Excel VBA中的时间计算

Question

我将时间设置为 23300000 即 hhMMssmm 格式为字符串 我想计算这两个值的差异。

这里 hh 是小时，MM 是分钟，ss 是秒，mm 是 60 秒。 在 Excel 2003 中使用 VBA

Answer 1

这个UDF将返回以秒为单位的差的绝对值

Public Function tDiff(s1 As String, s2 As String) As Double
'
'   calculates the absolute value of the differences
'   returns the answer in seconds
'
    Dim hrs As Double, mins As Double, secs As Double, sixt As Double
    Dim tVal1 As Double, tVal2 As Double

    hrs = CDbl(Mid(s1, 1, 2)) * 60 * 60
    mins = CDbl(Mid(s1, 3, 2)) * 60
    secs = CDbl(Mid(s1, 5, 2))
    sixt = CDbl(Mid(s1, 7, 2)) / 60
    tVal1 = hrs + mins + secs + sixt

    hrs = CDbl(Mid(s2, 1, 2)) * 60 * 60
    mins = CDbl(Mid(s2, 3, 2)) * 60
    secs = CDbl(Mid(s2, 5, 2))
    sixt = CDbl(Mid(s2, 7, 2)) / 60
    tVal2 = hrs + mins + secs + sixt

    If tVal1 > tVal2 Then
        tDiff = tVal1 - tVal2
    Else
        tDiff = tVal2 - tVal1
    End If
End Function

Answer 2

这样的事情怎么样：

Public Sub test()
    Dim ms1 As Double
    Dim ms2 As Double

    ms1 = ToSeconds(23142700)
    ms2 = ToSeconds(23311500)

    Debug.Print "Difference between dates in seconds: " & ms2 - ms1
End Sub


Public Function ToSeconds(number As Long) As Double
    Dim hh As Long
    Dim mm As Long
    Dim ss As Long
    Dim ms As Long

    ms = (number Mod (100 ^ 1)) / (100 ^ 0)
    ss = (number Mod (100 ^ 2) - ms) / (100 ^ 1)
    mm = (number Mod (100 ^ 3) - ss * (100 ^ 1) - ms) / (100 ^ 2)
    hh = (number Mod (100 ^ 4) - mm * (100 ^ 2) - ss * (100 ^ 1) - ms) / (100 ^ 3)

    ToSeconds = ms * 1 / 60 + ss + mm * 60 + hh * 60 * 60
End Function

ToSeconds() 函数将您的数字转换为秒，您可以据此进行计算。

Answer 3

虽然这个解决方案可能不像其他解决方案那么短，但我相信它很容易理解。并非此处的所有内容都可能是必需的，但您可能会发现其中一些在将来很有用。

run 子例程允许您使用指定的值运行 test 函数。
test 函数测试 timeDiff 和 timeSum 逻辑。
timeDiff 函数查找 t1 和 t0 之间的时间差。
timeSum 函数求 t1 和 t0 的时间和。
asDuration 函数从时间值中删除 AM/PM 后缀。
asMilitary 函数将 12 小时格式转换为 24 小时格式。
我创建的concat 函数可以更轻松地连接字符串。

Sub Main() 'Run Test
    MsgBox Test("0:29:0", "23:30:0")
End Sub

Function Test(startT As Date, endT As Date) 'Test timeDiff & timeSum logic
    Dim nextShift As Date, prevShift As Date, hours As Date

    hours = timeDiff(endT, startT)
    prevShift = timeDiff(startT, "0:30:0")
    nextShift = timeSum("0:30:0", endT)        

    Test = concat("Start -", startT, "", "End - ", endT, "", "Duration -", asDuration(hours), "", "Next Shift: ", nextShift, "", "Prev Shift: ", prevShift)
End Function


Function timeDiff(t1 As Date, t0 As Date) As Date 'Return Time1 minus Time0
    Dim units(0 To 2) As String

    units(0) = Hour(t1) - Hour(t0)
    units(1) = Minute(t1) - Minute(t0)
    units(2) = Second(t1) - Second(t0)

    If units(2) < 0 Then
        units(2) = units(2) + 60
        units(1) = units(1) - 1
    End If

    If units(1) < 0 Then
        units(1) = units(1) + 60
        units(0) = units(0) - 1
    End If

    units(0) = IIf(units(0) < 0, units(0) + 24, units(0))
    timeDiff = Join(units, ":")
End Function


Function timeSum(t1 As Date, t0 As Date) As Date 'Return Time1 plus Time0
    Dim units(0 To 2) As String

    units(0) = Hour(t1) + Hour(t0)
    units(1) = Minute(t1) + Minute(t0)
    units(2) = Second(t1) + Second(t0)

    If units(2) >= 60 Then
        units(2) = units(2) Mod 60
        units(1) = units(1) + 1
    End If

    If units(1) >= 60 Then
        units(1) = units(1) Mod 60
        units(0) = units(0) + 1
    End If

    units(0) = IIf(units(0) >= 24, units(0) Mod 24, units(0))
    timeSum = Join(units, ":")
End Function


Function asDuration(time As Date) As String 'Display as duration; Remove AM/PM suffix from time
    time = asMilitary(time)
    asDuration = Left(time, Len(time))
End Function


Function asMilitary(time As Date) As String 'Convert 12-hour format to 24-hour-format
    asMilitary = Hour(time) & ":" & Minute(time) & ":" & Second(time)
End Function


Function concat(ParamArray var() As Variant) As String 'Return arguments of function call concatenated as a single string
    For Each elem In var()
        concat = IIf(elem <> "", concat & elem & " ", concat & vbNewLine)
    Next
End Function