如何从用户那里获取信息而不是使用特定值？

Question

已编辑。你好，我是这里的新手，也是 C++ 的新手。我想编写一个可以基本使用函数和类的代码。我在主函数中询问了用户 ID、姓名、薪水。顺便说一句，在编译之前没有发生错误，程序询问了用户 ID，但是跳过了我用字符串定义的名称。然后继续取薪水。为什么它不取字符串值？在代码的末尾我添加了输出

enter code here
 #include<string>
 #include<iostream>
 using namespace std;

 class Employee
  {
   private:
   int eid;
   string name;
   public:
   Employee(int e,string n)
   {
    eid=e;
    name=n;
    setEmployeeID(e);
    setName(n);
    }
    void setEmployeeID(int e)
    {
     eid=e;
    }
     int getEmployeeID()
    {
     return eid;
    }
     void setName(string n)
    {
     name=n;
     }
     string getName()
     {
     return name;
     }
     };
 class FulltimeEmployee:public Employee
     {
     private:
        int salary;
     public:
        FulltimeEmployee(int e,string n,int sal):Employee(e,n)
      {
      salary=sal;
      setSalary(sal);
       }
      void setSalary(int sal)
       {
      salary=sal;
       }
     int getSalary()
       {
     return salary;
        }
        };
class ParttimeEmployee:public Employee
     {
     private:
     int wage;
     public:
     ParttimeEmployee(int e,string n,int w):Employee(e,n)
     {
     wage=w;
     setWage(w);
     }
     void setWage(int w)
     {
      wage=w;
      }
      int getWage()
     {
     return wage;
      }
      };
int main()
{
int workerId;
string workerName;
int workerPayment;
cout<<"Please enter your ID please: ";
cin>>workerId;
cout<<"Please enter your name please: ";
cout<<"Please enter your salary: ";
getline(cin,workerName);
cin>>workerPayment;
ParttimeEmployee personel1(workerId,workerName,workerPayment);
FulltimeEmployee personel2(workerId,workerName,workerPayment);;
cout<<"Daily wage of "<<personel1.getName()<<" is "<<" "   <<personel1.getWage()<<endl;
cout<<"Worker ID is:"<<personel1.getEmployeeID()<<endl;
cout<<"Salary of "<<personel2.getName()<<"is "<<" "<<personel2.getSalary()<<endl;
  cout<<"Worker ID is:"<<personel2.getEmployeeID()<<endl;
  return 0;

  }


enter code here
Here is my output:
Please enter your ID please: 12123
Please enter your name please: Please enter your salary: 1000
Daily wage of  is  1000
Worker ID is:12123
Salary of is  1000

Answer 1

我在猜测，但你可以使用cin：

class Employee
{
//...
public:
     void get_info_from_user()
     {
         std::cout << "Enter employee ID: ";
         std::cin >> eid;
         std::cout << "Enter employee name: ";
         std::getline(std::cin, name);
     };
};

您也可以添加与其他类类似的内容。

编辑1：重载运算符>>
为了更通用，你可以重载operator>>:

class Employee
{
//...
  public:
      friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Employee& e);
};

std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Employee& e)
{
    input >> e.eid;
    std::getline(input, e.name);
    return input;
}

上面的代码允许你做这样的事情：

std::vector<Employee> database;
Employee e;
while (data_file >> e)
{
    database.push_back(e);
}