哪个库包含_is_c_termination_complete

Question

我在将 C++ 代码与标准库 C++ 库链接时遇到 LNK2019 错误。我需要知道哪些库包含函数：

• is_c_termination_complete,
• __acrt_initialize,
• __acrt_uninitialize,
• __acrt_uninitialize_critical,
• __acrt_thread_attach,
• __acrt_thread_detach

将其包含在链接过程中。

我正在使用 MS Visual Studio 社区 2017 和 Intel Parallel studio xe 2019 更新 1 用 C++ 编写代码，以集成到第 3 方软件中。 3rd 方软件提供了一个“make”选项来编译目标文件并将它们链接在一起。

编译工作正常，链接提供了一个问题。

第 3 方软件提供了一个入口，以变量的形式提供基本的链接器选项。默认选项如下：

link_sl='LINK', '/nologo', '/NOENTRY', '/INCREMENTAL:NO', '/subsystem:console', '/machine:AMD64', 
' /NODEFAULTLIB:LIBC.LIB', '/NODEFAULTLIB:LIBCMT.LIB','/DEFAULTLIB:OLDNAMES.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:LIBIFCOREMD.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:LIBIFPORTMD.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:LIBMMD.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:kernel32.lib', '/DEFAULTLIB:user32.lib', '/DEFAULTLIB:advapi32.lib','/FIXED:NO', '/dll','/def:%E', '/out:%U', '%F', '%A', '%L', '%B', 
'oldnames.lib', 'user32.lib', 'ws2_32.lib', 'netapi32.lib','advapi32.lib', 
'msvcrt.lib', 'vcruntime.lib', 'ucrt.lib']

链接时会出现以下 11 个错误：

msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __vcrt_initialize referenced in function __scrt_initialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __vcrt_uninitialize referenced in function __scrt_initialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __vcrt_uninitialize_critical referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_critical
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __vcrt_thread_attach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_attach
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __vcrt_thread_detach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_attach
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _is_c_termination_complete referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_c
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_initialize referenced in function __scrt_initialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_uninitialize referenced in function __scrt_uninitialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_uninitialize_critical referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_critical
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_thread_attach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_attach
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_thread_detach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_detach

这基本上意味着我没有包含所有必要的库。 我已经发现在选项中包含库“libvcruntime.lib”可以将错误减少到 6 个。因此，使用：

link_sl='LINK', '/nologo', '/NOENTRY', '/INCREMENTAL:NO', '/subsystem:console', '/machine:AMD64', 
' /NODEFAULTLIB:LIBC.LIB', '/NODEFAULTLIB:LIBCMT.LIB','/DEFAULTLIB:OLDNAMES.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:LIBIFCOREMD.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:LIBIFPORTMD.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:LIBMMD.LIB', '/DEFAULTLIB:kernel32.lib', '/DEFAULTLIB:user32.lib', '/DEFAULTLIB:advapi32.lib','/FIXED:NO', '/dll','/def:%E', '/out:%U', '%F', '%A', '%L', '%B', 
'oldnames.lib', 'user32.lib', 'ws2_32.lib', 'netapi32.lib','advapi32.lib', 
'msvcrt.lib', 'vcruntime.lib', 'ucrt.lib',**'libvcruntime.lib'**]

结果：

msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _is_c_termination_complete referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_c
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_initialize referenced in function __scrt_initialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_uninitialize referenced in function __scrt_uninitialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_uninitialize_critical referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_critical
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_thread_attach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_attach
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_thread_detach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_detach

我需要在链接过程中包含哪些其他库来解决这些问题？

Answer 1

我们遇到了完全相同的问题。通过在visual studio中制作一个简单的控制台项目，我们发现这段代码：

#include <stdio.h>
extern "C" {
    int _is_c_termination_complete(...);
    int __acrt_initialize(...);
    int __acrt_uninitialize(...);
}


int main()
{
    if(_is_c_termination_complete())
    { 
        __acrt_initialize();
    }
    fprintf(stdout, "Hello world\n");
    return 0;
}

反汇编成了这个。

main:
<snip>
00007FF68B44194A  call        __scrt_stub_for_is_c_termination_complete (07FF68B441140h)  
00007FF68B44194F  test        eax,eax  
00007FF68B441951  je          main+38h (07FF68B441958h)  
00007FF68B441953  call        __acrt_initialize (07FF68B441393h)  
00007FF68B441958  mov         ecx,1  
00007FF68B44195D  call        qword ptr [__imp___acrt_iob_func (07FF68B4502F0h)]  
00007FF68B441963  lea         rdx,[string "Hello world\n" (07FF68B449C28h)]  
00007FF68B44196A  mov         rcx,rax  
00007FF68B44196D  call        fprintf (07FF68B44119Ah)  
00007FF68B441972  xor         eax,eax  
00007FF68B441974  lea         rsp,[rbp+0C8h]  
00007FF68B44197B  pop         rdi  
00007FF68B44197C  pop         rbp  

链接器显然将 _is_c_termination_complete 重写为 __scrt_stub_for_is_c_termination_complete。据我们所知，函数 _is_c_termination_complete 不存在于任何特定的 crt 中。不同的 crt 似乎具有不同的实现，链接器似乎会根据您链接的 crt 重写这些实现。

对我们来说，从链接行中删除 /NOENTRY 选项修复了 6 个错误。显然， /NOENTRY 阻止链接器拉入 crt 的实现。

显然，/NOENTRY 实际上意味着没有代码，我们肯定有。

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/noentry-no-entry-point?view=vs-2019

Answer 2

在此第 3 方软件提供的框架内工作时，我遇到了完全相同的问题。虽然我无法直接回答查找包含 _is_c_termination_complete 的库的问题，但我意识到仍然可以使您的代码正常工作：只需将 /FORCE 标志添加到您的 link_sl 标志列表即可。

根据MSVC official documentation：

/FORCE 选项告诉链接器创建一个有效的 .exe 文件或 DLL，即使一个符号被引用但未定义或被多次定义。

因此，LNK2019 错误消息不会阻止链接器生成 dll 库，这对于运行第 3 方软件至关重要。链接器消息如下所示：

msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _is_c_termination_complete referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_c
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_initialize referenced in function __scrt_initialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_uninitialize referenced in function __scrt_uninitialize_crt
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_uninitialize_critical referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_uninitialize_critical
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_thread_attach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_attach
msvcrt.lib(utility.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __acrt_thread_detach referenced in function __scrt_dllmain_crt_thread_detach
 : warning LNK4088: image being generated due to /FORCE option; image may not run
msvcprt.lib(locale0_implib.obj) : warning LNK4210: .CRT section exists; there may be unhandled static initializers or terminators

这当然不是一个简单的解决方案，也不能保证在任何情况下都能正常工作，但它至少适用于我的代码。