使用 ExpressJS 重写 URL

Question

我想在我的 ExpressJS 网站上重写我的 URL。我用过这个插件，https://github.com/joehewitt/express-rewrite，但是不行……

但是，我可能犯了一个错误......

我的 app.js 文件：

var express = require('express')
    , index = require('./routes/index.js')
    , admin = require('./routes/admin.js')
    , contact = require('./routes/contact.js')
    , posts = require('./routes/posts.js')
    , http = require('http')
    , path = require('path')
    , hash = require('./auth').hash
    , db = require('./models')
    , favicons = require('connect-favicons')
    , rewriter = require('express-rewrite');


var app = express();

app.configure(function () {
    app.set('port', process.env.PORT || 3000);
    app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
    app.set('view engine', 'jade');
    app.use(express.favicon(__dirname + '/public/images/FAVICON.ico'));
    app.use(favicons(__dirname + '/public/images/apple-touch-icon.png'));
    app.use(express.logger('dev'));
    app.use(express.bodyParser());
    app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
    app.use(express.cookieParser());
    app.use(express.cookieSession({
            secret: 'SECRET',
            cookie: { access: false }
        })
    );
    app.use(rewriter);
    app.use(app.router);
    app.use(function(req, res, next){
        res.render('404.jade', {
            title: "404 - Page Not Found",
            showFullNav: false,
            status: 404,
            url: req.url
        });
    });
});

app.configure('development', function () {
    app.use(express.errorHandler());
});

app.get('/', index.index);

app.get('/toto', rewriter.rewrite('/heytoto'));

db.sequelize.sync().complete(function(err) {
    if (err) {
        throw err
    } else {
        http.createServer(app).listen(app.get('port'), function(){
            console.log('Express server listening on port ' + app.get('port'))
        })
    }
});

我的错误信息：

Express
500 TypeError: Object function app(req, res){ app.handle(req, res); } has no method 'match'
at Object.rewriter [as handle] (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express-rewrite/rewrite.js:3:26)
at next (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:199:15)
at Object.cookieSession [as handle] (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/middleware/cookieSession.js:113:5)
at next (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:199:15)
at Object.cookieParser [as handle] (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/middleware/cookieParser.js:60:5)
at next (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/proto.js:199:15)
at resume (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/middleware/static.js:60:7)
at SendStream.error (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/connect/lib/middleware/static.js:73:37)
at SendStream.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:126:20)
at SendStream.error (/Users/anthonycluse/Sites/Anthony-Cluse-Express/node_modules/express/node_modules/send/lib/send.js:147:51)

Answer 1

您可以在访问要使用的处理程序之前重写 URL。

app.use(function(req, res, next) {
   if (req.url === '/toto') {
     req.url = '/heytoto';
   }
   next();
});

app.get('/heytoto', ...);

我使用similar method 使用正则表达式进行 URL 重写。

Answer 2

所以我遇到了同样的问题。我编写了一个在浏览器上使用历史 API 的应用程序，我想将所有非静态 URL 重写回 index.html。所以对于我做的静态文件：

app.configure(function() {
  app.use('/', express.static(__dirname + '/'));
});

但是对于历史 API 生成的路径，我做了：

app.get('*', function(request, response, next) {
  response.sendfile(__dirname + '/index.html');
});

这意味着任何不是 / 中的文件或目录的请求（例如由历史 API 生成的 URL）都不会被重写或重定向，而是将提供 index.html 文件，并且然后做所有的 JS 路由魔术。

希望这与您正在寻找的内容相近吗？

Answer 3

不使用response.sendfile(..) 的解决方案是使用在app.use(express.static(..)) 之前插入的重写中间件，如下所示：

// forward all requests to /s/* to /index.html

app.use(function(req, res, next) {

  if (/\/s\/[^\/]+/.test(req.url)) {
    req.url = '/index.html';
  }

  next();
});

// insert express.static(...)

这样，expressjs 可以正确识别重写。然后static 中间件将负责提供文件。

Answer 4

您可以使用 if 条件检查 url，并使用 app.redirect 重定向到某个 url。

Answer 5

1) 您的重写中间件必须出现在将处理请求的中间件/函数之前。

不起作用：

app.use('/hello', () => sayHello() );
app.use(() => rewriteURLToHello()); //it's too late to try to rewrite a URL to /hello

有效：

app.use(() => rewriteURLToHello()); //we can rewrite a URL to /hello
app.use('/hello', () => sayHello() ); //rewritten URL will be handled here

2) 您的中间件不得绑定到您尝试重写的路径

不起作用：

app.use('/hello', (req, res, next) => {
  //'/hello' has been trimmed from req.url
  //req.url is / if the request was for /hello
  req.url = '/goodbye'; //technically setting full path to /hello/goodbye
  next(); //will only call other middleware in the /hello chain
});
app.use('/goodbye', () => sayBye()); //won't work

有效：

app.use((req, res, next) => {    //runs for every path. Same as .use('/',
  //'/hello' has NOT been trimmed from req.url
  //req.url is /hello if the request was for /hello
  if (req.url.startsWith('/hello')) { 
    req.url = '/goodbye'; //full path now /goodbye
  }
  next(); //will continue calling all middleware
});
app.use('/goodbye', () => sayBye()); //will work

Answer 6

试试这个：

app.get('/toto', function(req, res) {
  res.redirect('/heytoto');
});