phoneNumber.value.stringValue
}
contactDict["phoneNumbers"] = phoneNumbers
}
if contact.postalAddresses.count > 0 {
var postalAddresses = [String:String]()
for (index, postalAddress) in contact.postalAddresses.enumerated() {
postalAddresses[postalAddress.label ?? "postal\(index)"] = (CNPostalAddressFormatter.string(from: postalAddress.value, style: .mailingAddress))
}
contactDict["postalAddresses"] = postalAddresses
}
return try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: contactDict)
}
func decodeContactsJson(jsonData: Data)->CNContact?{
if let jsonDict = (try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: jsonData)) as? [String:Any] {
let contact = CNMutableContact()
print(jsonDict)
return contact as CNContact
} else {
return nil
}
}
if let jsonContact = encodeContactToJson(contact: contact) {
print(decodeContactsJson(jsonData: jsonContact) ?? "Decoding failed")
} else {
print("Encoding failed")
}
【讨论】：
Swift4 代码，我不想为您提供可能无法编译的代码示例。但是，如果您愿意，我可以为您提供一个小示例，说明如何使用 JSONSerialization 框架，该框架已在 Swift3 中提供。
尝试将 Simple 与联系人选择一起使用。
func contactViewController(_ viewController: CNContactViewController, didCompleteWith contact: CNContact?) {
var name = ""
var email = ""
var mobile = ""
var address = ""
var companyname = ""
var jobtitle = ""
var organization = ""
var workaddress = ""
var worknumber = ""
var personalurl = ""
var companyurl = ""
var otherurl = ""
var othernumber = ""
var otheraddress = ""
var homeemail = ""
var workemail = ""
var otheremail = ""
var dataAll = NSMutableArray()
if contact != nil
{
dataAll = NSMutableArray()
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactGivenNameKey))! {
let name2 = contact?.familyName
name = (contact?.givenName)! + " " + name2!
UserDefaults.standard.set(name, forKey: "name")
}
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactOrganizationNameKey))!
{
companyname = (contact?.organizationName)!
//var dic : NSDictionary = [:]
if companyname != "" {
let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["name":companyname as AnyObject,
"type":"companyname" as AnyObject,
"typeof":"companyname" as AnyObject]
dataAll.add(dic)
}
}
let designation = contact?.jobTitle
if (designation?.isEmpty)!
{
}
else
{
jobtitle = designation!
//let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["designation":jobtitle as AnyObject]
let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["name":jobtitle as AnyObject,
"type":"designation" as AnyObject,
"typeof":"designation" as AnyObject
]
dataAll.add(dic)
}
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactPhoneNumbersKey))!{
if (contact?.phoneNumbers.count == 0)
{
}
else
{
for phoneNumber:CNLabeledValue in (contact?.phoneNumbers)! {
let number = phoneNumber.value
let number2 = number.stringValue
let lable :String = CNLabeledValue<NSString>.localizedString(forLabel: phoneNumber.label! )
let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["name":number2 as AnyObject,
"type":lable as AnyObject,
"typeof":"phonenumber" as AnyObject]
dataAll.add(dic)
if number2 != ""
{
}
if lable == "home"
{
if number2 == ""
{
}
else
{
mobile = number.stringValue
let number2 = String(mobile.digitsOnly())!
}
}
if lable == "work"
{
if number2 == ""
{
}
else
{
worknumber = number.stringValue
}
}
if lable == "mobile"
{
if number2 == ""
{
}
else
{
othernumber = number.stringValue
}
}
}
}
}
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactEmailAddressesKey))! {
if (contact?.emailAddresses.count == 0)
{
}
else
{
for emaiadd:CNLabeledValue in (contact?.emailAddresses)! {
let name2 = (emaiadd.value as String) as String
if name2 != ""
{
UserDefaults.standard.set(emaiadd.value as String, forKey: "mainemail")
}
let lable :String = CNLabeledValue<NSString>.localizedString(forLabel: emaiadd.label! )
// let dic : [String : AnyObject] = [lable:emaiadd.value as String as AnyObject]
let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["name":name2 as AnyObject,
"type":lable as AnyObject,
"typeof":"email" as AnyObject]
dataAll.add(dic)
if lable == "home"
{
if name2 == ""
{
}
else
{
email = emaiadd.value as String
}
}
if lable == "work"
{
if name2 == ""
{
}
else
{
workemail = emaiadd.value as String
}
}
if lable == "other"
{
if name2 == ""
{
}
else
{
otheremail = emaiadd.value as String
}
}
}
}
}
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactPostalAddressesKey))! {
for addres:CNLabeledValue in (contact?.postalAddresses)! {
let addre = addres.value
let addre2 = addre.street
let lable :String = CNLabeledValue<NSString>.localizedString(forLabel: addres.label! )
let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["name":addre2 as AnyObject,
"type":lable as AnyObject,
"typeof":"address" as AnyObject]
dataAll.add(dic)
if lable == "home"
{
if addre2 == ""
{
}
else
{
address = addre.street
}
}
if lable == "work"
{
if addre2 == ""
{
}
else
{
workaddress = addre.street
}
}
if lable == "other"
{
if addre2 == ""
{
}
else
{
otheraddress = addre.street
}
}
print(lable + (addre.street))
}
}
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactUrlAddressesKey))! {
for urladd:CNLabeledValue in (contact?.urlAddresses)! {
let url2 = (urladd.value as String) as String
let lable :String = CNLabeledValue<NSString>.localizedString(forLabel: urladd.label! )
let dic : [String : AnyObject] = ["name":url2 as AnyObject,
"type":lable as AnyObject,
"typeof":"url" as AnyObject]
dataAll.add(dic)
if lable == "home"
{
if url2 == ""
{
}
else
{
personalurl = urladd.value as String
}
}
if lable == "work"
{
if url2 == ""
{
}
else
{
companyurl = urladd.value as String
}
}
if lable == "other"
{
if url2 == ""
{
}
else
{
otherurl = urladd.value as String
}
}
}
}
if (contact?.isKeyAvailable(CNContactImageDataKey))! {
let image = contact?.imageData
let utf8str = image?.base64EncodedString()
}
dataArr = [["code": "Mobile", "title": othernumber],["code": "Work Number", "title": worknumber],["code": "OtherMobile", "title": number2],["code": "Email", "title": email],["code": "WorkEmail", "title": workemail],["code": "OtherEmail", "title": otheremail],["code": "Address", "title": address],["code": "Work Address", "title": workaddress],["code": "OtherAddress", "title": otheraddress],["code": "Company Name", "title": companyname],["code": "Designation", "title": jobtitle],["code": "Personal Website", "title": personalurl],["code": "Company Website", "title": companyurl],["code": "Other Website", "title": otherurl]]
}
}
在按钮操作中添加此代码
let contactPickerViewController = CNContactPickerViewController()
contactPickerViewController.delegate = self
present(contactPickerViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
【讨论】：
NSMutableArray，您应该使用 Array<Type>）。此外，您应该重新格式化您的代码，因为所有不必要的空格都很难阅读。您的回答实际上并没有回答问题，因为您只返回字典，而不是实际的 JSON 对象，并且在问题中没有提到 CNContactPickerViewController。